Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan最新文献_第7页

Maternal Anemia and Risk of Small for Gestational Age 母体贫血和胎龄小的风险

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5084

Sana Tariq, Basma Zia Isran, S. Kiani, Rabiya Shabir

{"title":"Maternal Anemia and Risk of Small for Gestational Age","authors":"Sana Tariq, Basma Zia Isran, S. Kiani, Rabiya Shabir","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5084","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Anemia in pregnancy results in impaired oxygen transport to the fetus and may result in intrauterine growth Retardation, low birth weight, small for gestational size, and neonatal death. Objective: This study is to assess the risk of small for gestational age in anemic pregnant females. Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study, Data was gathered from April 2019- to July 2020, all pregnant females registered in the gynecology department of Life-line hospital during the study were enrolled after signing informed consent. After laboratory investigation participants were divided into two groups, Group A had non-anemic and group B had anemic \u0000females. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Continuous data is interpreted as mean and standard deviation. To assess the correlation between categorical variables chi-square test was performed, p-value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: A total of 500 participants were included in the study, 21-25 years mothers were reported as non-anemic and anemic with frequency of 165 and 100 respectively, While 25-30 years were 218 and 107 respectively. Gravidity of participants indicated a higher prevalence of anemia in mothers of 1 – 3 children with 156/302 participants falling in the category of parity 1-3. To assess the odds of getting SGA as a fetal outcome in anemic mothers, the OR test was performed and the result indicated a positive ratio (1.4) Conclusion: This study indicated a higher prevalence rate of small for gestational age in anemic mothers as compared to non-anemic, expressing the need for better nutritional and psychological assessments of reproductive-age females in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89462731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Pathogenesis of Neurological Disorders and Brain Fog in Post-COVID19 Syndrome (PCS) 新冠肺炎后综合征(PCS)神经系统疾病和脑雾的发病机制

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5113

M. Bukhari, Shumaila Liaqat, Maedeh Goodarzain

引用次数: 0

The Sustainable Development Goals: A Way Forward for Pakistan 可持续发展目标:巴基斯坦的前进之路

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5079

S. Afzal, K. Junaid

{"title":"The Sustainable Development Goals: A Way Forward for Pakistan","authors":"S. Afzal, K. Junaid","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5079","url":null,"abstract":"The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted globally in September 2015 as a set of universal and transformative goals and targets to be implemented by 2030. The 17 development goals include 169 concise, global, and applicable to all countries; developing and developed—the SDGs address three interconnected dimensions: social, economic, and environmental. Health is interconnected with social, economic, and developmental/environmental determinants. 1 The SDGs include 244 indicators related to the five Ps: People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace, and Partnership. The SDGs are more comprehensive and people-centered than the MDGs, with the commitment to & quot; leave no one behind, & quot; i.e., reach vulnerable populations. Among the SDGs, Goal 3 directs countries to & quot; Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all ages & quot;; SDG3 includes 13 targets, four of which address implementation. 2 Thirteen SDGs are related to health and well-being and may be informed by less than 169 indicators. SDG 3 addresses chronic diseases, tobacco, alcohol, narcotics use, mental health, road safety, and pollution. However, health is not solely a component of Goal 3. Throughout the majority of the SDGs, some targets have a direct or indirect effect on health gains and thus require special consideration when developing strategies, policies, and plans to achieve the health goal and monitor progress. 2,3","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77345140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictability of Computerized Tomography as Compared to Ureteroscopy in Detection of Ureteric Stone in Patients with Indwelling Stents 与输尿管镜检查相比，计算机断层扫描对留置支架患者输尿管结石的可预测性

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5082

Nawaz Rashid, Zi Rehman, I. H. Dogar, K. Hashmi, Fareeha Nawaz

{"title":"Predictability of Computerized Tomography as Compared to Ureteroscopy in Detection of Ureteric Stone in Patients with Indwelling Stents","authors":"Nawaz Rashid, Zi Rehman, I. H. Dogar, K. Hashmi, Fareeha Nawaz","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5082","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The current gold standard for the diagnosis of ureteric stones in patients with a stent in situ is ureteroscopy but this study is planned to determine the positive predictive value of computerized tomography (CT) scan among such patients. Methods: This study involved patients who had ureteral stent in situ and were referred for re-evaluation of residual stones after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. These patients underwent CT-scan for detection of ureteric stone. Later on, ureteroscopy was performed and ureteric stone was confirmed on direct visualization. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.2±8.9 years. Male to female ratio of 1.7:1. CT scan shows a stone in 252 patients (70.2%) out of which 165 (46.0%) were confirmed on ureteroscopy. This yielded a sensitivity of 88.7 %, specificity of 49.7 %, positive predictive value of 65.5%, negative predictive value of 80.4% and diagnostic accuracy of 69.9% of CT \u0000for detecting ureteric calculi in patients with ureteric stents (p value < 0.0001). Conclusion: CT scan owing to its limited diagnostic accuracy cannot replace ureteroscopy for detection of ureteric stones in patients with ureteric stents.","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77699670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intralesional Metronidazole (5%) VS Intralesional Meglumine Antimonate in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis 皮肤利什曼病的局部注射甲硝唑(5%)VS局部注射锑酸甲胺

