MEXICAN STUDIES-ESTUDIOS MEXICANOS最新文献

{"title":"The 1968 Olympic Games: Conflicting Forms of Citizenship and Nation Building in Mexico City","authors":"A. E. Jiménez","doi":"10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.86","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article uses the 1968 Olympic Games as a lens to explore everyday forms of citizenship and nation building in Mexico City. To do so, it contrasts the political objectives of the federal government and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with Mexico City's citizenry. I use archival documents, the press, and semistructured interviews, as well as audiovisual records, to understand from a bottom-up approach the alliances and conflicts among these actors. The article claims that, by engaging with the institutional campaigns of the Olympic Games, the citizenry also took part in the nationbuilding process. At the same time, these interactions reflected debates regarding Mexico's place during the global Cold War in the 1960s.Abstract:En este artículo uso los Juegos Olímpicos de 1968 para analizar las construcciones cotidianas de ciudadanía y nación en la ciudad de México durante los años sesenta. Para ello, contrasto los objetivos políticos del Gobierno federal y el Comité Olímpico Internacional (COI) con los de la ciudadanía capitalina. A partir de documentos de archivo, la prensa, entrevistas semiestructuradas, así como fuentes audiovisuales, busco entender desde una perspectiva histórica desde abajo la formación de alianzas y conflictos entre los actores mencionados. Sostengo que al involucrarse en las campañas institucionales de los Juegos Olímpicos, la ciudadanía participó en la construcción de la nación. Al mismo tiempo, las interacciones entre el COI, el Gobierno y la ciudadanía también reflejaban los debates sobre el posicionamiento de México frente a la Guerra Fría global.","PeriodicalId":44006,"journal":{"name":"MEXICAN STUDIES-ESTUDIOS MEXICANOS","volume":"25 1","pages":"113 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90380731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The COVID-19 Pandemic, the Crisis of Care, and Mexican Immigrants in the United States: A Preliminary Analysis","authors":"Alison Elizabeth Lee, María Eugenia D’Aubeterre Buznego","doi":"10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.170","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the transition from Fordist to flexible accumulation in the last decades of the twentieth century, social reproduction was externalized onto families and communities. In the United States, this \"crisis of care\" was mitigated by the incorporation of illegalized Mexican immigrants' low-cost reproductive labor in private and public services. From a feminist perspective on social reproduction and migration, we argue that the impacts of the COVID-19 economic crisis on Mexican immigrant communities were related to the specific ways that immigrants' labor was incorporated into the circuits of social reproduction. Drawing on interviews with migrants from rural central Mexico in the United States, we analyze how immigrants absorbed the worst effects of the crisis by cheapening their labor, transferring unpaid reproductive labor to other household members, and engaging in informalized activities. Anti-immigrant policies exacerbated the precarious situations of undocumented immigrants and mixed-status Mexican families during the pandemic.Abstract:En la transición del fordismo a la acumulación flexible en las últimas décadas del siglo XX, la reproducción social fue externalizada a las familias y las comunidades. En los Estados Unidos, esta \"crisis de cuidados\" fue mitigada mediante la incorporación de fuerza de trabajo ilegalizada y de bajo costo de los inmigrantes mexicanos en los servicios públicos y privados. Desde una perspectiva feminista de la reproducción social y la migración, argumentamos que los impactos de la crisis económica del COVID-19 en las comunidades de inmigrantes mexicanos estuvieron mediados por la manera en que la fuerza laboral inmigrante fue incorporada en los circuitos de reproducción social. Utilizando entrevistas con migrantes del centro de México establecidos en Estados Unidos, analizamos cómo los inmigrantes absorbieron los peores efectos de la crisis abaratando su mano de obra, delegando trabajo reproductivo a otros miembros del hogar y emprendiendo actividades económicas informales. Las políticas antinmigrantes exacerbaron la precariedad de las familias mexicanas indocumentadas y de estatus mixto durante la pandemia.","PeriodicalId":44006,"journal":{"name":"MEXICAN STUDIES-ESTUDIOS MEXICANOS","volume":"19 1","pages":"170 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90480379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Esenciales pero vulnerables: trabajadores agrícolas mexicanos ante la pandemia del COVID-19 en Estados Unidos","authors":"R. Alarcón, Telésforo Ramírez-García","doi":"10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.114","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Como consecuencia de la pandemia del COVID-19, los trabajadores agrícolas en Estados Unidos fueron definidos por el Gobierno del expresidente Donald Trump como \"trabajadores esenciales\" a pesar de que la mitad de ellos son indocumentados. La mayor parte de estos trabajadores nacieron en México, y tanto los inmigrantes que ya residen en ese país como los que ingresan temporalmente con visas H-2A han continuado laborando para producir alimentos para toda la población. Este artículo analiza la participación laboral de estos trabajadores en Estados Unidos durante la pandemia y las condiciones socioeconómicas y laborales que los hacen especialmente vulnerables a ser infectados por el COVID-19. Los principales hallazgos revelan que, en 2020, los inmigrantes mexicanos, en comparación con el total de trabajadores estadounidenses, tuvieron la participación