IUG Journal of Natural Studies最新文献

{"title":"Stress among Medical Students in the Gaza Strip","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/iugns.31.2/2023/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/iugns.31.2/2023/4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stress is recognized as a worldwide phenomenon. Medical students around the world suffering from psychological stress and decrease life satisfaction and academic performance.\u0000\u0000Aim: The study aims to identify the prevalence of stress among medical student in the Gaza Strip.\u0000\u0000Study design: Across- sectional- descriptive analytical design was used to conduct the study.\u0000\u0000Sample and sampling: stratified random sampling. The target participants were the medical students from AL-Azhar & Islamic university in the Gaza Strip, the sample was 250 students. 138 students from AL-Azhar University and 112 students from Islamic University of both sexes.\u0000\u0000Methods: A self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect the data. The questionnaire included two parts. First, personal characteristics, Second, modified Medical Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ-40).\u0000\u0000Results: Revealed that the prevalence of stress among medical students was found to be 48.25%:, classified as moderate stress. Academic stress with an average of (63%), was the first stress among medical students, and was rated as high stress, followed by teaching and learning stress, (55.75%) which considered high. While, social pressure (49.75%), group activity (44.25%), drive and desire (39%), and intrapersonal and interpersonal stress (37.5%) are - classified as moderate stress. The average stress due to heavy curriculum in the academic domain was the highest one with a score of 78% classified as severe stress. Academic stress during the clinical training (65.75%) was higher than the pre-clinical training years (61%). No statistical differences were detected in term of gender regarding stress.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: There are several sources of stress affecting medical students. Academic-related stress were the major and the first stressor among medical students.\u0000\u0000Recommendations: Medical faculties should care about medical students. This is possible by providing effective stress reduction strategies, counseling and- a balanced curriculum.","PeriodicalId":440576,"journal":{"name":"IUG Journal of Natural Studies","volume":"475 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120981758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction to Synthetic Polyisoprene Gloves versus Control Gloves Using Modified Draize-95 Test in Normal Individual","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/iugns.31.2/2023/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/iugns.31.2/2023/1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The emergence of epidemics in recent years, such as COVID-19 and monkeypox, has increased the need for protective gloves.\u0000\u0000Objectives: This study was performed to provide clinical evidence that no residual chemical additives are present in the powder-free, non-latex, with and without pigment, sterile and non-sterile nitrile, and polyisoprene gloves at a level that may induce type IV allergy in the unsensitized general user population.\u0000\u0000Methods and Materials: We conducted the modified Draize-95 test on the GAMMEX® Non-Latex PI, sterile powder-free synthetic polyisoprene surgical gloves (S01) and the GAMMEX® Non-Latex PI Green, sterile powder free synthetic polyisoprene surgical gloves (S02). A quasi-experimental non-equivalent study consisted of 180 healthy unsensitized adult volunteers at the Islamic University of Gaza. Participants were divided into two groups: 150 white subjects and 30 black subjects. Each group divided into two groups, each one contained approximately the same numbers of males and females. We used two sets of different test materials as 2x2 cm pieces of the glove's materials from the inner and outer surfaces mounted on an adhesive patch. For the control groups, we used Nitrile Skin Examination Powder-Free Disposable Gloves (C1) and Aegis Examination Gloves (C2).\u0000\u0000Results: None of the participants showed positive reactions to the test materials of equal or greater than 1.5 in the challenge or rechallenge phase, both on the inner and outer surfaces of the GAMMEX® Non-Latex PI, sterile powder-free synthetic polyisoprene surgical gloves (S01), and the GAMMEX® Non-Latex PI Green, sterile powder-free synthetic polyisoprene surgical gloves (S02). Only one white woman showed a reaction to the inner surface of the S02 material in the induction phase.\u0000\u0000Three participants showed skin reactions to the second control material, the Aegis Nitrile Examination Gloves (C2). Those three were a white female in the induction phase and two white males in the challenge phase. However, none of them showed any reaction later. \u0000\u0000Conclusion: The modified Draize test negative results for the GAMMEX Non-Latex PI, sterile powder-free, synthetic polyisoprene surgical gloves (white and green) support the claim that the chemical sensitization potential of these materials is low and that no residual chemical additives are present in these gloves at a level that could cause type IV hypersensitivity reactions.","PeriodicalId":440576,"journal":{"name":"IUG Journal of Natural Studies","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115785431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Geometry of the Flag Varieties of Orthogonal group and Symplectic group","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/iugns.31.2/2023/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/iugns.31.2/2023/2","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to discuss an important discourse, as most literatures highlighted the dimension of partial flag in a certain manner, according to a fixed definition that does not include all possible cases. In the present paper the existence of two different cases of flags in the partial flag varieties of the groups and is explained wholly. In addition to this we will proceed by calculating the dimensions for all the given cases after pertaining the signature of these flags that are studied.","PeriodicalId":440576,"journal":{"name":"IUG Journal of Natural Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121309657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of different types of tobacco smoking on seminal fluid parameters and sex hormones among males from the Gaza Strip","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/iugns.31.2/2023/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/iugns.31.2/2023/3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Smoking is a global problem that negatively affects human health and fertility and the endocrine functions of the male reproductive system.