Anuario De Psicologia Juridica最新文献

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Stability of autobiographical memory in young people with intellectual disabilities 智障青年自传式记忆的稳定性
IF 0.9 4区 社会学
Anuario De Psicologia Juridica Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apj.2017.05.002
Claudia Morales , Antonio L. Manzanero , Alina Wong , Mar Gómez-Gutiérrez , Ana M. Iglesias , Susana Barón , Miguel Álvarez
{"title":"Stability of autobiographical memory in young people with intellectual disabilities","authors":"Claudia Morales ,&nbsp;Antonio L. Manzanero ,&nbsp;Alina Wong ,&nbsp;Mar Gómez-Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Ana M. Iglesias ,&nbsp;Susana Barón ,&nbsp;Miguel Álvarez","doi":"10.1016/j.apj.2017.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apj.2017.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study aimed to analyze the stability of the memory of a stressful event (medical examination within a hospital setting) over time in young people (age range 12 to 21, <em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 15.11 years old, <em>SD</em> = 3.047) with mild or moderate intellectual disability (IQ = 54.32, <em>SD</em> = 13.47). The results show a stability of the memory of what happened an hour and a week after the event in relation to the people involved, the apparatus used, and the parts of the body explored. No interaction effects were found between the stability of memory over time and the level of intellectual disability. The level of disability (mild or moderate) only affected the description of the doctor who performed the exploration and the explored parts of the body, showing better results for people with mild disability. In addition, the results highlight the relationship between memory and IQ, especially verbal IQ.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apj.2017.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54192659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Agresores sexuales juveniles: tipología y perfil psicosocial en función de la edad de sus víctimas 青少年性侵犯者:根据受害者年龄的类型和心理社会概况
IF 0.9 4区 社会学
Anuario De Psicologia Juridica Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apj.2016.05.002
Carlos Benedicto , David Roncero , Luis González
{"title":"Agresores sexuales juveniles: tipología y perfil psicosocial en función de la edad de sus víctimas","authors":"Carlos Benedicto ,&nbsp;David Roncero ,&nbsp;Luis González","doi":"10.1016/j.apj.2016.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apj.2016.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to improve the understanding of risk factors involved in sexual crimes committed by adolescents, data was compiled about 63 young offenders who had committed at least one sexual offense and had served an internment judicial measure in Madrid Region for this crime between 2006 and 2015. To explore possible differences, two groups were established according to an age-based classification of the victim, distinguishing between adolescents who sexually offend children (AM) and adolescents who sexually assault peers or older victims (AI). The results indicate that the AM group presents a profile characterized by a higher victimization and social isolation, while the AI group is characterized by a greater presence of other antisocial and aggressive behaviors. Finally, the implications of the results for therapeutic intervention in these adolescents are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apj.2016.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54191617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Age-related differences in the phenomenal characteristics of long-term memories of March 11, 2004 terrorist attack 2004年3月11日恐怖袭击长期记忆现象特征的年龄相关差异
IF 0.9 4区 社会学
Anuario De Psicologia Juridica Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apj.2017.03.002
Rocío Vallet, Antonio L. Manzanero, Javier Aróztegui, Rubén García Zurdo
{"title":"Age-related differences in the phenomenal characteristics of long-term memories of March 11, 2004 terrorist attack","authors":"Rocío Vallet,&nbsp;Antonio L. Manzanero,&nbsp;Javier Aróztegui,&nbsp;Rubén García Zurdo","doi":"10.1016/j.apj.2017.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apj.2017.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this study was to explore age-related differences in the phenomenal characteristics of long-term memories of the terrorist attacks that took place in Madrid (Spain) on March 11, 2004. One hundred and ninety-six individuals participated in this experiment: 92 were 9.60 years old on average and 104 were 39.41 years old on average at the time of the event. To evaluate their real memories of the event twelve years later, the Phenomenological Questionnaire on Autobiographical Memory was used<em>.</em> Differences were shown between the two groups in terms of memory quality, emotions associated with the event, and accessibility of the information remembered. Results were also represented using high-dimensional visualization (HDV) graphs, supporting the assertion that long-term event memories have different characteristics depending on the age of the individual at the time the event took place. Memories in adult people meet the criteria to be considered flashbulb memories, while in the case of the younger people this kind of memory does not seem to emerge. Young people are probably less capable of evaluating the consequences of an event which results in reduced emotional arousal and a different elaboration of the event memory in comparison to older adults.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apj.2017.03.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54192591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Psychopathy: Legal and neuroscientific aspects 精神病:法律和神经科学方面
IF 0.9 4区 社会学
Anuario De Psicologia Juridica Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apj.2017.01.003
Joaquin Ortega-Escobar , Miguel Ángel Alcázar-Córcoles , Leopoldo Puente-Rodríguez , Enrique Peñaranda-Ramos