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5107

Ayasha Iram, Raheel Tahir, A. Akhtar, Madiha Mariam, Zahra Zafar

{"title":"Intralesional Metronidazole (5%) VS Intralesional Meglumine Antimonate in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis","authors":"Ayasha Iram, Raheel Tahir, A. Akhtar, Madiha Mariam, Zahra Zafar","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5107","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease that causes skin infections around the world through the bite of sand fly. This leads to the formation of cutaneous leishmaniasis and scars on the area that a cosmetically significant. Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intralesional metronidazole (5%) in comparison with intralesionalmeglumineantimonate in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Methods: In the current study 40 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis having upto 3 lesions on either upper limb, lower \u0000limb or trunk with a maximum diameter of 3cm in the longest dimension were included in the study and were randomly allocated to either group A (intralesional meglumineantimonate) or group B (intralesional metronidazole). Both treatments were given as intralesional injections on weekly basis, for 12 weeks. Patients were assessed and clinical photographs of the site of treatment were taken on every visit. The response was recorded according to the reduction in the size of the lesion, flattening of the lesion, change in colour, re-epithelialization and disappearance of signs of inflammation. More than 80% improvement to complete resolution of the lesion was considered as a cure. Results: At the end of 12 weeks of treatment 18 out of 20 (90%) patients in treatment group A (intralesional meglumine antimonite) were cured (mean 1.10, SD 0.308), while15 out of 20 (75%) patients responded to the treatment with intralesional metronidazole (mean 1.25, SD 0.444). Although, group A patients had a better cure rate than group B patients but the response to both treatments was found statistically significant and the p-value was 0.0001. Conclusion: This study denoted that cutaneous leishmaniasis best responds to intralesional meglumineantimonate butintralesional metronidazole is found to be a safe and effective alternative treatment for this chronic ailment.","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90795247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cannabis Abuse among Patients with Schizophrenia 精神分裂症患者的大麻滥用

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5081

Ammara Butt, Fur Haider, F. Saleem, M. Iftikhar, Farast Ali Dogar, Aamir Hamid

{"title":"Cannabis Abuse among Patients with Schizophrenia","authors":"Ammara Butt, Fur Haider, F. Saleem, M. Iftikhar, Farast Ali Dogar, Aamir Hamid","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5081","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cannabis is the most frequently used substance among patients of schizophrenia. Past deliberate surveys have reported a strong association between cannabis abuse and schizophrenia. However; the whole frequency of cannabis abuse among schizophrenia patients remains ambiguous, as do the variables influencing this rate. Because cannabis abuse in schizophrenia is presently an active area of research, so there is a requirement for a fresh review particularly in our culture where studies are lacking on this topic. Objective: The current study explores the frequency of cannabis abuse among patients suffering from schizophrenia presenting in a tertiary care hospital of Lahore. Methods: Cross-sectional prospective research design was used. Sample of 381 diagnosed patients of schizophrenia using cannabis for at least one year was selected from Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, by convenient sampling technique. Drug Abuse \u0000Screening Test was applied for the frequency of cannabis abuse. The data were stored and analysed in SPSS version 20. Results: The results revealed that cannabis abuse was present among 42.3% of the patients with schizophrenia. Chi-square analysis showed that there were significant differences among the frequencies of cannabis abuse regarding various age groups, where young age group had significantly higher ratio of cannabis abuse (p=.04). On using independent sample t-test for marital status and duration of the schizophrenia, it was found that cannabis abuse was significantly higher among unmarried patients (t=-4.24, p=.001), however, no significant differences were found for duration of schizophrenia (t=-1.50, p=0.43). Conclusion: The study highlights cannabis abuse is more prevalent in the males as compared to the females. Young age group of patients is more prone to cannabis. These findings can help to decrease the comorbidity of schizophrenia associated with cannabis abuse.","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77358703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outcomes of Suturing Triangular Shaped Trabeculectomy Flap Using Single Versus Double Suture Techniques 单双缝线技术缝合三角形小梁切除术瓣的效果

