International Journal of Surgery Open最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of HER2 overexpression in gastric adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological correlation: a prospective study from Bir Hospital, Nepal.","authors":"Bikash Chandra Sah, Jainendra Kumar Chaudhary, Sharad Pokhrel, Indra Kumar Jha, Niroj Banepali, Sundar Shrestha, Shree Krishna Shrestha","doi":"10.1097/IO9.0000000000000378","DOIUrl":"10.1097/IO9.0000000000000378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastric adenocarcinoma remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in Nepal. Trastuzumab, in the ToGA trial, has been shown to improve overall survival in HER2-overexpressing patients, with overexpression observed in approximately 22.1%. However, population-level data on HER2 status in Nepalese patients are conspicuously lacking, hindering informed clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study was conducted at Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, from January 2025 to January 2026. Fifty-eight patients with histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma, including Siewert type III gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) tumors, were enrolled consecutively. HER2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). An IHC score of 3+ was classified as positive; scores of 0, 1+, and 2+ were designated as negative. Fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization testing was not performed for IHC 2+ cases due to resource constraints. Clinicopathological associations were analyzed using SPSS version 26, with significance set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort comprised 58 patients (mean age 61.2 ± 12.54 years; range 25-86), with a male predominance of 70.7%. Tumors were predominantly antro-pyloric (62.1%), poorly differentiated (67.2%), and locally advanced (T3/T4 in 91.4%; stage III/IV in 81.0%). HER2 overexpression (IHC 3+) was detected in six patients (10.3%). A statistically significant association was observed between HER2 positivity and advanced T stage (<i>P</i>-value < 0.05), with rates rising progressively from 0% in T2 to 30.8% in T4b tumors. Non-significant patterns favoring HER2 positivity were observed for proximal/GEJ location and male sex. No significant associations were identified with age, BMI, histological grade, distant metastasis, or overall disease stage (all <i>P</i>-values > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HER2 positivity (10.3%) in this Nepalese single-center series is lower than globally reported rates, likely reflecting the predominance of distal, poorly differentiated tumors in this cohort. Multicenter, larger-scale studies are warranted to validate these findings and refine HER2's prognostic and predictive role in the Nepalese population.</p>","PeriodicalId":43872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Open","volume":"64 4","pages":"218-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13378747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-surgical functional outcomes in patients exhibiting different topographical variants of Lumber epidural varicose veins: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Kayode Agboola, Bipin Chaurasia, Eugene Slinko","doi":"10.1097/IO9.0000000000000383","DOIUrl":"10.1097/IO9.0000000000000383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lumbar epidural varicose veins (LEVVs) are an uncommon yet clinically significant cause of lumbar radiculopathy, with an incidence between 0.067% and 1.2%. These venous dilations within the epidural space can compress neural structures, leading to pain and functional impairment. This study aimed to evaluate postoperative functional outcomes in patients with distinct topographical variants of LEVV - diffuse (DVV), local (LVV), and segmental (SVV) - across two time intervals to assess the evolution of clinical management and recovery trends.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from two distinct cohorts: Data Set A (1999-2005, <i>n</i> = 100) and Data Set B (2006-2020, <i>n</i> = 150). All patients had surgically confirmed LEVV and documented preoperative and 6-month postoperative functional assessments. Functional outcomes were measured using the Oswestry Disability Index. Descriptive statistics and inferential analyses (chi-square and paired <i>t</i>-tests) were performed using SPSS version 27, with statistical significance set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Functional outcomes differed significantly between the two time periods. In Data Set A, the mean disability score was 18%, with no significant association between varicose vein type (VVT) and functionality (<i>P</i> = 0.979). In contrast, Data Set B demonstrated a higher mean disability score of 41% and a significant association between VVT and functional status (<i>P</i> = 0.014). Activities most affected by vein type included sitting, sleeping, and sexual life preoperatively, as well as standing and sexual life postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diffuse varicose veins were consistently associated with greater postoperative disability compared to local and segmental variants, emphasizing