{"title":"Psychopathy: Legal and neuroscientific aspects","authors":"Joaquin Ortega-Escobar ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Alcázar-Córcoles ,&nbsp;Leopoldo Puente-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Enrique Peñaranda-Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.apj.2017.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apj.2017.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Psychopathy is characterised by emotional disturbances that affect interpersonal behaviour and decision-making. The objective of this paper is to review the most recent contributions to the field of neuroscience of psychopathy and the implications that this disorder has on the criminal legal field. In regards to this last aspect, we evaluate the issue of psychopaths’ accountability and the incidence of psychopathy in many other penal institutions. In terms of the contributions of neuroscience, we will focus on the orbitofrontal (ofPFC) and ventromedial (vmPFC) regions of the frontal lobes and on the amygdala. Data spanning from the nineteenth century to the present indicate that damage to the ofPFC and vmPFC is the basis of behaviours that have been referred to as pseudopsychopathic. The earlier during brain development the damage occurs, the more likely these behaviours will resemble those of psychopaths. The damage to the amygdala is rather related to impairments in the ability to distinguish facial expressions of fear and the capacity to feel emotions. Damage to ofPFC, vmPFC, and amygdala are highly relevant to the expression of pseudopsychopathic behaviours.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apj.2017.01.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54191864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Cognición, emoción y mentira: implicaciones para detectar el engaño 认知、情感和谎言:检测欺骗的含义
IF 0.9 4区 社会学
Anuario De Psicologia Juridica Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apj.2017.02.004
Iris Blandón-Gitlin , Rafael M. López , Jaume Masip , Elise Fenn
{"title":"Cognición, emoción y mentira: implicaciones para detectar el engaño","authors":"Iris Blandón-Gitlin ,&nbsp;Rafael M. López ,&nbsp;Jaume Masip ,&nbsp;Elise Fenn","doi":"10.1016/j.apj.2017.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apj.2017.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently, the dearth of evidence supporting nonverbal-emotional approach to lie detection has favored the development of cognitive orientation. According to cognitive orientation, lying is cognitively more complex than truth telling, such that an artificial increase of cognitive difficulty during an interview will lead liars to show indicators of cognitive overload. In this paper we argue that lying is not always more cognitively difficult than telling the truth. Automatically inferring deception from the observation of cognitive load indicators may lead to erroneous judgments. Practitioners must know how memory and the human cognitive system work, so they can understand the actual meaning of cognitive load indicators. Scientists should develop cognitive models of deception to guide their research, and should base their research hypotheses on specific cognitive mechanisms and processes. Finally, because emotions influence cognition, the role of emotions in lie detection cannot be neglected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apj.2017.02.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54192202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Neurobiología de la agresión y la violencia 攻击性和暴力的神经生物学
IF 0.9 4区 社会学
Anuario De Psicologia Juridica Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apj.2016.03.001
Joaquín Ortega-Escobar, Miguel Ángel Alcázar-Córcoles
{"title":"Neurobiología de la agresión y la violencia","authors":"Joaquín Ortega-Escobar,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Alcázar-Córcoles","doi":"10.1016/j.apj.2016.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apj.2016.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Legal psychology has become interested in the neurobiology of agression and violence because in many cases criminal behaviour has violent components. The objective of this review is triple: to give a definition of both concepts; to show the different kinds of aggression (impulsive vs. instrumental) described in the scientific literature; and to analyse the neural structures that have been associated with aggression through lesion or neuroimaging studies. This review highlights mainly: a) subcortical structures such as hypothalamus and brain stem, where aggression is generated, and the amygdala, involved in processing emotionally salient stimuli; b) cortical structures such as the prefrontal cortex (which includes the orbitofrontal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex) which seem to be hypofunctional in the aggressive subjects. Finally, studies about the role of the neurotransmitter serotonin and its role in aggressive behavior are reviewed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apj.2016.03.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54189622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Morir y matar por un grupo o unos valores. Estrategias para evitar, reducir y/o erradicar el comportamiento grupal extremista 为一个群体或价值观而死亡和杀戮。避免、减少和/或根除极端群体行为的策略
IF 0.9 4区 社会学
Anuario De Psicologia Juridica Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apj.2016.04.001
Ángel Gómez , Lucía López-Rodríguez , Alexandra Vázquez , Borja Paredes , Mercedes Martínez
