2014 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)最新文献

{"title":"Iterative design and information communication technology for community development","authors":"Jacob Sztraicher, L. Morgan, Emir Okaygun, Michael Terrell, Austin Fry, Siddhartha Pailla, G. Louis","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829888","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the Development Clearinghouse (DevClear) is to facilitate social networking between stakeholders in development assistance. These stakeholders include communities in need of essential human services (EHS), non-governmental organizations (NGO) that provide development assistance to communities, and funding agencies (FA) that provide financial, and other support for development assistance to communities in need. Essential human services are defined as access to; water, sanitation, shelter, household energy, clean indoor air, food, and personal security. A developing community is one that lacks the capability to provide at least one EHS to its members from its own resources. This project seeks to give voice to the need for EHS in developing communities, particularly communities that are low-income, rural, and/or comprised primarily of indigenous people. These communities generally have the greatest unmet need for EHS, and the least ability to communicate with the development aid community. The goal of this project is to create an internet- and short message service (SMS) based platform to allow for timely, multilateral communication between NGOs, communities in need, FAs, and other related entities. The team was asked to develop a means of connecting stakeholders in developing communities in the most effective manner. Each stakeholder would use DevClear to address a community's needs, as well as share information about their respective needs or available services with others. The preceding Capstone team determined that SMS was the most viable technology to satisfy these requirements. Ideally, the final design will have two interconnected parts, the web interface and SMS component. This Capstone team has been working to implement this technology into DevClear. As soon as a functional prototype is ready, the team will begin testing it. fully functioning prototype is expected by May 2014, with field testing planned for Siuna, Nicaragua in July 2014.","PeriodicalId":441073,"journal":{"name":"2014 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114859961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a two-phase solar and fluid-based renewable energy system for residential use","authors":"Eric J. Leaman, J. Cochran, Jacquelyn K. S. Nagel","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829917","url":null,"abstract":"This project explores the technical challenge of sustainability as it relates to solar energy production, storage, and consumption. The challenge is addressed through the design of a two-phase renewable energy system that can provide electrical energy during both day and night without the use of chemical batteries. “Phase One” is the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy using photovoltaic panels for both immediate supply to the household load and for storage in a fluid based system. “Phase Two” is the conversion of the stored potential energy back into electrical energy. Methods of energy storage evaluated include pumped-hydroelectric energy storage (PHES) and compressed-air energy storage (CAES). Mathematical models using typical energy efficiency values are first used to estimate system parameters such as reservoir volume and height or pressure requirements. Based on the results, components and the methods of energy storage for further evaluation are selected. A dynamic systems-level model is then used to estimate energy output and efficiency as a function of changing system parameters. This model is validated by simulating full-scale conditions using a fluid reservoir and a pump. PHES has been chosen as the method of energy storage based on a high-level analysis. Efficiency of the turbine-generator was experimentally found to be as high as about 32% but was shown to increase with increasing hydraulic head. This demonstrates that the system could be a viable replacement for conventional batteries in poor or remote locations, especially if local topography allows for low-cost installation of a raised water reservoir.","PeriodicalId":441073,"journal":{"name":"2014 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122586043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empirical analysis of Bayesian kernel methods for modeling count data","authors":"Molly Stam Floyd, H. Baroud, K. Barker","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829873","url":null,"abstract":"Bayesian models are used for estimation and forecasting in a wide range of application areas. One extension of such methods is the Bayesian kernel model, which integrate the Bayesian conjugate prior with kernel functions. This paper empirically analyzes the performance of Bayesian kernel models when applied to count data. The analysis is performed with several data sets with different characteristics regarding the numbers of observations and predictors. While the size of the data and number of predictors is changing across data sets, the predictors are all continuous in this study. The Poisson Bayesian kernel model is applied to each data set and compared to the Poisson generalized linear model. The measures of goodness of fit used are the deviance and the log-likelihood functional value, and the computation is done by dividing the data into training and testing sets, for the Bayesian kernel model, a tuning set is used to optimize the parameters of the kernel function. The Bayesian kernel approach tends to outperform classical count data models for smaller data sets with a small number of predictors. The analysis conducted in this paper is an initial step towards the validation of the Poisson Bayesian kernel model. This type of model can be useful in risk analysis applications in which data sources are scarce and can help in analytical and data-driven decision making.","PeriodicalId":441073,"journal":{"name":"2014 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132711076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of manual manufacturing processes using motion sensing technologies","authors":"W. Han, Xiaoqian Liu, Jack H. Radcliffe, Maryam Ghariban, Jane Wei, Kevin