{"title":"Automating Car Park Management With Blockchain And Computer Vision","authors":"Emanuele Sammut, Frankie Inguanez, Andrew Cortis","doi":"10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352165","url":null,"abstract":"Most current semi-automated parking lots are not able to cater for fully autonomous vehicles since traditional systems assume a human is driving the vehicle and making a payment physically. This empirical research aims to determine whether a system combining computer vision with blockchain technology, can be used to document parking occupancy in a transparent and efficient manner whilst facilitating payment autonomously. There are three main components to the proposed solution, which are: Identifying and Authorisation of vehicles; Occupancy Detection; and Payment handling. This study investigates the accuracy, scaling, and efficiency of all three components. Two parking lots, indoor/outdoor, and 5 different vehicles were used to simulate interactions that may occur whilst making use of a parking lot. Whilst noting that the identification and authorisation of vehicles is possible with an accuracy around 96%, the detection of occupancy and vacating of a parking space is also possible with an accuracy around 94%, we do not that the use of blockchain suffers from a volatile price index and limited transaction speeds. Analysis of the results showed that making use of a permission based blockchain, resulted in faster and cheaper transactions whilst sacrificing on decentralisation. The main components of the proposed solution are executed at the source, meaning a low-cost computer attached at each camera point is sufficient, resulting in a system which can scale upwards by design.","PeriodicalId":438631,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE-Berlin)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131240101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhanel Kudaibergenova, Kassen Dautov, G. Nauryzbayev, M. Hashmi, M. Chaudhary
{"title":"Slot-Dependent Wireless Power Transfer System for MBAN Applications","authors":"Zhanel Kudaibergenova, Kassen Dautov, G. Nauryzbayev, M. Hashmi, M. Chaudhary","doi":"10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352185","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents for the first time the wireless power transfer (WPT) system that is fully dependent on the etched slot on the ground plane. At first, the defected ground structure-based resonator with the circuit area of 20-by-20 sq. mm and a rectangular defect was proposed. Then, it was changed to three rectangular slots to achieve resonance at the desired frequency. Subsequently, the resonators with optimized parameters were aptly utilized to design the WPT system that works at 2.4 GHz. The operating frequency complies with the practical medical body area network band and, therefore, can be employed to the biomedical implants. It has been demonstrated that the perfect coupling can be observed at a distance of 10 mm. As a consequence, at this distance the obtained simulation results of WPT show 67% efficiency and the figure of merit of 0.335.","PeriodicalId":438631,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE-Berlin)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127724470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Consumer Frameworks for Smart Environments","authors":"Shaibal Chakrabarty, D. Engels, Luke Wood","doi":"10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352199","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a smart framework for Internet-of-Things (IoT) enabled environments that promotes consumer interaction with that smart environment while still providing the control and management functionality necessary to manage the environment. Traditional smart frameworks focus solely upon the control and management functionality, allowing for consumer interaction via a centralized controller only (typically through a website or dedicated application). Traditional frameworks work in small, single manager environments, but are impractical in even medium sized, complex, or distributed multi- manager environments such as smart homes, smart buildings, and smart cities. Our framework is built upon the Liberated Object Location System (LOLS) that provides a distributed, decentralized, secure, and consumer oriented system that merges a control management framework for data collection and analysis with the consumers and the smart elements in the environment. Digital twins, or proxy services, are created for each device. LOLS provides a directory service for each device and its digital twin, allowing consumers to interact with the connected devices in the environment either directly or through the digital twin. Digital twins may exist at multiple levels in the information hierarchy, allowing for localized, regional, or even global functional scope. All digital twins are integrated with the environment control and management functionality, allowing for scalable, distributed smart environments that provide a consumer accessible interface for each smart device.","PeriodicalId":438631,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE-Berlin)","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124342944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Sakic, Momcilo Krunic, Stevan Stevic, Marko Dragojevic