laboral más alta en actividades económicas consideradas como esenciales. A pesar de haber pasado de la invisibilidad a la visibilidad durante la pandemia, muchos trabajadores constituyen una población altamente vulnerable al coronavirus, especialmente los indocumentados que no cuentan con seguro médico. Asimismo, muchos trabajadores agrícolas poseen distintas comorbilidades, como diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial y obesidad, que constituyen factores de riesgo para el COVID-19.Abstract:As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, agricultural workers in the United States were defined by the administration of former president Donald Trump as \"essential workers,\" despite the fact that half of them are undocumented. Most of these workers were born in Mexico, and both the immigrants who already reside in that country and those who enter the United States temporarily with H-2A visas have continued to work to produce food for the entire population. This article analyzes the labor participation of Mexican immigrants in agricultural work in the United States during the pandemic and the socio-economic and working conditions that make them especially vulnerable to being infected with COVID-19. The study reveals that, in 2020, Mexican immigrants, in comparison with the total number of US workers, had the highest labor-force participation rate in economic activities considered essential. Despite transitioning from invisibility to visibility during the pandemic, many agricultural workers constitute a population that is highly vulnerable to the coronavirus, especially those who are undocumented and do not have health insurance. Moreover, many workers have different comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure and obesity, that constitute risk factors for COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":44006,"journal":{"name":"MEXICAN STUDIES-ESTUDIOS MEXICANOS","volume":"92 1","pages":"114 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83828225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valle Imperial/valle de Mexicali, 1910–28: su impacto en la cuenca del río Colorado y la disputa por los usos sociales","authors":"M. A. López","doi":"10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.60","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:El propósito del artículo es analizar la intensa relación binacional impuesta por las condiciones geográficas en el río Colorado en el reparto del recurso hídrico entre México y Estados Unidos en las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Empresarios, los Gobiernos de Estados Unidos y México, agricultores e ingenieros negociaron, disputaron y entrelazaron sus intereses para tomar decisiones sobre el uso y distribución del agua de este río, a tal punto que las controversias y acuerdos formales todavía tienen peso hasta nuestros días. La historiografía ha privilegiado contextos nacionales y locales para explicar este proceso, un enfoque que ignora la complejidad transnacional que caracterizó la disputa por el recurso del agua y que tuvo implicaciones en el poblamiento y el crecimiento de la sociedad en ambos lados de la frontera. Este ensayo argumenta que es indispensable romper la dicotomía de historiografías nacionales, adoptando un enfoque transnacional para fortalecer la centralidad de un proceso histórico que estuvo enmarcado en el ámbito de las cuencas internacionales.Abstract:The purpose of the article is to analyze the intense binational relationship imposed by the geographic conditions of the Colorado River in the distribution of water resources between Mexico and the United States in the first decades of the twentieth century. Entrepreneurs, the US and Mexican governments, as well as farmers and engineers, negotiated, disputed, and intertwined their interests as they made decisions about the use and distribution of this river's water, to such an extent that the controversies and formal agreements still carry weight to this day. The historiography, however, has privileged national and local contexts to explain this process, an approach that ignores the transnational complexity that characterized the dispute over water resources, which had implications for the population settlements and society growth on both sides of the border. This article argues that it is essential to break the dichotomy of national historiographies by adopting a transnational approach to strengthen the centrality of a historical process framed within the scope of international water basins.","PeriodicalId":44006,"journal":{"name":"MEXICAN STUDIES-ESTUDIOS MEXICANOS","volume":"1 1","pages":"60 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88192471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrative Strategies of Criminal Legitimacy: The Picaresque Novel and the Social-Bandit Myth in Me dicen \"el más loco\": Diario de un idealista","authors":"Marloes Mekenkamp","doi":"10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.35","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article looks at how criminal agents aim to gain legitimacy within the context of the War on Drugs in Mexico. More precisely, it explores the narrative of legitimization presented in Me dicen \"el más loco\", an autobiography of Nazario Moreno González, the leader of the criminal organization La Familia Michoacana. A cultural-studies approach is used to argue that the book combines a Christian version of the social-bandit myth with the narrative strategies of the picaresque novel to legitimize the activities of the group. This article aims to contribute to the larger debate on the powerful imaginary dimension of organized crime in Mexico.Abstract:Este artículo examina cómo agentes criminales buscan ganar legitimidad dentro del contexto de la \"guerra contra el narcotráfico\" en México. Espec íficamente, explora la narrativa de legitimización en Me dicen \"el más loco\", una