Acta Borealia最新文献

{"title":"Contesting the Nature Relations of Sámi Culture","authors":"J. Valkonen, S. Valkonen","doi":"10.1080/08003831.2014.905010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2014.905010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sámi culture is said to be characterized by a very close relationship to nature, regardless of time and place. However, the human–nature relation is a complex, multidimensional issue. Before we can make any substantive claims about the Sámi relationship to nature, we need first of all to define the “nature” to which the Sámi relate themselves. We study presentations of the Sámi nature relation and compare them to empirical research. We argue that there are in fact two different nature relations, which we describe as practical and discursive. It seems that on the one hand, the “special” nature relation of the Sámi refers to local habits and areas and therefore is not generalizable. On the other hand, there are political and performative constructions of indigenous Sámi identity that are tied to notions of nature relations.","PeriodicalId":44093,"journal":{"name":"Acta Borealia","volume":"31 1","pages":"25 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08003831.2014.905010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59542507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Living a Long Way from Home: Communicating Land-related Knowledge in Dispersed Indigenous Communities, an Alternative Approach","authors":"Stine Barlindhaug, Jon M. Corbett","doi":"10.1080/08003831.2014.904619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2014.904619","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Many indigenous communities are at a crossroads as regards lived experience of traditional livelihoods and members with intimate knowledge of their traditional landscapes. Using case studies from two indigenous communities, this article explores the application of both GIS tools and other geographic multimedia in community-based research projects that document landscape-related knowledge. The study involves a First Nation community in British Columbia, Canada and a Sámi community in Finnmark County, Norway. We discuss how land-use traditions and related knowledge constitute a peoples' identity and explore digital means of transferring this knowledge to support the ongoing transfer of indigenous knowledge between geographically dispersed community members, as well as future generations.","PeriodicalId":44093,"journal":{"name":"Acta Borealia","volume":"31 1","pages":"1 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08003831.2014.904619","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59542131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trond Thuen 1943–2013","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/08003831.2014.905032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2014.905032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44093,"journal":{"name":"Acta Borealia","volume":"192 1","pages":"108 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08003831.2014.905032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59542560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valkeapää's Use of Photographs in Beaivi áhčážan: Indigenous Counter-History versus Documentation in the Age of Photography","authors":"Anne Heith","doi":"10.1080/08003831.2014.904996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2014.904996","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines the photographic material of the Sámi cultural mobilizer Nils-Aslak Valkeapää's Beaivi áhčážan (The Sun, My Father), published in 1988, with theoretical perspectives from anti- and postcolonial studies. The analysis focuses on how Valkeapää's use of photographs involves that the colonial past is examined from the vantage point of the anti-colonial present of the 1980s. Valkeapää's re-contextualization of photographs from ethnographic collections assembled in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in a book he called a family album of the Sámi is discussed as an example of Sámi counter-history that is part of the decolonization process. When analysed with perspectives from anti- and postcolonial studies, the documentation of the way of life of the Sámi people in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries exemplifies a practice which has constructed the Sámi as the others of modern society. The article discusses how the construction of the Sámi as the others of modernity is deconstructed and challenged in present-day indigenous identity politics.","PeriodicalId":44093,"journal":{"name":"Acta Borealia","volume":"31 1","pages":"41 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08003831.2014.904996","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59542168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Tech Centre in the Periphery: The Political, Economic and Cultural Factors behind the Emergence and Development of the Oulu ICT Phenomenon in Northern Finland","authors":"M. Salo","doi":"10.1080/08003831.2014.905008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2014.905008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Oulu region in Northern Finland has witnessed a remarkable growth of ICT industries since the 1980s. A town near the Arctic Circle with only 140,000 people (2012) created a high-tech business that employed at its best nearly 16,000 people in the region at the millennium. This article investigates the historical background of this phenomenon, which is not so much an imitation of Silicon Valley, but rather a result of special Finnish and northern characteristics. The most important contributing factors were the University of Oulu, governmental support and the success of the Nokia Corporation. Oulu's strength was the early clustering of the focal actors. Oulu established the first Technology Park in the Nordic countries in 1982. The northern mental environment, Oulu's traditions and many exceptionally active persons also contributed to the phenomenon. The case of Oulu is presented in a larger international context with the help of studies on regional high-tech clusters and the development of the information society. Present and future challenges are also addressed.","PeriodicalId":44093,"journal":{"name":"Acta Borealia","volume":"31 1","pages":"107 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08003831.2014.905008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59542242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“‘Ruottiksi’, translated Paul Muotka patiently. ‘Kiitos.’” Mikael Niemi, Meänkieli and Readers Inside and Outside Tornedalen","authors":"Hans Låndqvist","doi":"10.1080/08003831.2014.905004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2014.905004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study in the research field of literary multilingualism and literary codeswitching is based on