Scientia Medica最新文献

{"title":"Association between screen time and body mass index among university students","authors":"Deivendran Kalirathinam, Tan Hui, Swapneela Jacob, Sathish Kumar Sadagobane, Martin Ebenezer Chellappan","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.3.33149","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: Screen time has been proven to be associated with overweight and obesity among pediatric. However, the relationship between these two variables has not been confirmed among university students in Malaysia who are having increasing screen time. Hence, this study is conducted to examine the association between screen time and body mass index (BMI) among university students.METHODS: A total of 390 university students (female=236, male=154) with a mean age of 20.17 years old were involved in this study. They completed the Screen Time Based Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire for total screen time assessment. Body height and weight were measured to calculate body mass index (BMI).RESULTS: Prevalence of overweight and obesity were not high among university students (12.3% and 4.4%). Male subjects have generally higher BMI compared to female subjects. The smartphone was the most common device owned by subjects (33%). The screen time of subjects was high as there were 97.4% of subjects fell under the category of high screen time (> 2 hours). However, screen time was not significantly associated with BMI (p=0.36). The only variable which associated with screen time was the devices owned by subjects (p=0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Screen time was not significantly associated with BMI among university students. Future study should include the relationship of other factors on BMI among university students.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43277825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycemic control and its impact on oxidative stress biomarkers in type 2 diabetic patients treated with metformin: a cross-sectional analysis","authors":"Ismaila A. Lasisi, Kamoru A. Adedokun, M. Oyenike, M. Muhibi, Ramat T. Kamorudeen, W. Oluogun","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.2.33630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.2.33630","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: Evidence shows that diabetic patients may be predisposed to oxidative stress owing to increased glyco-oxidation and lipid peroxidation processes in consequence of chronic hyperglycemia. However, there is dearth of information whether glycemic control positively affects the antioxidant defense system in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated the potential association between glycemic control and oxidative stress biomarkers in controlled and uncontrolled diabetic states. METHODS: After obtaining ethical clearance, we included patients receiving metformin with glycated hemoglobin A1c ˂7.0% (glycemic control); newly diagnosed T2DM patients without glycemic control with hemoglobin A1c ˃7.0%; and apparently healthy normoglycemic individuals. The following biomarkers were determined: fasting glycemia level, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase activity, catalase activity, total antioxidant capacity and total cholesterol level. The comparisons between the groups were made by ANOVA. RESULTS: The participants were 260 in number: 80 with controlled diabetes, 80 uncontrolled and 100 controls. All participants were between 40 and 71 years old. Fasting glycemia level and hemoglobin A1c showed significant reductions (p<0.05) in controlled T2DM against the uncontrolled T2DM group, all the same both were significantly higher (p<0.05) against the controls. Likewise, malondialdehyde levels showed significant elevations (p<0.05) correspondingly in both uncontrolled and controlled T2DM against the controls, accompanied with significant reductions (p<0.05) in the antioxidative enzyme activities (glutathione peroxidase activity and catalase activity) and total antioxidant capacity levels against the controls. In addition, total cholesterol was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in controlled T2DM against both uncontrolled T2DM and controls, respectively. There were significant correlations between hemoglobin A1c and oxidative stress biomarkers (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: There was no remarkable difference in oxidative stress states between glycemic controlled and uncontrolled T2DM, despite differences in their fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin levels. Our data, therefore, suggest that chronic hyperglycemia and possibly anti-diabetic medicationmay both equally associate with oxidative stress. ","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.2.33630","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45821986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of physical activity on sustained attention: a systematic review","authors":"Mawar Siti Hajar, H. Rizal, Garry Kuan","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.2.32864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.2.32864","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: Physical activity is known for its benefits to improve cognitive functions such as sustained attention. The study aimed to conduct a systematic review on the effects of physical activity on sustained attention. METHODS: Literature search was conducted using databases from Scopus, PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. The date of these published articles ranged from January 2010 to August 2018. RESULTS: A total of thirteen studies using the longitudinal design was selected to be part of this review. Most studies showed positive relationships between physical activity and sustained attention. CONCLUSIONS: Future studies may consider a longitudinal study design to study the effect of physical activity on sustained attention in prolonged time; as well as the corresponding affect with gender, age, motivation and to investigate the relationship between physical activities together with other possible factors that can indirectly affect sustained attention.