autobiografía de Nazario Moreno González, el líder de la organización criminal La Familia Michoacana. Desde un enfoque de los estudios culturales, argumenta que el libro combina una versión cristiana del mito del bandido social, con las estrategias narrativas de la novela picaresca para legitimar las actividades de dicha organización. El artículo contribuye al debate sobre la poderosa dimensión imaginaria del crimen organizado en México.","PeriodicalId":44006,"journal":{"name":"MEXICAN STUDIES-ESTUDIOS MEXICANOS","volume":"43 1 1","pages":"35 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83101933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"This woman's resistance to her son's paying tribute\": Afrodescendant Women, Family, and Royal Tribute in New Spain","authors":"Norah L. A. Gharala","doi":"10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article focuses on how women of African descent responded to colonial taxation. From the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries, free Afrodescendants were subject to a royal tribute tax based on their African ancestry. This tribute was also based on genealogy, gender, and family. The article argues that women petitioners referred to their marriages as evidence of their exempt tributary status, as they sought to mitigate the effects of tribute. Without denying their African ancestry, free mulatas asserted their family histories. These petitions caused colonial officials to re-examine what women of African descent owed the Spanish crown.Abstract:Este artículo se centra en la reacción de las mujeres afrodescendientes al régimen fiscal colonial. Desde el siglo XVI al XVIII, los afrodescendientes libres estaban sujetos a un tributo real debido a su ascendencia africana. Este tributo se fundamentaba también en la genealogía, el género y la familia. Este artículo propone que las peticiones de mujeres hicieron referencia a los matrimonios como evidencia de su calidad exenta de tributar como estrategias de reducir los efectos del tributo. Sin negar su ascendencia africana, estas mulatas libres reivindicaban las historias de sus familias. Estas peticiones hicieron que los burócratas reexaminaran las contribuciones de las mujeres afrodescendientes a la Corona española.","PeriodicalId":44006,"journal":{"name":"MEXICAN STUDIES-ESTUDIOS MEXICANOS","volume":"38 1","pages":"10 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41612106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mexican Migrant Farmworkers in Canada: Death, Disposability, and Disruptions during COVID-19","authors":"Evelyn Encalada Grez","doi":"10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.140","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay focuses on Mexican migrant farmworkers employed in the Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program (SAWP) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. During this time, Mexican workers became essential yet expendable while their agricultural employers reaped the material rewards as an essential industry. Through the lens of racialization and structural vulnerability, I explicate how the Mexican and Canadian states facilitated the continuation of capital accumulation in agriculture through the subjugation of Mexican workers. I seek to contribute to the nascent literature on the pandemic in relation to temporary-labor migration programs, Mexican migrant workers, and the racialization of workers to produce a tractable and cheap labor force.Abstract:Este estudio se enfoca en los jornaleros agrícolas mexicanos empleados en el Programa de Trabajadores Agrícolas Temporales (PTAT) durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Canadá. En este periodo, los trabajadores mexicanos se volvieron esenciales, aunque prescindibles, mientras que sus empleadores agrícolas cosecharon beneficios materiales como parte de una industria declarada como esencial. A través del marco de la racialización y la vulnerabilidad estructural, explico cómo los Estados mexicano y canadiense facilitaron la continuación de la acumulación de capital en la agricultura mediante el sometimiento de los trabajadores mexicanos. Este estudio busca contribuir a la literatura incipiente sobre la pandemia en relación con los programas de migración laboral temporal, los migrantes mexicanos y procesos de racialización para la obtención de una mano de obra barata y manejable.","PeriodicalId":44006,"journal":{"name":"MEXICAN STUDIES-ESTUDIOS MEXICANOS","volume":"73 1","pages":"140 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82466736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: Una historia temprana del crimen organizado en los corridos de Ciudad Juárez, by Juan Carlos Ramírez-Pimienta","authors":"Luis Omar Montoya Arias","doi":"10.1525/msem.2022.38.3.515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.3.515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44006,"journal":{"name":"MEXICAN STUDIES-ESTUDIOS MEXICANOS","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76118670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: En tela de juicio: Justicia penal, homicidios célebres y opinión pública (México, siglo XX), by Elisa Speckman Guerra","authors":"Gema Kloppe-Santamaría","doi":"10.1525/msem.2022.38.3.509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.3.509","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44006,"journal":{"name":"MEXICAN STUDIES-ESTUDIOS MEXICANOS","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80072927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: Tastemakers and Tastemaking: Mexico and Curated Screen Violence, by Niamh Thornton","authors":"Mónica García Blizzard","doi":"10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44006,"journal":{"name":"MEXICAN STUDIES-ESTUDIOS MEXICANOS","volume":"375 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80563668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}