Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan最新文献_第8页

Association of Attitude Towards Mental Illness with Exposure to Psychiatry in Medical Students 医学生精神疾病态度与精神病学接触的关系

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5087

N. Azad, Sawera Mansoor, Nadeem Abbas, Qurrat ul Ain

{"title":"Association of Attitude Towards Mental Illness with Exposure to Psychiatry in Medical Students","authors":"N. Azad, Sawera Mansoor, Nadeem Abbas, Qurrat ul Ain","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5087","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Society's attitude towards patients with mental illness has been evolving over the past century and the speed of this evolution has particularly accelerated since the advent of modern ways of communication and media. As with other areas of development, attitude change may be expected to be slow-paced in our country but local evidence is lacking in this regard. Objective: To measure the level of stigma towards mental illness in medical students along with its association with their prior exposure to Psychiatry. Method: This is across-sectional study conducted between May to August 2019 at a private medical college. Consecutive sampling was used to include a total of 247 (71% female and 29% male) students of the fourth and final year MBBS after written informed consent. A specially designed form was used to collect relevant socio-demographic details along with data regarding exposure to Psychiatry. The scores from self-reported Mental Illness: Clinicians' Attitudes scale (MICA)were also recorded. Chi-Square test was used to assess the association of exposure to psychiatry to stigmatizing attitudes. Data were analyzed using SPSS20. Results: Prior exposure to mental illness in family or friend was reported by 60.5% of the students, 70% described an exposure through media and only 32% had undergone a clinical psychiatry rotation. Average stigma scores on MICA were found in 41% of our sample, while 32% had above-average scores and 27% had lower than average stigma. Pearson' schisquare test showed that the previous exposure to mental illness via media sources was found to be significantly associated with lower levels of stigma in medical students (p=","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85810381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validity of Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) in Pediatric Trauma Patients - A Cross Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan 儿科急诊应用研究网络(PECARN)在儿科创伤患者中的有效性——来自巴基斯坦一家三级医院的横断面研究

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-05-23 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i1.4994

Naureen Naseer, N. Kapadia, Sarwat Masud

{"title":"Validity of Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) in Pediatric Trauma Patients - A Cross Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan","authors":"Naureen Naseer, N. Kapadia, Sarwat Masud","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i1.4994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i1.4994","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Head trauma in the pediatric age group is a common presentation in the Emergency Room (ER). The\u0000Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) tool can help an ER clinician to identify pediatric head\u0000trauma patients at very low risk of clinically important traumatic brain injuries (ciTBIs) and avoid unnecessary CT scans.\u0000Objective: To determine the validity of PECARN rule as compared to the head CT (gold standard) in identifying low risk\u0000traumatic brain injury pediatric patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done at Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH) Emergency Department ED. All pediatric head trauma patients were included in this study between 2017-2019. A total of 218 head trauma cases were reviewed which were evaluated for the PECARN criteria. Data were extracted on a prepared data collection form. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS. Chi-square test was used. Results: Among the total 218, 190 cases (87%) had CT scans ordered. Out of these 190 patients 156 (82%) met PECARN criteria, while 34 (18%) were PECARN negative. The sensitivity and specificity of PECARN was calculated as 82% and 33% respectively, with a fair level of agreement with CT scan based on Kappa statistics. Conclusion: PECARN has a higher sensitivity but lower specificity in comparison to CT scan. ","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80938470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementation of National Licensing Examination (NLE) and its Impact on Global Healthcare: A Systematic Review 国家执业资格考试(NLE)的实施及其对全球医疗保健的影响:系统回顾

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5022

Shehzad Saleem, S. Afzal

{"title":"Implementation of National Licensing Examination (NLE) and its Impact on Global Healthcare: A Systematic Review","authors":"Shehzad Saleem, S. Afzal","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5022","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A license required for full practice - National licensing examinations (NLEs) are required in most of the countries with well-established medical regulatory authorities. Objective: This systematic review aims to investigate the impact of NLEs after their implementation worldwide. Methods: Systematic review designed as per Kane's validity framework developed by Olivary et al. by exploring online databases such as: Wiley Online, Embase Medline (EBSCO); PubMed; JSTOR; Google Scholar and Science Direct; from \u0000January 2005 to December 2020. Results: NLE exams and better patient outcomes (communication, satisfaction) are positively related and such exams help in development of a common medical curriculum and a better post-graduation entry point. Conclusions: In the present era, where more medical graduates are flying all across the globe for employment than ever before, NLE is becoming inevitable and helps to ensure that medical training satisfies a minimum standard of quality, which varies among Medical schools and colleges within a country and globally. Continual improvement is crucial for the identification of gaps in the medical licensing exams. The license holders must comply with National authorities and stay active in academic and clinical activities to stay licensed.","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90407560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Pregnancy Outcome in Acute Viral Hepatitis E 急性病毒性戊型肝炎的妊娠结局

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-05-09 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5006