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the influence of the different types of tobacco smoking (cigarette, hookah, and electronic) on semen parameters and sex hormones in males from the Gaza Strip.\u0000\u0000Methods and Materials: A total of 206 samples were classified into 156 cases and 50 controls. The cases have been classified into three groups depending on the type of tobacco smoking (cigarette smoking \"n=52\", hookah \"n=55\", and electronic \"n=49\"). Semen samples were collected to investigate the semen parameters in smokers compared to non-smokers. Additionally, blood samples were also collected to assess the level of sex hormones (testosterone, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH)).\u0000\u0000Results: A significant increase in FSH and LH levels has been found in smokers compared to non-smokers (P < 0.001), while a significant decrease in testosterone level has been observed in smokers’ men compared to non-smokers (P < 0.001). Significant variations have been shown in the sperm concentration (P < 0.001) and the percentages of sperm total motility (P < 0.001), active progressive motility (P < 0.001), slow progressive motility (P = 0.004), and immotile spermatozoa (P < 0.001) among the different tobacco smoking groups. Furthermore, significant variations have been found in the levels of testosterone, FSH, and LH among the different tobacco smoking groups (P < 0.001). The results showed significant positive correlations between sperm concentration, total motility, active progressive motility, slow progressive motility, and testosterone level (P < 0.001) in smokers.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: The different types of tobacco smoking have negative influences on semen parameters and the levels of testosterone, FSH, and LH of smokers in the Gaza Strip.","PeriodicalId":440576,"journal":{"name":"IUG Journal of Natural Studies","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129449650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of synthesis of mono, bis and tris-1,3,4- oxadiazole and N-substituted-2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4- oxadiazole","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/iugns.31.1/2023/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/iugns.31.1/2023/3","url":null,"abstract":"In this minireview, the method of syntheses of mono, bis and tris-1,3,4-oxadiazole and N-substituted-2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4- oxadiazole is reviewed. To the best of my knowledge, reviews on the mono 1,3,4-oxadiazoles are extensive while now reviews are reported to cover the syntheses of the bis and tris counterparts. The bis and tris 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and N-substituted-2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole and their precursors and derivatives are promising candidates for many different applications in industry notably the medicinal and pharmaceutical industries.","PeriodicalId":440576,"journal":{"name":"IUG Journal of Natural Studies","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132785318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stigma and Daily lives among Patients with Major Depressive Disorder in Gaza Governorates","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/iugns.31.1/2023/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/iugns.31.1/2023/2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The most common cause of diseases and dysfunction worldwide is depression. The issue of stigma is common and frequently arises from misunderstandings and a lack of awareness regarding mental illness.\u0000\u0000Objective: to determine the level of stigma and its effect on depressed patients' daily lives in the Gaza Governorates.\u0000\u0000Methods: 180 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) were chosen, and a stigma scale was used in the descriptive design. In addition to the data on demographic variables, SPSS 25 was employed for statistical analysis in this study.\u0000\u0000Results: The study found no variations at a significant level (0.05) in the development of stigma related to age, and the prevalence rate of perceived stigma is 64.5%. While there were significant differences at a significant level (0.05) in the development of stigma based on gender and differences in favor of women, on the other hand, 78.5% of the participants reported that there is a negative effect of stigma on their daily lives. This means that there was a significant relationship between stigma and the daily lives of depressed patients at a significant level (0.05).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Stigma negatively affects the daily lives of people with depression. Understanding the stigma's roots, sociodemographic characteristics, and complications is essential to creating successful anti-stigma campaigns.","PeriodicalId":440576,"journal":{"name":"IUG Journal of Natural Studies","volume":"2018 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133028865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Adopting UNICEF Maternity Modules on Nursing Students' Knowledge: A Qualitative Study","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/iugns.31.1/2023/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/iugns.31.1/2023/1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Maternal health refers to women's health throughout pregnancy, childbearing, and the postnatal period. every phase should be a positive experience, assuring that women and their babies reach their full potential for health and well-being.\u0000\u0000Aim: The study aims to assess the impact of adopting UNICEF maternity modules on nursing students' knowledge.\u0000\u0000Design: A qualitative study design was used to conduct the study.\u0000\u0000Participants: 40 nursing students participated in the study.\u0000\u0000Methods: Four focus group interviews were conducted on nursing students, two groups of the traditional curriculum, and two groups who adopted the curriculum which was modified according to UNICEF modules for maternity.