C. Chung, P. Beling","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829876","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate motion sensing technologies capable of collecting data that supports the analysis of workers in manufacturing environments, we developed a procedure to categorize manufacturing processes and many motion sensing technologies. Processes were decomposed into: resolution of movements, amount of noise, and detection difficulty; sensors were decomposed into: sensitivity, noise-cancellation capability, and detection capability. By analyzing each sensor alternative and checking if it provided the required functionality and level of performance, we were able to select sensor combinations for different categorized processes. The collected data were used to compare the performance differences between experienced and new workers through analytical and graphical analyses. Data analyses led us to a series of sample recommendations for novice operators to reduce their learning curves. These recommendations could also improve productivity and minimize production costs and risks related to safety. Given this methodology, manufacturers would be able to generalize the procedure to the majority of manufacturing processes and new sensing technologies in order to capture experts' tacit knowledge. We also used grit blasting as a sample manufacturing environment and five motion sensors to validate our methodology. The selected sensors were able to collect data within the working environment, and with that data we output visualizations and recommendations to the novice.","PeriodicalId":441073,"journal":{"name":"2014 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134629017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing electronic waste through the development of an adaptable mobile device","authors":"Madeleine C. Brannon, Phillip Graeter, Donald Schwartz, Joost R. Santos","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829871","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic waste is a growing problem in the world. As technology is more rapidly developed and made accessible to the public, an increase in the disposal of old electronics becomes more imminent. Electronic waste is harmful to the environment and the amount that it attributes to the waste stream can be reduced. Electronic products such as mobile devices are ubiquitous and the rates with which they are acquired and replaced by the consumers continue to rise. The current mobile device market encourages the acquisition of new devices more often than the end-of-life of the entire product. To create a more sustainable technological future, there must be a reduction in mobile device contribution to electronic waste. The problem of electronic waste with specific focus on mobile devices is approached from a systems engineering perspective. We performed a requirements analysis of alternative architectures that could potentially encourage and inspire customers to keep mobile devices for longer durations. In particular, we explored the idea of Phonebloks or a modular device, identified the critical factors in the development phase as outlined by ISO 15288 and ISO 9001 standards, and implemented a survey to evaluate user interest. This research explores a proof-of-concept design for a mobile device that is durable and customizable. A modular device allows for the consumer to replace a piece of the phone rather than the entire phone when they need to update their device. The consumer base is important to the success of the product, and our survey indicates a significant potential for consumer interest. The success of such a device could influence the development of more sustainable devices that will further encourage environmentally conscious technological design.","PeriodicalId":441073,"journal":{"name":"2014 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129598457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Verification and validation of the Infantry Warrior Simulation (IWARS) through engagement effectiveness modeling and statistical analysis","authors":"J. Eaton, R. Kalnins, Mitchell McKearn, Preston Wilson, Andrew Zecha","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829874","url":null,"abstract":"The United States Military uses simulations extensively in order to conduct detailed cost benefit analysis, facilitate the procurement, development and testing of systems, and to train and educate service members. The models that the military uses are only beneficial as long as they accurately mirror reality based on known data. As combat evolves, simulations must improve at a matched rate in order to stay relevant. Currently, the Infantry Warrior Simulation (IWARS) program has been through limited validation processes concerning its data on body hit distributions in the simulation versus the body hit distributions from actual combat. The IWARS models are developed through firsthand accounts collected through extensive research and stakeholder analysis. Common aspects of current engagements are then combined into a number of scenarios that the project team will simulate through IWARS. The project team will then use statistical analysis to compare the real and virtual data sets to determine to what degree the simulation matches the collected historical data. The project team will run multiple scenarios and trials in order to create statistically significant data. At the conclusion of this research project and through detailed statistical analysis, the design team will validate the IWARS output against historical data.","PeriodicalId":441073,"journal":{"name":"2014 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131876001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"P-median problems with edge reduction","authors":"J. Hartman, R. Kincaid","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829875","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a variation on the reverse p-median problem that does not require that the facilities are placed as an input to the problem. The variation, which will be referred to as the p-median problem with edge reduction, requires solving the p-median problem and the reverse p-median problem together. This paper presents a series of algorithms for solving the 1- and 2-median problems with edge reduction on trees. For the 1-median on a tree, where the location problem can be solved in O(n) time and the reverse problem in O(n log n) time, an