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.2.32864","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43597444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the complexity of pharmacotherapy on biochemical and pressure parameters in diabetes mellitus","authors":"Matheus Oliveira do Nascimento, Dinayra Oliveira do Nascimento, Carla Solange de Melo Escórcio Dourado","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.2.33175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.2.33175","url":null,"abstract":"OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a complexidade da farmacoterapia no diabetes melito numa unidade basica de saude e investigar eventuais correlacoes com variaveis bioquimicas e pressoricas. METODOS: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo com delineamento transversal, que incluiu todos os individuos com diagnostico primario de diabetes tipo 2 e com prescricao preenchida com pelo menos um antidiabetico oral. A quantificacao da complexidade do regime terapeutico foi realizada conforme o indice da complexidade da farmacoterapia, e este foi correlacionado com variaveis do perfil bioquimico: glicemia capilar, creatinina e filtracao glomerular, e pressorico: pressao arterial sistolica e diastolica, atraves da analise de correlacao de Spearman. RESULTADOS: A media do indice de complexidade da farmacoterapia foi de 9,42±0,48 pontos, sendo mais proeminente na secao B (5,03±2,57). O indice esteve correlacionado com a glicemia capilar (rho=0,538), pressao arterial sistolica (rho=0,520), creatinina (rho=-0,406) e filtracao glomerular (rho=0,566). Esta correlacao foi diretamente proporcional ao aumento da glicemia capilar (p<0,01), pressao arterial sistolica (p<0,01) e filtracao glomerular (p<0,01), e inversamente proporcional a creatinina (p<0,05). CONCLUSOES: Nossos achados revelaram que a polifarmacia no diabete melito contribuiu para a geracao da complexidade da farmacoterapia, resultando em nao adesao ao tratamento prescrito e consequentemente contribuindo, principalmente, para o descontrole glicemico e pressorico.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.2.33175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67078999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodynamic therapy in experimental arthritis induced by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis","authors":"Rodrigo Daniel Genske, E. Loth, Vanessa Cecatto, R. F. Gandra, Cleverson Marcelo Pilatti, M. Costa","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.2.32705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.2.32705","url":null,"abstract":"OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a eficacia da terapia fotodinâmica com Brilliant Blue G no tratamento de um modelo experimental de artrite por Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (P. brasiliensis). METODOS: Apos a inducao de artrite experimental com isolado de P. brasiliensis da linhagem Pb18 nos joelhos de ratos Wistar, os animais foram divididos em grupos e submetidos a terapia fotodinâmica com fotossensibilizador Brilliant Blue G intra-articular e a laserterapia apenas, sem o Brilliant Blue G. Todos os grupos receberam seus respectivos tratamentos do setimo ao 11o dia. Para analise do edema foi mensurado o diâmetro latero-lateral do joelho de cada animal diariamente e apos o periodo de tratamento os animais foram sacrificados para dissecacao do joelho experimental e coleta de sangue para analise por ELISA, a fim de quantificar os niveis de anticorpos anti P. brasiliensis. RESULTADOS: A aplicacao da terapia fotodinâmica foi capaz de impedir a formacao de edema quando comparado ao controle (p>0,005), bem como a producao de anticorpos anti-Gp-43 de P. brasiliensis (p=0,001). No exame anatomopatologico foi possivel observar maior grau de sinovite e maior presenca de granulomas com o fungo em seu interior no grupo que nao recebeu tratamento quando comparado aos grupos que receberam a terapia fotodinâmica. CONCLUSOES: A terapia fotodinâmica foi eficaz para atenuar a artrite experimental induzida por P. brasiliensis no modelo articular proposto.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67078839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avaliação postural de sujeitos com amputação de membro inferior","authors":"V. V. Leite, Lisiane Piazza Luza, Sara Maria Soffiatti Dias, Thamara Caviquioni, Ediane Roberge Zampirolo, Rudney da Silva","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.33103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.33103","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: To evaluate the posture of subjects with lower limb amputee.METHODS: Ten subjects participated in the study, males, with 38,2 ± 8,2 years, with unilateral lower limb amputation and prosthesis users. For the postural evaluation, the Postural Evaluation Software (SAPO) was used, and the images were evaluated according to the software protocol. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics (independent t test), with a significance level of p ≤ 0,05.RESULTS: The main alterations observed were: rearfoot valgus enlargement, flexed ankle, head tilted to the right and trunk in flexion. When compared the posture according to time of amputation, was observed a statistically significant difference in the horizontal asymmetry of scapula in relation to T3 (p = 0,004), being that subjects with amputation time of up to six years presented the left scapula higher than the right one (-5,28 ± 8,16°) and those with more than six years of amputation had the right upper right scapula (19,42 ± 11°). In the comparison between amputation levels, there was a statistically significant difference in the ankle angle (p = 0,008), with subjects with amputation below the knee presenting greater ankle flexion (81,97 ± 1,72°) than those with amputation at the level of the knee and above this (87,30 ± 2,65°).CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study demonstrate that all the evaluated subjects presented some postural alteration, however, it cannot be affirmed that the postural asymmetry of these is due to the amputation.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.33103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47290157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal stress induces long-lasting effects in lung glucocorticoid receptor gene expression in a sex-dependent manner","authors":"C. Luft, N. Campos, M. Vargas, M. Donadio","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.33192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.33192","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: Stressful events during pregnancy may influence respiratory system development, resulting in long-term effects in the offspring. However, little is known on its long-lasting effects upon the expression of important genes in the lungs. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of two different prenatal stress paradigms on lung glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in adulthood.METHODS: Pregnant BALB/c mice were divided into 3 groups: control (CON), prenatal stress from the second week of pregnancy (PNS1) and prenatal stress on the last week of pregnancy (PNS2). In both groups (PNS1 and PNS2), restraint stress was used. When adults, male and female offspring were submitted to 30 min of restraint stress. Lung gene expression of GR was evaluated.RESULTS: There was a significant increase in GR expression in males (PNS1), under basal conditions. Restraint stress during adulthood significantly reduced GR expression in PNS1 and PNS2 males as compared to controls. No significant differences were found for females.CONCLUSION: Results indicate that prenatal stress from the second week of gestation modulates adult male mice GR expression in the lungs. Thus, fetal exposure to maternal stress from the second week of gestation seems to modulate mechanisms responsible for pulmonary development in a sex-dependent manner.