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5090

Z. Kamil, Qirat Qurban, Shehla Dareshani

{"title":"Outcomes of Suturing Triangular Shaped Trabeculectomy Flap Using Single Versus Double Suture Techniques","authors":"Z. Kamil, Qirat Qurban, Shehla Dareshani","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5090","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A gold standard surgical technique, trabeculectomy is used in the management of glaucoma which is not controlled medically to lower the intraocular pressure (IOP) by creating a conduit via the sclera via which aqueous humor passes into the subconjunctival space through the anterior chamber. Objective: This study assesses the reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) with two suturing techniques during trabeculectomy with a triangular shaped scleral flap. Method: This study was carried out from January 2019 to June 2019 at BHY Hospital, Karachi and engaged patients belonging to either gender between 40 to 60 years of age. Patients included had primary open angle glaucoma with IOP > 24 mmHg despite full medical treatment. Patients having other types of glaucoma or previous history of undergoing trabeculectomy were excluded from the study. Trabeculectomy with triangular shaped scleral flap was performed on patients of both the groups with the difference being the number of sutures placed and their site. In group A, flap was approximated using a single suture, applied at the apex of the triangular tip, whereas two sutures were passed in group B on each side of the triangle close to the flap apex. Results: The study comprised a total of twenty-four patients divided in two equal groups. Mean age was 49.3±3.61 years. Mean pre-operative IOP in all the patients was 26.9±1.48 mmHg whereas post-operative mean IOP at the end of follow up was 14.0±2.08mmHg in group A and 15.1±1.67mmHg in group B patients (p = 0.181). Two patients of group A reported \u0000hypotony in the immediate postoperative period which was managed conservatively where as one patient from group A and one patient from group B required revision surgery owing to episcleral fibrosis. Conclusion: Both techniques were found to be equally effective for lowering the IOP with similar minimal risk profile.","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79036176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Versatile but Undermined Role of the Nursing Profession Needs the Attention of Health Planners and other Stakeholders 护理专业的多用途但被削弱的作用需要卫生规划者和其他利益相关者的关注

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5104

S. Anwar

引用次数: 0

Histological Spectrums in Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tissue 经尿道膀胱组织切除术的组织学谱分析

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5088

Q. Javaid, F. Kamal, M. Iqbal, A. Naz, M. Iqbal, Farah Kalsoom

{"title":"Histological Spectrums in Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tissue","authors":"Q. Javaid, F. Kamal, M. Iqbal, A. Naz, M. Iqbal, Farah Kalsoom","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5088","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urinary bladder carcinoma is more common in elderly males than females. Urothelial (Transitional cell) carcinoma is the most common histological subtype. Objective: The purpose of present study was to describe the different histological features observed in transurethral resection of bladder tissue and to determine the association of tumor grade with stage and also of the age with grade and stage of tumor. Methods: An analytical Cross sectional study, conducted in the Department of Pathology Fatima Jinnah Medical University Lahore, Pakistan from August 2019 – April 2021. Total 80 specimens of transurethral resection of bladder tissue (TURBT) \u0000were included. All the specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and stained with Hemotoxylin Eosin stain and studied under the light microscope. urinary bladder malignancies were classified, staged and graded according to the WHO/ISUP guidelines. Results: Total n=80 cases were included in the study. Mean age of the male patients was 59± 1.13 years and 50±1.1 years in females. N=76(95%) were malignant and only 4 (5%) were benign cases. Out of 76(95%) malignant cases, 48 (63.1%) were high grade urothelial carcinoma and 28 (36.8%) were low grade carcinoma. N=33 (43.4%) were invading the lamina propria (T1) and 43 (56.5%) were invading the detrusor muscle (T2).Low grade tumors showed lamina propria invasion (T1) in 18 (64.2%) cases and muscular invasion (T2) was seen in only 10(35.7%) cases. N=33(68.7%) of high grade tumor were invading the deep muscle (T2) and 15 (31.2%) were limited to lamina propria (T1). Tumor with high grade morphology were diagnosed at advanced stage and was observed more frequent in elderly patients. Statistically significant association of tumor histological grade with stage and also of patient's age with tumor grade and stage was observed p","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87106503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correlation of Radiological Findings (High Resolution Computed Tomography Chest) with Anti-SARS-COV-2 Antibodies in Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Hospitals 三级医院患者胸片影像学表现(高分辨率ct)与抗sars - cov -2抗体的相关性

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Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5092

A. Jaleel, Mazhar Shafique, Samar Asim, Kiran Namoos, Sadaf Saleem Uppal, Saleem Pervaiz

{"title":"Correlation of Radiological Findings (High Resolution Computed Tomography Chest) with Anti-SARS-COV-2 Antibodies in Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Hospitals","authors":"A. Jaleel, Mazhar Shafique, Samar Asim, Kiran Namoos, Sadaf Saleem Uppal, Saleem Pervaiz","doi":"10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5092","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus (COVID 19) pandemic has taken so many lives and has contributed to an increase in morbidity due to its complications. The research is still in infancy and much has yet to be investigated. Objective: To correlate the HRCT findings on chest with antibody testing in patients visiting tertiary care hospitals in Lahore. Methodology: Three hundred and thirty-two patients with mild, moderate and severe symptoms of COVID 19 were recruited. Those with raised CRP levels were sent for HRCT chest and PCR testing as protocol of the hospitals. All patients were tested with Rapid antibody kits for reactivity. Results: Showed that males were affected more than females. Similarly, non-health care workers were more affected. All patients with bilateral involvement of lungs on HRCT chest and positive PCR findings also tested reactive on antibody testing. However, a few people with bilateral lung involvement and negative on PCR testing got reactive results on Rapid antibody testing. Linear regression model shows significant correlation of HRCT chest findings with Ant-SARC- COV 2 antibodies. Conclusion: HRCT findings (Unilateral and bilateral lung infiltrates) correlated significantly with Anti SARC-COV 2 Antibodies.","PeriodicalId":43918,"journal":{"name":"Annals of King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87986441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0