the prognostic relevance of anatomical classification in surgical outcomes. The findings underscore the need for tailored surgical strategies and standardized long-term follow-up to optimize functional recovery in LEVV patients. Further multicentric prospective studies are warranted to validate these observations and refine management protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":43872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Open","volume":"64 4","pages":"204-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13378749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary trigeminal neuralgia: an in-depth review of etiopathology, clinical manifestations, and management approaches.","authors":"Furqan R Hassooni, Ali Tarik Abdul Wahid, Humam L Hammoud, Sara H Salah, Abbas F Abdul Hussein, Sajad Sh Hamza, Ali Hussain Hashim, Aya A Shimal, Brandon M Scenzi, Bipin Chaurasia","doi":"10.1097/IO9.0000000000000352","DOIUrl":"10.1097/IO9.0000000000000352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary trigeminal neuralgia (STN) results from an identifiable underlying pathology, including tumor compression, multiple sclerosis, arteriovenous malformations, hypertension, structural lesions, inflammation, trauma, or familial genetic conditions. This study, through a comprehensive review of the literature in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, explores the multifaceted aspects of STN. This study delves into the diverse etiological factors, focusing on the pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to trigeminal nerve dysfunction. The clinical manifestations of STN often overlap with those of primary trigeminal neuralgia, creating diagnostic challenges and necessitating a thorough evaluation that includes detailed history-taking, advanced neuroimaging, and differential diagnosis to pinpoint the secondary cause. The management of STN is complex and tailored to address the underlying etiology. Pharmacological treatments and surgical interventions such as microvascular decompression (MVD), lesion resection, or gamma knife radiosurgery may be needed. Emerging neuromodulation techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and deep-brain stimulation, have shown promise in refractory cases, particularly for STN associated with multiple sclerosis or structural lesions. This review emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to managing STN, integrating neurological, surgical, and rehabilitative strategies to optimize patient outcomes. This finding highlights the need for further research into the role of advanced neuromodulation techniques and novel therapeutic targets to improve the quality of life of patients with STN. By providing a detailed overview of the STN, this study aims to contribute to a better understanding and management of this debilitating condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":43872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Open","volume":"64 2","pages":"130-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13011947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcutaneous fat thickness as a risk factor for surgical site infection following open appendectomy.","authors":"Sagar Gyawali, Dinesh Shahi, Anil Singh Badal, Ashok Kumar Rokaya, Gyanesh Chaudhary, Lilamani Rajthala, Hema Joshi, Sanjaya Paudyal","doi":"10.1097/IO9.0000000000000330","DOIUrl":"10.1097/IO9.0000000000000330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency. Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major cause of morbidity after appendectomy. Obesity is one of the risk factors for the occurrence of SSI. Subcutaneous fat thickness (SCFT) and Body mass index are markers for obesity. SCFT is easily readable and non-invasive marker and helps to predict the adiposity of the incision site. This study aims to find the association of SCFT with the occurrence of SSI in patients undergoing open appendectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective study is patients undergoing emergency open appendectomy. The study was conducted from June 2022 to May 2023. Preoperative SCFT at McBurney's point was measured by ultrasonography in 150 patients and these patients were followed up till 1 month in the post-operative period to watch for the occurrence of SSI. The data was analyzed using EPI-INFO 7 and EZR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study included a total of 150 patients. Most of the patients fell in the age group of 20-30 years. The male population was slightly higher than the female. SSI occurred in 24% of the population. Out of these, 21.3% were superficial type and 2.67% were deep type of SSI. The logistic regression of the risk factors showed that SCFT (<i>P</i>-value = 0.001) was significantly associated with SSI. Another risk factor, BMI was also significantly associated with SSI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study concludes that SCFT is a risk factor for the occurrence of SSI after emergency open appendectomy in patients with uncomplicated appendicitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":43872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Open","volume":"63 6","pages":"440-444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12662149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study of demographic profile and incidence of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in patients with duodenal ulcer perforation.","authors":"Samrat Shrestha, Mecklina Shrestha, Bijay Raj Bhatta, Suresh Maharjan, Kaushal Samsher Thapa, Ghanashyam Thapa, Kishor Manandhar","doi":"10.1097/IO9.0000000000000325","DOIUrl":"10.1097/IO9.0000000000000325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Duodenal ulcer Perforation (DUP) is a life-threatening complication of peptic ulcer disease, disproportionately burdening resource-limited regions. