攻击性和暴力的神经生物学

IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q2 LAW
Joaquín Ortega-Escobar, Miguel Ángel Alcázar-Córcoles
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引用次数: 13

摘要

法律心理学对攻击和暴力的神经生物学产生了兴趣,因为在许多情况下,犯罪行为具有暴力成分。本综述的目的有三个:给出两个概念的定义;展示科学文献中描述的不同类型的攻击(冲动性与工具性);并通过损伤或神经成像研究来分析与攻击性有关的神经结构。这篇综述主要强调了:a)皮层下结构,如下丘脑和脑干,这是产生攻击的地方,杏仁核,参与处理情绪显著刺激;B)皮层结构,如前额皮质(包括眶额皮质、腹内侧前额皮质和前扣带皮质),在攻击性受试者中似乎功能低下。最后,对神经递质血清素在攻击行为中的作用及其研究进展进行了综述。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Neurobiología de la agresión y la violencia

Legal psychology has become interested in the neurobiology of agression and violence because in many cases criminal behaviour has violent components. The objective of this review is triple: to give a definition of both concepts; to show the different kinds of aggression (impulsive vs. instrumental) described in the scientific literature; and to analyse the neural structures that have been associated with aggression through lesion or neuroimaging studies. This review highlights mainly: a) subcortical structures such as hypothalamus and brain stem, where aggression is generated, and the amygdala, involved in processing emotionally salient stimuli; b) cortical structures such as the prefrontal cortex (which includes the orbitofrontal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex) which seem to be hypofunctional in the aggressive subjects. Finally, studies about the role of the neurotransmitter serotonin and its role in aggressive behavior are reviewed.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
11.10%
发文量
3
审稿时长
18 weeks
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