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A Prisoner, Legislator, and Jurist: Joseph Lamm's Legal Legacy in Relation to the Nazis and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law, 1950 囚犯、立法者和法学家:约瑟夫·拉姆与纳粹和纳粹合作者有关的法律遗产(惩罚)法,1950年
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcac059
Yehudit Dori Deston, D. Porat
{"title":"A Prisoner, Legislator, and Jurist: Joseph Lamm's Legal Legacy in Relation to the Nazis and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law, 1950","authors":"Yehudit Dori Deston, D. Porat","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcac059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcac059","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:In recent years, a number of studies have explored the unique legal phenomenon of the Israeli court cases that applied the Nazis and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law of 1950. The defendants were Jewish kapos or members of the Jewish police, themselves Holocaust survivors, who were considered to be collaborators with the Nazis. Most of these studies point out how these trials blurred the lines between criminal law and moral judgment, focusing on either the legislators, the defendants, or the court. In contrast, the present article examines the trials through the lens of one individual who was central to shaping and implementing the law: Joseph Lamm. Lamm's contribution stemmed from three different positions: from his experience as a prisoner in the Dachau camp, as a legislator who formulated the 1950 law, and as a judge in two criminal proceedings based on the law (which ended in opposite legal outcomes). The article argues that Lamm's personal experiences shaped his perceptions of the dual function of the law as both practical and declarative. This, in turn, affected his understanding of the law's content (as a legislator) and how it should be interpreted (as a judge).","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84539497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Girls' Voices: Jewish Teenage Diarists from Central and Eastern Europe as Witnesses of the Holocaust and Cultural Resisters in Concentration Camps and Ghettos 《女孩的声音:来自中欧和东欧的犹太青少年日记作者作为大屠杀的见证者和集中营和隔都的文化抵抗者》
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcac061
Martina Bitunjac, Urszula Markowska‐Manista
{"title":"Girls' Voices: Jewish Teenage Diarists from Central and Eastern Europe as Witnesses of the Holocaust and Cultural Resisters in Concentration Camps and Ghettos","authors":"Martina Bitunjac, Urszula Markowska‐Manista","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcac061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcac061","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The diaries of the teenage girls Renia Spiegel (Poland), Rutka Laskier (Poland), Sheindi Miller-Ehrenwald (Hungary), Ana Novac (Romania), Éva Heyman (Romania/Hungary), Masha Rolnikaite (Lithuania) and Helga Weiss (Czechoslovakia) share several characteristics. They were all written by diarists who were of Jewish origin; lived in Central and Eastern Europe; and were persecuted, intimidated, and deported to a ghetto and/or concentration camp. Some of the diarists were murdered by the National Socialists. To cope with their traumatic experiences, the girls risked their lives by entrusting their thoughts, fears, and insights to their diaries. In this study, these individual authors are not seen as passive victims, but rather—despite their young age—as eyewitnesses, chroniclers, and cultural resistance fighters. Regardless of the subjectivity and childish or adolescent perspective from which they were written, their works are valued and understood as important historical documents.","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76471290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Checkmate: Chess Artifacts and Artworks Made and Played in Extremis 将死:在极端情况下制作和播放的国际象棋工艺品和艺术品
3区 历史学
HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcad013
Rachel Perry, Klara Jackl, Galina Lochekhina
{"title":"Checkmate: Chess Artifacts and Artworks Made and Played in Extremis","authors":"Rachel Perry, Klara Jackl, Galina Lochekhina","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcad013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcad013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A game of war, chess was played and pictured in a time of war by men and women, Jews and non-Jews in hiding, in the ghettos, and even behind the barbed wire of the transit, concentration, and extermination camps across Nazi-occupied Europe. Throughout the Second World War, instead of “throwing the game” and giving up, victims of National Socialism devised ingenious ways to improvise chess sets out of found materials and detritus—carved wood, folded paper, etched tin, and modeled bread. They also drew and painted chess games to document and allegorize their lives in extremis. Through a close reading of chess artifacts and artworks, this article reveals how access to materials and time, status within camp hierarchies, ethnic and national identities, and wartime experiences impacted the various ways these groups used the game of chess under difficult playing conditions. Insisting upon the central role of creativity and play, it argues that both material artifacts and artwork inform our knowledge of how individuals living under Nazi oppression thought and felt.","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135469363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction to: “Portraits from a Conjoined War: The German 100th Light Infantry Division and First Contact with the Jews of Zinkiv, Ukraine—July 1941” 更正:“联合战争的肖像:1941年7月,德国第100轻步兵师与乌克兰津科夫犹太人的第一次接触”
3区 历史学
HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcad012
{"title":"Correction to: “Portraits from a Conjoined War: The German 100th Light Infantry Division and First Contact with the Jews of Zinkiv, Ukraine—July 1941”","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcad012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcad012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136173682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editor's Note 编者按
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcad041
Daniel H. Magilow, Helene J. Sinnreich
{"title":"Editor's Note","authors":"Daniel H. Magilow, Helene J. Sinnreich","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcad041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcad041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85864657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polish Jews in the Soviet Union (1939–1959): History and Memory of Deportation, Exile, and Survival 苏联的波兰犹太人(1939-1959):驱逐、流放和生存的历史与记忆