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) is a key etiology, yet data from Nepal are limited. This study evaluated demographics, risk factors, and <i>H. pylori</i> incidence in DUP patients at a Nepalese tertiary center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study (March 2024-April 2025) included 61 surgically managed DUP patients aged 18-70 years. Exclusion criteria: recent antibiotic/proton pump inhibitors use, gastric ulcers, or traumatic perforation. <i>H. pylori</i> was detected via histopathological analysis of perforation margin biopsies. Demographics, risk factors [smoking, alcohol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids, socioeconomic status (SES), food habits], and outcomes were analyzed using SPSS v28 (χ²/<i>t</i>-tests; <i>P</i> < 0.05 significant).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort (mean age 38.7 ± 17.6 years; 93% male) showed 65.57% <i>H. pylori</i> positivity. Smoking prevalence was 82% and significantly associated with <i>H. pylori</i> infection (OR = 4.50, 95% CI: 1.14-17.8; <i>P</i> = 0.024). Low SES (57% of patients) correlated strongly with <i>H. pylori</i>, whereas high or middle socioeconomic status had significantly lower odds of <i>H. pylori</i> infection (high/middle SES OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.10-0.89; <i>P</i> = 0.027). Alcohol use (59%) had a nonsignificant <i>H. pylori</i> association (OR = 2.78, 95% CI: 0.93-8.26; <i>P</i> = 0.063), while NSAIDs (8%) and steroids (7%) played minimal roles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DUP in Nepal predominantly affects young males, with high <i>H. pylori</i> prevalence (65.57%) driven significantly by smoking and low SES. These findings highlight synergistic sociodemographic and biological risk factors in resource-limited South Asia, advocating for targeted <i>H. pylori</i> screening and prevention programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":43872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Open","volume":"63 6","pages":"458-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12662151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the prevalence and determinants of death anxiety in cancer patients: implications for mental health and psychological support – a cross-sectional study","authors":"Hadria Derras, Mandeep Singh, Moothar Kodhem, Uday Abdul-Reda Hussein, Ahmed Shihab Ahmed, Batool Ali Ahmed","doi":"10.1097/io9.0000000000000283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/io9.0000000000000283","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Death anxiety represents a significant psychological challenge for cancer patients, affecting their emotional well-being and their adherence to treatment regimens. This study aims to assess the prevalence of death anxiety and identify the factors that contribute to its presence in cancer patients. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 300 cancer patients from two oncology hospitals. The Templer Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) was utilized to assess levels of death anxiety. Demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables were evaluated through multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Moderate to severe death anxiety was reported by 54.7% of patients. Significant factors contributing to higher death anxiety included younger age ( β = − 0.28, P = 0.004), female gender (OR = 2.15, P &lt; 0.001), and lower social support ( r = − 0.46, P &lt; 0.001). A history of psychiatric disorders was also strongly associated with elevated death anxiety scores. Conclusion: Death anxiety is prevalent among cancer patients and is influenced by demographic and psychosocial factors. Providing psychological support to those at higher risk may alleviate distress and enhance coping mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":43872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Open","volume":"63 5","pages":"324-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147885169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Effect of dysnatremia and dysglycemia on outcomes among surgical intensive care unit patients: Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/IO9.0000000000000051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IO9.0000000000000051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1097/IO9.0000000000000003.].