Rashida Sultana, S. Humayun, Sofia Manzoor, S. Humayun

{"title":"Pregnancy Outcome in Acute Viral Hepatitis E","authors":"Rashida Sultana, S. Humayun, Sofia Manzoor, S. Humayun","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis E is associated with poor feto-maternal outcome. Patients with acute hepatitis E who are pregnant usually require hospital admission and monitoring with liver function tests and clotting profile. Objective: To evaluate maternal and fetal outcome among pregnant women who have positive serology for hepatitis E IgM. Methods: Data of women with clinical presentation of jaundice during pregnancy and who were diagnosed as acute hepatitis E was collected on pre-structured questionnaire after obtaining consent. Data were entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences for analysis. Results: Three hundred and thirty three women had positive serology for hepatitis E IgM. Out of these three hundred were in last trimester of their pregnancy. The gestational age of two hundred and thirty two (77%) women was less than 37 weeks at presentation. Six (2%) pregnancies ended up in miscarriage, fifty four (16 %) had fetal demise in maternal womb while two hundred and seventy three (82%) were viable fetus. One third of live born babies were kept in NICU. Indications of neonatal admission were respiratory distress in 57(72%), jaundice neonatorum in 12(15%), asphyxia neonatorum in 9(12%), while one (1%) had transient tachypnea. Neonates who died in first week of their life were 18(23%).The cause of neonatal death was respiratory distress in 12 (67%) and anoxia in remaining 6 (33%) neonates. Most of the women were discharged home however maternal mortality was recorded in 80(24%) patients, mainly in postpartum period 73(91%). Conclusion: Pregnant women with acute hepatitis E have more complicated course of this viral infection with adverse fetal and maternal implications.","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82582928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Sublingual & Per Rectal Misoprostol versus Oxytocin in the Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage 米索前列醇与催产素在预防产后出血中的作用比较

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-05-09 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5029

Wafa Najeeb, Rabia Shahid, Sadia Sharif, Sana Danish, A. Masood, Mansab Ali

{"title":"Comparison of Sublingual & Per Rectal Misoprostol versus Oxytocin in the Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage","authors":"Wafa Najeeb, Rabia Shahid, Sadia Sharif, Sana Danish, A. Masood, Mansab Ali","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: \u0000Background: Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) is the most common reason of maternal death globally. Misoprostol and oxytocin are two first line and effective management protocols. But controversies exist in literature. For that matter, this study was conducted. \u0000Objectives: To compare the frequency of postpartum hemorrhage with per rectal misoprostol in relation to intramuscular oxytocin in females undergoing normal vaginal delivery at term. \u0000Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from 01-01-2019 to 01-12-2019. Patients were divided randomly into equal halves through the lottery method. Group A received Misoprostol and group B received Oxytocin. Medications were administered within one minute of clamping and the cutting of cord. During 24 hours, soaked pads were evaluated for blood loss and total blood loss was calculated. If blood loss>500ml, then PPH was labeled. \u0000Results: Mean age of women in Group A and in Group-B were 29.11±6.67 and 29.23±6.70 years. The mean gestational age for Group A came as 39.60±1.78 weeks and for Group-B, it was 39.53±1.72. In Group-A 24(15.7%) and in Group-B 59(38.6%) women suffered from PPH. PPH was significantly lower in comparison to the women in Group-B. Pvalue=0.000. \u0000Conclusion: Results of this study showed that use of per rectal Misoprostol is more suitable and effective in the prevention of Post-partum hemorrhages compared to oxytocin in females undergoing normal vaginal delivery at term.","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75575603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ischemic Colitis induced by COVID-19: A Case Report COVID-19致缺血性结肠炎1例

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5007

U. Rabbani, Abdulrhman Aldukhayel, Abdulhamid F. Alresheedi

引用次数: 0

Osteolytic Skull Lesions: Rare Finding in a Patient Presenting with Clinical Features of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) With Unknown HIV Status 溶骨性颅骨病变:罕见发现的患者表现为进行性多灶性脑白质病(PML)的临床特征与未知的HIV状态

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5021

Safia Bano, Zomer Sardar, M. Kalim, A. Numan

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Low Dose Albumin Versus Full Dose Albumin in Improving Refractory Ascites in Cirrhotic Patients 低剂量白蛋白与全剂量白蛋白改善肝硬化难治性腹水的比较