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44471554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eficácia da simulação na autoconfiança de estudantes de enfermagem para ressuscitação cardiopulmonar extra-hospitalar: um estudo quase experimental","authors":"G. Barbosa, Caio Guilherme Silva Bias, Lorene Soares Agostinho, Luciana Maria Capurro de Queiroz Oberg, Rafael de Oliveira Lopes, Regina Márcia Cardoso de Sousa","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.32694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.32694","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: To verify the effectiveness of the simulation in the self-confidence of nursing students for extra-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. METHODS: A quasi-experimental, before and after, single-group study, was performed with nursing undergraduate students. The sample was recruited among university students who were in the second or third year of graduation and accepted to participate in the research. The intervention protocol consisted of individual participation in a emergency simulated clinical scenario. The simulated scenario adopted consisted of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in extra-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest, using the Mini Anne Plus® low fidelity manikin. In addition to the sociodemographic variables, students' self-confidence for emergency action was analyzed, evaluated by the Self-Confidence Scale, before and after each simulation. Marginal and homogeneous Wilcoxon homogeneity tests were applied, and the accepted significance level was 5%.RESULTS: Thirteen two undergraduate students in nursing between the ages of 18 and 38 participated in the study. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed in the answers of all the questions of the Self-confidence Scale when compared before and after the simulation. There was also a statistically significant increase (p < 0.001) in cardiological, respiratory and neurological scores after simulation.CONCLUSIONS: The simulation proved to be an effective educational strategy in increasing the self-confidence of nursing students to perform extra-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.32694","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47097778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Satisfação e ajuste à prótese de indivíduos com amputação de membro inferior","authors":"Aline Beatriz Córdova De Souza, Lisiane Piazza Luza, Greicy Kelly Wosniak Pires, Elizandra Gonçalves Ferreira, Sara Maria Soffiatti Dias, Rudney da Silva","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.33075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.33075","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: Evaluate satisfaction and adjustment to the prosthesis of individuals with lower limb amputation.METHODS: Participants were 24 patients with lower limb amputation with 46,1±17,5 years and using the prosthesis for 10,8±8,7 years. A card was used to characterize the individuals and the Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ) to evaluate satisfaction and adjustment to the prosthesis. Data were collected from institutions that serving amputees in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics at a 5% significance level.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the results of the PEQ between individuals when compared to the level of amputation and time using the prosthesis. Regarding the scores between groups with vascular and traumatic amputation, was a significant difference in residual limb health subscale, with higher scores and consequently better health of the residual limb in amputees with vascular causes, besides better higher scores on the scale of satisfaction in these individuals.CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that patients with a vascular cause of amputation are more satisfied with their prosthesis, with the way they walk and how things are from amputation and also have better health of the residual limb in relation to individuals with traumatic amputation. However, the level and time of amputation do not seem to influence the satisfaction and adjustment of the prosthesis.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.33075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43837339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacto da autopercepção de saúde em longevos com incontinência urinária","authors":"L. Jorge, Bruna Borba Neves, Josemara De Paula Rocha, Vivian Ulrich, Ângelo José Gonçalves Bós","doi":"10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.32831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.32831","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: To verify the impact of self-perceived health on the chance of developing urinary incontinence in very-old.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study with elderly individuals aged 90 years and over. The statistical and analytical variables (sex, marital status, continence, age, depressive symptoms, cognition, comorbidities and ability to perform activities) were analyzed analytical and descriptive statistics (frequencies, mean and standard deviation, univariate and health self-perception adjusted logistic regression analysis).RESULTS: There were 182 participants, 71% women. The previous diagnosis of depression, the score of depressive symptoms and the percentage of ease for functional and basic activities were related to self-perception of health (p<0.05). The loss of urine, however, was not related to self-perceived health. The self-perception of health influenced the effect of the variables previous diagnosis of depression, number of depressive symptoms, Mini-Mental State Examination score and number of comorbidities on the chance of urinary incontinence in thepresence of these variables. Males, widowhood and ease of performance of basic and functional activities were significantly related to urinary incontinence regardless of the adjustment of health self-perception.CONCLUSIONS: There was no relationship between urinary incontinence and health self-perception. However, health self-perception influenced the effect of sociodemographic and clinical variables on the chance of having urinary incontinence.","PeriodicalId":44024,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.32831","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46306164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}