3区 历史学
HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcad006
Samuel Finkelman
{"title":"Polish Jews in the Soviet Union (1939–1959): History and Memory of Deportation, Exile, and Survival","authors":"Samuel Finkelman","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcad006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcad006","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Polish Jews in the Soviet Union (1939–1959): History and Memory of Deportation, Exile, and Survival Get access Polish Jews in the Soviet Union (1939–1959): History and Memory of Deportation, Exile, and Survival, Katharina Friedla and Markus Nesselrodt, eds. (Boston, MA: Academic Studies Press, 2021), 350 pp., hardcover $139.99, electronic version available. Samuel Finkelman Samuel Finkelman University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA Email: sfink@sas.upenn.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Holocaust and Genocide Studies, dcad006, https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcad006 Published: 26 May 2023 Article history Received: 27 August 2022 Editorial decision: 01 September 2022 Accepted: 08 March 2023 Corrected and typeset: 26 May 2023 Published: 26 May 2023","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135423892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Mir Yeshiva’s Holocaust Experience: Ultra-Orthodox Perspectives on Japanese Wartime Attitudes towards Jewish Refugees 叶史瓦的大屠杀经历:日本战时对犹太难民态度的极端正统观点
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-11-05 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcac036
R. Kowner
{"title":"The Mir Yeshiva’s Holocaust Experience: Ultra-Orthodox Perspectives on Japanese Wartime Attitudes towards Jewish Refugees","authors":"R. Kowner","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcac036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcac036","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The exodus of Jewish refugees from Lithuania to East Asia in late 1940 has become one of the most remarkable stories of rescue during the Holocaust. The largest group among these refugees was the Mir Yeshiva—one of Europe’s most notable Jewish educational institutions at the time, and the only Lithuanian yeshiva to survive the war in its entirety. Recent studies of this story have emphasized the role of the rescuers—particularly the Japanese vice consul Sugihara Chiune, who issued visas to the Jews—while neglecting the perspectives of the rescued. Nevertheless, the Mir Yeshiva has produced numerous accounts of its wartime ordeal over the past seventy years. Overlooked for the most part by the historiography of this period, the Mir testimonies and writings shed new light on the experiences of the Jewish refugees in Lithuania (1939–1940) and East Asia (1941–1945). Considering these accounts within their broader historical and international context, this article highlights their contribution to our understanding of this episode and Japanese wartime attitudes toward Jewish refugees.","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77795128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Armenians of Aintab: The Economics of Genocide in an Ottoman Province Ümit Kurt 安因塔布的亚美尼亚人:奥斯曼省的种族灭绝经济学Ümit Kurt
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-11-04 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcac049
Robert F. Melson
{"title":"The Armenians of Aintab: The Economics of Genocide in an Ottoman Province\u0000 Ümit Kurt","authors":"Robert F. Melson","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcac049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcac049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83383836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Remain or Resign? Jewish Leaders’ Dilemmas in the Netherlands and Belgium under Nazi Occupation 留下还是辞职?纳粹占领下荷兰和比利时犹太领袖的困境
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcac038
Laurien Vastenhout
{"title":"Remain or Resign? Jewish Leaders’ Dilemmas in the Netherlands and Belgium under Nazi Occupation","authors":"Laurien Vastenhout","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcac038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcac038","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Why did the chairman of the “Jewish Council” in Belgium decide to resign from his position in late 1942 while his counterparts in the Netherlands, operating in a seemingly similar context, decided to remain in place until the council was dissolved? The choices and motivations of Jewish leaders during Nazi rule have been a persistent subject of discussion in Holocaust historiography for decades. To this day, research has overwhelmingly been conducted in national contexts, which has obscured a thorough understanding of the distinctive circumstances in which Jewish leaders operated. By exploring the different socio-historical premises on which the Jewish organizations in the Netherlands and Belgium were built, this article argues that the level of (dis)continuation with prewar communal structures played a significant role in the posture and choices of Jewish functionaries under Nazi occupation in these two countries.","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86508154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Portraits from a Conjoined War: The German 100th Light Infantry Division and First Contact with the Jews of Zinkiv, Ukraine—July 1941 联合战争的画像:1941年7月,德国第100轻步兵师与乌克兰津科夫犹太人的第一次接触
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcac040
R. Bernheim
{"title":"Portraits from a Conjoined War: The German 100th Light Infantry Division and First Contact with the Jews of Zinkiv, Ukraine—July 1941","authors":"R. Bernheim","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcac040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcac040","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:On July 10, 1941, the German 100th Light Infantry Division rolled into the Ukrainian Jewish shtetl of Zinkiv. Over a three-day period, this division committed gratuitous acts of violence and abject terror. While the total number of murdered Jews was relatively small, the author uses the corpus of pre-invasion orders and daily military objectives and reports in official war diaries, as well as eyewitness accounts to examine how and why these frontline soldiers perpetrated the “Holocaust by Bullets” during the initial phase of the Operation Barbarossa campaign in “the murky world where combat and ideology meet.”","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89994254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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