\u0000\u0000Setting(s): The study was conducted at the Islamic University of Gaza.\u0000\u0000Results: Most of the students who adopted the new curriculum mentioned that they have a lot of knowledge about maternity themes and subthemes while the students from the groups of the traditional curriculum mentioned that they have a knowledge deficit about it.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The adopted curriculum which was modified according to UNICEF modules for maternity, effectively enhanced students' knowledge about maternity concepts.\u0000\u0000Recommendations: Nursing faculties need to modify their curriculum according to UNICEF modules to enhance nursing students' knowledge about maternity as proved by this study’s results, and this study will be a good base for other relevant research activities for nursing research interests.","PeriodicalId":440576,"journal":{"name":"IUG Journal of Natural Studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132621868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geoelectrical Investigation of Groundwater at Northern Gaza Strip, Palestine","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/iugns.30.2/2022/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/iugns.30.2/2022/2","url":null,"abstract":"A vertical electrical sounding survey was carried out in northern Gaza Strip (Gaza City, Jibalya, Bayt Lahya and Bayt Hanun), Palestine to study the groundwater conditions and evaluate its quality and distribution. The survey included twenty-six (26) traverses with variable lengths in the range 200-500 m. The geoelectrical survey revealed that the resistivity of the study area varies in a wide range mostly 9 to 850 Ωm, subdivided into three subsurface zones. The first zone represents the dry sandstone and alluvial that attains the highest resistivities (100-850 Ωm) with variable thicknesses in the range 26-80 m beneath the whole study area. This zone is characterized by the presence of thin layers of clay and silt in some localities that reduced the resistivity to 15-25 Ωm. The second zone represents the fresh water saturated calcareous sandstone (locally named Kurkur) with resistivities in the range 22 -39 Ωm). The thicknesses of this zone is about 55-70 m in the western part of the study area and increased to 110 m in the east. The surface of this zone shows a gentle westward gradient, which indicates a general flow of water towards the Mediterranean Sea. The third zone represents saline water saturation with low resistivities, mostly 9 Ωm -10 Ωm close to the Mediterranean shore, located at 60 m below sea level and 100 m beneath the eastern side of the study area. Beneath the eastern part of the study area, an anomalous low resistivity of 2-3 Ωm is observed within the fresh water zone, which indicates groundwater pollution near the buffer zone caused by agriculture activities and untreated pumped wastewater.","PeriodicalId":440576,"journal":{"name":"IUG Journal of Natural Studies","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129826833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syntheses of N-acylhydrazones of 2-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrobenzohydrazide, and their Conversion into 3-Acetyl-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole","authors":"","doi":"10.33976/iugns.30.2/2022/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/iugns.30.2/2022/4","url":null,"abstract":"N-Acylhydrazones 11-17 were prepared via reaction of 2-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrobenzohydrazide 3 with aromatic aldehydes 4-6 or with aromatic ketone 7 or aliphatic acyclic ketone 8 and cyclic aliphatic ketones 9-10 under reflux in ethanol. Conversion of hydrazide hydrazone 17 into N-acetyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative 19 was achieved via reaction with acetic anhydride 18. The products were characterized by MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The structure of 19 was confirmed by X-ray analysis. Compound 19 was evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity against two microorganisms (S. aureus and E. coli ). The obtained results showed that this compound has good inhibition against the tested bacterial pathogens by micro-dilution method with MIC 15.1 μg.","PeriodicalId":440576,"journal":{"name":"IUG Journal of Natural Studies","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124694557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety among students of Islamic University of Gaza at the time of COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Mysoon K Abu-El-Noor","doi":"10.33976/iugns.30.2/2022/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33976/iugns.30.2/2022/1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has many impacts on individuals’ physical and mental health, including unbearable psychological stress and anxiety.\u0000\u0000Aim: to assess the anxiety level among students of Islamic University of Gaza at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic.\u0000\u0000Methods and materials: A sample of 1121 students from 11 different colleges at the Islamic University of Gaza completed the online questionnaire which conists of demographic data and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7).\u0000\u0000Results: Most of the participants were females (63.2%), single (84.9%), enrolled as regular students (77.7%), not working (88.8%) and not having a chronic disease (97.4%). Results revealed that 33.4% of participants had mild anxiety, 26.3% had moderate and 20% had severe level of anxiety. Reported levels of anxiety were not impacted by age, sex, marital status or year of stduy.\u0000\u0000Conclusion and implication for practice: About half of the participants reported moderate to high levels of anxiety. The new experience of e-learning could be a factor that increased participants’ level of anxiety. Thus, faculty members and other university staff as well as the health care system in the Gaza Strip should pay attention to reduce anxiety levels among students and therefore; prevent its negative consequences. This could be reached by providing online training courses or setting channels of one-to-one online or phone counseling for students to alleviate the negative psychological effects of anxiety and to enhance students’ mental health of stutus.","PeriodicalId":440576,"journal":{"name":"IUG Journal of Natural Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131386140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}