Mikael Niemi's novel Mannen som dog som en lax (2006) [The man who died like a salmon]. The novel is set mainly in Tornedalen, a widely bilingual area in Sweden where many people speak both Swedish and Meänkieli, a national minority language in Sweden since 2000. All instances of codeswitching in the material studied were identified and an analysis, based on Eriksson and Haapamäki's model designed to analyse literary multilingualism and literary codeswitching, was performed. The model consists of three main components: (1) the communicative context of the analysed work; (2) the form of codeswitching in the analysed work; and (3) the possible literary functions of codeswitching in the analysed work. The sender, Mikael Niemi, does not consider himself bilingual and most intended receivers are not bilingual either, even though linguistic conditions are central to the theme of the novel. Swedish is the base language of the novel, while elements of Meänkieli/Finnish, varieties of Swedish, and other languages represent a small fraction of the entire text. Implicit literary codeswitching predominates in the material in the form of metalinguistic comments and contextualization cues. By far the most common type of explicit literary codeswitching is between Swedish and Meänkieli/Finnish. The novel contains examples of literary codeswitching used in attempts to reproduce authentic usage and depict an authentic linguistic setting. In other examples, Tornedalen, Tornedalians and Meänkieli/Finnish are depicted as exotic phenomena compared with the majority society. Likewise, there are examples of how certain passages in the novel may include or exclude readers, depending on their understanding of Meänkieli/Finnish. Certain elements of Meänkieli can be interpreted as expressions of linguistic emancipation and the liberation of identity that empowers speakers of Meänkieli and the community of these speakers.","PeriodicalId":44093,"journal":{"name":"Acta Borealia","volume":"31 1","pages":"59 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08003831.2014.905004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59542179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sami Tourism and the Signposting of Spirituality. The Case of Sami Tour: a Spiritual Entrepreneur in the Contemporary Experience Economy","authors":"Trude Fonneland","doi":"10.1080/08003831.2013.844422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2013.844422","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The tourism industry provides an important insight into cultural heritage production and marketing. Therefore, it is also important to look at what elements and components are selected to represent a chosen culture in the context of tourism, where some cultural elements are placed at the forefront while others are silenced. There is an increasing tendency to highlight religious symbols and conceptions in the marketing of a tourist destination and many major tourist sites have developed largely as a result of their connections to sacred people, places and events. One of these sites is analysed, namely the location Sápmi as it is marketed on the tourism web portal www.samitour.no, where New Age spirituality in conjunction with local indigenous traditions are highlighted to promote Sápmi as a tourist site. The focus is on the signposting of religious symbols as a resource in a tourism context and the challenges connected with the merger of spiritual and commercial values.","PeriodicalId":44093,"journal":{"name":"Acta Borealia","volume":"30 1","pages":"190 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08003831.2013.844422","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59542087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Domestication, Reindeer Husbandry and the Development of Sámi Pastoralism","authors":"Ivar Bjørklund","doi":"10.1080/08003831.2013.847676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2013.847676","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A recurrent topic in ethnographic, historical and archaeological research has been the origins of Sámi reindeer pastoralism. The article discusses how prevailing theories have been influenced by general conceptual schemes, apriori constructed models and an extensive use of taxonomies. The debate has centered around how and when domestication took place, presupposing a paradigmatic change from hunting to pastoralism. However, there has probably never been an abrupt change; hunting and herding have both been parts of a multifaceted adaption existing up to the nineteenth century. What did change was the social organization of herding when a pastoral economy became the norm at that time. Such a change also had qualitative consequences in terms of new values and economic strategies.","PeriodicalId":44093,"journal":{"name":"Acta Borealia","volume":"30 1","pages":"174 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08003831.2013.847676","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59542123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Indigenous Space and Marginalized Peoples in the United Nations","authors":"F. Sejersen","doi":"10.1080/08003831.2013.843308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2013.843308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44093,"journal":{"name":"Acta Borealia","volume":"19 1","pages":"223 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08003831.2013.843308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59542032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Northern Grimoires: The Trondenes and Vesterålen Black Books","authors":"Roald E. Kristiansen","doi":"10.1080/08003831.2013.813779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2013.813779","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The so-called Black Books (grimoires) contain collections of conjurations and charms which provide instructions on how to make magical objects such as protective amulets and talismans. Two such Black Book manuscripts were recently rediscovered in the archives. They were part of the source material used by Bishop Anton Chr. Bang, who published excerpts from them in his book on magic formulas from Norwegian folk tradition. The two manuscripts are from ca. 1760 and 1800, and derive from the parishes of Trondenes and Bø in Vesterålen, respectively. This article will examine the two manuscripts with regard to their content and how they differ from each other. The use of grimoires is then discussed in order to clarify how we might interpret such books in their historical and social context in which Christian norms were taken for granted as the foundation of society.","PeriodicalId":44093,"journal":{"name":"Acta Borealia","volume":"30 1","pages":"209 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08003831.2013.813779","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59542006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}