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5015

Maaz Ahmed, Zafar Niaz, S. Mumtaz, S. Lodhi, Aneeza Munir, S. Abaidullah

{"title":"Comparison of Low Dose Albumin Versus Full Dose Albumin in Improving Refractory Ascites in Cirrhotic Patients","authors":"Maaz Ahmed, Zafar Niaz, S. Mumtaz, S. Lodhi, Aneeza Munir, S. Abaidullah","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Refractory ascites is one of the most important complications of cirrhosis & albumin is considered highly effective in controlling it. Objective: To compare efficacy of 10g albumin versus 20g albumin in improving refractory ascites in cirrhotic patients. \u0000Methods: This randomized control trial was conducted at department of Gastroenterology, Mayo hospital Lahore for 12 months. After ethical approval, 60 patients of chronic liver disease with refractory ascites were included in the study & were divided into two groups. Group A was administered with 20g albumin whereas; group B was given 10g albumin. Both groups were followed for next 3 days by measuring change in weight, abdominal girth and urine output. Data was analyzed by using SPSS v-21. Results: There was no considerable difference between two groups regarding change in weight, abdominal girth and urine output. There was no significant difference in albumin response for both the groups in reducing ascites (p=0.6022). Conclusion: Low dose albumin is as effective as full dose albumin for reducing refractory ascites among cirrhotic patients. \u0000","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73029977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Behavioural Determinants for Hand Hygiene Practices among Primary School Children during COVID-19 Pandemic COVID-19大流行期间小学生手部卫生习惯的行为决定因素

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5019

M. T. Rana, M. Afzal, M. Hamid

{"title":"Behavioural Determinants for Hand Hygiene Practices among Primary School Children during COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"M. T. Rana, M. Afzal, M. Hamid","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i1.5019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Children acquire SARS CoV-2 infection from their family members but they experience mild symptoms. Hand washing promotion programs are being executed in many countries to enhance child healthcare development. Objective: This study was designed to identify behavioural determinants to increase hand washing practices among primary school children during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted by the Department of Pediatrics, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital, Lahore from June to November 2020. Total of 195 mothers of primary school children were enrolled by non-probability consecutive sampling. A 23-item, 5 points likert scale questionnaire assessed 5 domains related to handhygiene. Data was entered in SPSS 24. Domains were presented as frequency tables. Independent sample t-test was applied to 8 mean score of sub-category of each domain, and to cumulative mean score of each domain. A cut off mean score of ≥3 was taken as satisfactory. Results: We found satisfactory mean scores amongst mothers for knowledge regarding the importance of hand-washing (3.59±0.62), and commitment regarding maintenance of hand-hygiene (3.44±0.773). Better mean score for liking hand washing with alcohol rub/sanitizer than with soap and water (3.14±1.063 versus 1.10±1.229) was seen. Children reported not feeling dirty if they did not practice hand-hygiene (2.99±1.195). Elders in the households promoted hand-washing, but lacked practicing it themselves (3.48±0.881 versus 2.85±1.242). There was below satisfactory mean score for hand-hygiene amongst children after sneezing, coughing, blowing their nose, or playing (2.50±1.253, 2.23±1.265, 2.27±1.301, 2.83±1.280 respectively). Norm and self-efficacy factors had adequate overall scores (3.17±0.84, 3.17±0.65). The total score for this study was 2.8759±0.419. Conclusion: We found satisfactory mean scores for risk, attitudes, norms, ability, and self-regulation factors of handhygiene among primary school children.","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88647071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mast Cells Released Inflammatory Markers Play a Vital Role in Mandibular Remodeling of Odontogenic Keratocyst Patients 肥大细胞释放的炎症标志物在牙源性角化囊肿患者的下颌重塑中起重要作用

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i1.4991

Z. Malik, A. Mirza, M. Akram, Adnan Arshad, A. Kiyani

{"title":"Mast Cells Released Inflammatory Markers Play a Vital Role in Mandibular Remodeling of Odontogenic Keratocyst Patients","authors":"Z. Malik, A. Mirza, M. Akram, Adnan Arshad, A. Kiyani","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i1.4991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i1.4991","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) falls among the distinctive and rare odontogenic developmental cyst which is derivative of the dental lamina and contains clear fluid along with a cheesy material which resembles keratin debris. Treatment strategies for OKC are for the most part classified as conservative or aggressive. Mast Cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions. Objective: The goal of our study was to observe the participation of inflammatory mediators (RANKL, TNF-α, TGF-β and MMP-9) in the pathogenesis as well as the recovery process of OKC. Methods: Enrolled patients were divided into three groups while a fourth group was formed of the control individuals. Sampling of all groups was done once after required data collection. Blood samples were taken, mRNA extraction and cDNA was then subjected to qRT-PCR. IHC for mast cells was done on patient samples. Results: qRT-PCR showed higher expressions of inflammatory markers in patients undergoing treatment as compared to individuals with completed treatment procedure. Levels of RANKL were high in patients that were currently undergoing bone development as compared to other patients. The levels of TNF-α were comparatively higher in patients who showed visible signs of inflammation like swelling and pain. TGF-β and MMP-9 expression levels showed correlation with each other in all three groups. Both these cytokines were also found to be in association with mast cells. The results of histochemical staining of mast cells suggested the involvement of these cells in the pathogenesis of the cystic lesion via inflammation. Conclusions: The findings of the study suggest that the expressions of inflammatory mediators correlate with the presence of mast cells, therefore, application of mast cells stabilizers in addition to marsupialization in the treatment of OKC can be a prospective treatment strategy in future clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88801451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0