{"title":"Camera-LIDAR Object Detection and Distance Estimation with Application in Collision Avoidance System","authors":"N. Sakic, Momcilo Krunic, Stevan Stevic, Marko Dragojevic","doi":"10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352201","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays we are aware of accelerated development of automotive software. Numerous of ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) systems are being developed these days. One such system is the forward CAS (Collision Avoidance System). In order to implement such a system, this paper presents one solution for detecting an object located directly in front of the vehicle and estimating its distance. The solution is based on the use of camera and LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensor fusion. The camera was used for object detection and classification, while 3D data obtained from LIDAR sensor were used for distance estimation. In order to map the 3D data from the LIDAR to the 2D image space, a spatial calibration was used. The solution was developed as a prototype using the ROS (Robot Operating System) based Autoware open source platform. This platform is essentially a framework intended for the development and testing of automotive software. ROS as the framework on which the Autoware platform is based, provides a library for the Python and C++ programming languages, intended for creating new applications. For the reason that this is a prototype project, and it is popular for application in machine learning, we decided to use the Python programming language. The solution was tested inside the CARLA simulator, where the estimation of the obstacle distance obtained at the output of our algorithm was compared with the ground truth values obtained from the simulator itself. Measurements were performed under different weather conditions, where this algorithm showed satisfactory results, with real-time processing.","PeriodicalId":438631,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE-Berlin)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124105702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IoT Hardware-Defined Routing Protocol for Dynamic Self-organizing Wireless Mesh Networks","authors":"Zhanserik Nurlan, T. Zhukabayeva, M. Othman","doi":"10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352191","url":null,"abstract":"In today's world, wireless devices have reached a modern level and this allows the use of wireless interfaces in the entire field of electronics replacing previously used wired solutions. These devices are used to monitor and manage objects. Nevertheless, these devices have the property not to work over long distances or even cease to accept requests. It is often associated with overlapping device frequencies in open ranges. In the proposed work, the subject of study was wireless mesh networks with the Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol and with association of previously developed method based on painless mesh in the environment of SDN (software-defined networks). The objectives of study were previously identified Internet of Things (IoT) devices used at large facilities. A packet loss and delay in packet transmission are the study cases done by using both protocols under research.","PeriodicalId":438631,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE-Berlin)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126311741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ICCE-Berlin 2020 Technical Program","authors":"Frankie Inguanez, Andrew Cortis","doi":"10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352196","url":null,"abstract":"13:30-14:30 Keynote Panel: Security by Design for Sustainable Cyber-Physical Systems 14:30-15:30 AI/ML for CE Technology 1 Hardware Systems for CE Technology 15:30-16:30 AI/ML for CE Technology 2 CE Technology for Automotive Systems 16:30-17:00 Networking Intermezzo Bring the Coffee 17:00-18:00 Keynote: The Journey to the Converged Edge 18:00-19:00 Keynote: Delivering Continuous Intelligence from Streaming Data (Including Consumer Technology)","PeriodicalId":438631,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE-Berlin)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115859399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Novel Approximate Constant Multiplier and HEVC Discrete Cosine Transform Case Study","authors":"Hasan Azgin, Ercan Kalali, Ilker Hamzaoglu","doi":"10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE-Berlin50680.2020.9352166","url":null,"abstract":"Approximate computing is used for error tolerant applications to design faster, smaller area and lower power consuming hardware than exact optimized hardware designs by trading off speed, area and power consumption with quality. Constant multiplication is used in error tolerant applications with high computational complexity such as video processing, video compression and machine learning. Therefore, in this paper, a novel approximate constant multiplication technique is proposed. Approximate constant multiplier hardware implementing the proposed approximation technique reduces constant multiplication to multiplication with a smaller constant. The proposed approximate constant multiplier causes negligible quality loss when it is used to implement the constant multiplications in High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) discrete cosine transform (DCT). It reduces area, reduces power consumption and increases performance of HEVC DCT hardware.","PeriodicalId":438631,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE-Berlin)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128070996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}