algorithm is presented to solve the combined problem in O(n log n) time as well. The 2-median combined problem on a tree, for which each individual problem requires O(n log n) time, can be solved in O(n2 log n) time.","PeriodicalId":441073,"journal":{"name":"2014 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128613245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Videology and the future of online video advertising","authors":"Tianning Huang, Jack G. Callaway, Brittany Oliver, K. Peck, J. Gillen, Parker Bleam, W. Scherer","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829907","url":null,"abstract":"Videology is an online video ad serving company. For Videology, browser cookies are an important tool that allows them to gather information about users in order to better target advertisements to relevant consumers. However, Videology is concerned that increased disabling or deletion of cookies by internet users will adversely affect their ability to accurately identify user demographics and therefore hurt their business. We will investigate whether cookie deletion is a problem and seek an alternative technology that could possibly replace browser cookies. To investigate the extent of cookie deletion, we integrated sample Videology and Experian data sets for online user traffic. Since unique users identified by Videology represent individual online users, and Experian labels identify individual households, we used this data to project the average number of Internet users identified per household. When compared to the average number of persons per household, it became clear that cookie deletion did not significantly inflate the number of identified users per household, which signifies that cookie deletion is not as prevalent an issue as previously thought. Additionally, we investigated alternative techniques for identifying Internet users, focusing particularly on device fingerprinting and examining how it could be adopted by Videology. At the time of project completion, we expect to have determined the impact of cookie deletion on Videology's business. We will also evaluate alternative identification technologies that Videology may pursue in an effort to mitigate the negative impact of cookie deletion.","PeriodicalId":441073,"journal":{"name":"2014 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127719142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a single pilot cockpit for airline operations","authors":"J. Graham, C. Hopkins, Andrew Loeber, S. Trivedi","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829879","url":null,"abstract":"Rising fuel and operating expenses for commercial airline operators coupled with a predicted pilot labor shortage drives the need for a reduction in costs while continuing to service passengers. One possible solution to reduce recurring costs and mitigate the effects of a pilot shortage is the transition to a single pilot cockpit. Three different design alternatives for implementing a single pilot cockpit in commercial domestic jetliners were identified: the no change option represented by a two pilot cockpit, a single pilot with no additional support, and a single pilot with an onboard support system that automates some of the removed copilot roles. Design alternatives were evaluated using three models: (1) life-cycle cost, (2) reliability, and the (3) processing times for flight procedures based on a human processor simulation. The lifecycle cost model was used to determine the savings generated by a single pilot cockpit. Reliability analysis was done to establish failure rates relative to the target level of safety. A human performance model was developed to evaluate the time on task for each task in the Flight Crew Operating Manual (FCOM) for each alternative. The procedure models were decomposed into component tasks and actions required to complete the procedure. The ranking of alternative designs during utility/cost analysis was found to be (1) the no change option, (2) the single pilot with an onboard support system, and (3) the single pilot with no additional support. We found a tradeoff between the two pilot utility and single pilot with onboard support through cost savings. Based on the analysis of results, the single pilot with an onboard support system was judged to have the best chance for becoming a realistic single pilot cockpit system which will reduce recurring airline operating costs, maintain or improve flight safety, and maintain airline serviceability.","PeriodicalId":441073,"journal":{"name":"2014 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117119256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk analysis of GPS-dependent critical infrastructure system of systems","authors":"K. Chen, Cedric A. C. Heckel-Jones, Nicholas G. Maupin, Samuel M. Rubin, Joshua Bogdanor, Zhenyu Guo, Y. Haimes","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2014.6829911","url":null,"abstract":"The Department of Energy seeks to modernize the U.S. electric grid through the SmartGrid initiative, which includes the use of Global Positioning System (GPS)-timing dependent electric phasor measurement units (PMUs) for continual monitoring and automated controls. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security is concerned with the associated risks of increased utilization of GPS timing in the electricity subsector, which could in turn affect a large number of electricity-dependent Critical Infrastructure (CI) sectors. Exploiting the vulnerabilities of GPS systems in the electricity subsector can result to large-scale and costly blackouts. This paper seeks to analyze the risks of increased dependence of GPS into the electric grid through the introduction of PMUs and provides a systems engineering perspective to the GPS-dependent System of Systems (S-o-S) created by the SmartGrid initiative. The team started by defining and modeling the S-o-S followed by usage of a risk analysis methodology to identify and measure risks and evaluate solutions to mitigating the effects of the risks. The team expects that the designs and models resulting from the study will prove useful in terms of determining both current and future risks to GPS-dependent CIs sectors along with the appropriate countermeasures as the United States moves towards a SmartGrid system.","PeriodicalId":441073,"journal":{"name":"2014 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125041258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}