{"title":"Morir y matar por un grupo o unos valores. Estrategias para evitar, reducir y/o erradicar el comportamiento grupal extremista","authors":"Ángel Gómez ,&nbsp;Lucía López-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Alexandra Vázquez ,&nbsp;Borja Paredes ,&nbsp;Mercedes Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.apj.2016.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apj.2016.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two theoretical approaches have been recently proposed to explain why some individuals are willing to die and kill for their group or for their beliefs. Identity fusion is a visceral connection with a group that predicts willingness to perform extreme behavior for the group. Sacred values theory suggests that some people have a visceral connection with a value that makes them consider that value as sacred, and predicts willingness for costly sacrifices for such values. The Devoted Actors model postulates that those who hold certain sacred values and that are fused with the group that shares such values will be willing to conduct sacrifices exceptionally costly and extreme for their beliefs and for their group. The current paper analyzes these theories and the Devoted Actors model from a point of view of their relation to terrorism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apj.2016.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54189702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
The culture of honor as the best explanation for the high rates of criminal homicide in Pernambuco: A comparative study with 160 convicts and non-convicts 荣誉文化是伯南布哥州高犯罪率的最佳解释:对160名罪犯和非罪犯的比较研究
IF 0.9 4区 社会学
Anuario De Psicologia Juridica Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apj.2015.03.001
Monica Gomes Teixeira Campello de Souza , Bruno Campello de Souza , Wofgang Bilsky , Antonio Roazzi
{"title":"The culture of honor as the best explanation for the high rates of criminal homicide in Pernambuco: A comparative study with 160 convicts and non-convicts","authors":"Monica Gomes Teixeira Campello de Souza ,&nbsp;Bruno Campello de Souza ,&nbsp;Wofgang Bilsky ,&nbsp;Antonio Roazzi","doi":"10.1016/j.apj.2015.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apj.2015.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present work aimed to investigate the propensity towards criminal homicide using a broad approach, encompassing theories based on socioeconomic frustration, decision-making processes, emotional attachment, testosterone, moral development, moral values, and the culture of honor. A total of 160 adult Brazilian men completed a questionnaire, various psychological tests, and right-hand digit ratio measurements. The findings discarded all theories tested, except the culture of honor. It is concluded that, in the region, public policies for the reduction of the rate of homicides must be specific to that crime and address cultural issues regarding honor and moral satisfaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apj.2015.03.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54189072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Cuando “el” delincuente es “ella”: intervención con mujeres violentas 当“罪犯”是“她”时:对暴力女性的干预
IF 0.9 4区 社会学
Anuario De Psicologia Juridica Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apj.2016.04.006
Ismael Loinaz
{"title":"Cuando “el” delincuente es “ella”: intervención con mujeres violentas","authors":"Ismael Loinaz","doi":"10.1016/j.apj.2016.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apj.2016.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Treating female offenders is a major challenge of criminal justice, psychology, and social intervention practitioners. The rates of arrests and convictions have increased, leading to a need to provide services for women prosecuted for violent crimes. However, the available knowledge, intervention programs, and validated tools are limited in the Spanish context. This review aims to provide an overview of the international context regarding the intervention with violent female offenders, focusing on the case of intimate partner violence and sexual violence. The literature shows that low prevalences limit studies about the effectiveness of interventions, victimization seems a relevant topic in the treatment of female offenders, risk assessment is very complicated due to the low recidivism, and attrition in programs is very common as it is in men. The implications for the development of the topic in the Spanish context are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apj.2016.04.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54191312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Diagnóstico de seguridad/inseguridad. Un estudio exploratorio en una comunidad urbana 安全/不安全诊断。城市社区的探索性研究
IF 0.9 4区 社会学
Anuario De Psicologia Juridica Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apj.2015.07.001
Ana Sani, Laura M. Nunes
{"title":"Diagnóstico de seguridad/inseguridad. Un estudio exploratorio en una comunidad urbana","authors":"Ana Sani,&nbsp;Laura M. Nunes","doi":"10.1016/j.apj.2015.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apj.2015.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents the results of an evaluation from an exploratory study, developed in a community with high rates of crime in the city of Porto. The study objectives were to obtain knowledge of that community, about their needs, the available resources, the social dynamics, the perception of insecurity, the victimization situations, and the actions developed in those situations. Using one questionnaire, we developed an exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional study based on self-reports of 139 individuals of this community, both sexes and aged between 15 and 84 years old (<em>M</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->41.4 years, <em>SD</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->21.84). The results highlight a security feeling, although the perception of an increase of crime. Drug trafficking is one of the most common and feared crimes. There is a demand for more policing and greater proximity to citizens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44109,"journal":{"name":"Anuario De Psicologia Juridica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apj.2015.07.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54189151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
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