</p>","PeriodicalId":43872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Open","volume":"62 3","pages":"286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research, publishing or a challenge?","authors":"Luca Fiorillo,&nbsp;Vini Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.ijso.2023.100713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijso.2023.100713","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Open","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100713"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405857223001262/pdfft?md5=8c757b70c145e5cd2eab2dbcb310acc3&pid=1-s2.0-S2405857223001262-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135715600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concomitantly combined anterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner reconstruction: A case report","authors":"Hoc Nguyen Van,&nbsp;Khanh Nguyen Manh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijso.2023.100706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijso.2023.100706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Combined posterolateral corner (PLC) - anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears account for 10% of complex knee injuries. In an ACL-PLC injured knee, an untreated PLC injury causes a significant increase in force on the ACL graft and may be a leading cause of graft failure.</p></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><p>A 26-year-old male patient with combined ACL and PLC injury. He was concurrently reconstructed in both ACL and PLC. We used 2 semitendinosus (1 in each knee) and 1 glacilis tendon (in the injured knee). The ACL was reconstructed by one 4-stranded simitendinosus with an all-inside technique and TightRope fixation. The PLC reconstruction utilized one femoral tunnel at the isometric point, graft fixation at the femoral tunnel by TightRope, and at the tibial tunnel by absorbable screw. After a follow-up of 9 months, Cincinnati's score was 70/100 and the IKDC score was B type.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The main advantage is that surgeons do not have to care about tendon length and graft diameter compared to the previous method.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Concomitantly combined ACL and PLC reconstruction has good results in remaining knee functions and decreasing ACL reconstruction failure. However, femoral tunnel creation needs to be careful to avoid femoral tunnel intersections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Open","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100706"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71762445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the difficulty of laparoscopic cholecystectomy during COVID-19 pandemic using externally validated prediction models: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Kasra Hatampour ,&nbsp;Manoochehr Ebrahimian ,&nbsp;Amir Zamani ,&nbsp;Arshia Zardoui ,&nbsp;Amirreza Ramezani ,&nbsp;Kimia Ghahremanloo ,&nbsp;Seyed Hadi Mirhashemi ,&nbsp;Mohsen Soori ,&nbsp;Fariborz Rashnoo ,&nbsp;Rouzbeh Shadidi Asil ,&nbsp;Esmaeil Hajinasrollah","doi":"10.1016/j.ijso.2023.100710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijso.2023.100710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, elective surgeries suspension, led to delayed hospital visits for non-emergent diseases like acute cholecystitis. Although nonsurgical treatment was successful in numerous cases, there are some warnings about the progression of the disease to more advanced stages for laparoscopy. In this study, we aimed to find out if COVID-19 had adverse effects on the difficulty of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a retrospective cohort study at a referral center for minimally-invasive surgeries, medical records from February 2019 to February 2020 (before the pandemic) and from February 2020 until 2021 (during the outbreak) were reviewed and various data were extracted. Using two different preoperative scoring systems, we estimated the rate of difficulty of LCs, and the results compared to each other with appropriate statistical methods.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 531 LCs were performed. Pre-COVID and post-COVID patients had a mean age of 46 ± 15 and 44 ± 14 years old, respectively, and less than 35 % of patients in each group were males. LCs decreased notably during the pandemic (161 vs. 369, p &lt; 0.001). Besides, elective surgeries were reduced in this period (36.6 % vs. 55.7 %, p &lt; 0.001). Despite no significant changes in operation duration (123 ± 42 vs. 129 ± 40, p = 0.16), scoring models revealed a remarkable change in difficulties.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Using two well-established scoring models, we concluded that LCs were done with less difficulty during that period. However, there was a remarkable decrease in elective surgeries, and higher volume studies are required to confirm our results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery Open","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100710"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405857223001237/pdfft?md5=cf3723d68bf8db158b596dfebbe3933d&pid=1-s2.0-S2405857223001237-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138412433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}