Latin American Economic Review最新文献_第2页

Sex-ratios and work in Latin American households: Evidence from Mexico, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Chile 拉丁美洲家庭中的性别比例和工作:来自墨西哥、秘鲁、厄瓜多尔、哥伦比亚和智利的证据

IF 0.5 4区经济学

Latin American Economic Review Pub Date : 2021-06-18 DOI: 10.47872/laer-2021-30-3

J. Campaña, J. Giménez-Nadal, J. Molina

引用次数: 1

The dynamics of social deprivation in Mexico 墨西哥社会剥夺的动态

IF 0.5 4区经济学

Latin American Economic Review Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.47872/LAER-2021-30-2

José Carlos Ramírez

引用次数: 0

How Has Labor Demand Been Affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic? Evidence from Job Ads in Mexico 劳动力需求如何受到COVID-19大流行的影响?墨西哥招聘广告的证据

IF 0.5 4区经济学

Latin American Economic Review Pub Date : 2021-05-25 DOI: 10.47872/LAER-2021-30-1

Raymundo M. Campos‐Vazquez, Gerardo Esquivel, Raquel Y. Badillo

{"title":"How Has Labor Demand Been Affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic? Evidence from Job Ads in Mexico","authors":"Raymundo M. Campos‐Vazquez, Gerardo Esquivel, Raquel Y. Badillo","doi":"10.47872/LAER-2021-30-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47872/LAER-2021-30-1","url":null,"abstract":"There is a concern among social scientists and policymakers that the COVID-19 crisis might permanently change the nature of work. We study how labor demand in Mexico has been affected during the pandemic by web scraping job ads from a leading job search website. As in the U.S., the number of vacancies in Mexico declined sharply during the lockdown (38 percent). In April there was a change in the composition of labor demand, and wages dropped across the board. By May, however, the wage distribution and the distribution of job ads by occupation returned to their pre-pandemic levels. Overall, there was a slight decline in specific requirements (gender and age), no change in required experience, and a temporary in-crease in demand for low-skilled workers. Contrary to expectations, opportunities for telecommuting diminished during the pandemic. Using a simple Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, we find that the variation in the average advertised wage in April is explained more by a higher proportion of low-wage occupations than by a reduction in the wages paid for particular occupations. In sum, we find no evidence of a significant or permanent change in labor demand during the pandemic in Mexico. © 2021, Centro de Investigacion y Docencia Economicas A.C.. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":43785,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Economic Review","volume":"65 1","pages":"1-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79524920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Understanding the Drivers of Household Energy Spending: Micro Evidence for Latin America 理解家庭能源消费的驱动因素:拉丁美洲的微观证据

IF 0.5 4区经济学

Latin American Economic Review Pub Date : 2020-12-23 DOI: 10.47872/LAER-2020-29-3

Raul Alberto Jimenez Mori, Ariel Yépez-García

{"title":"Understanding the Drivers of Household Energy Spending: Micro Evidence for Latin America","authors":"Raul Alberto Jimenez Mori, Ariel Yépez-García","doi":"10.47872/LAER-2020-29-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47872/LAER-2020-29-3","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates the determinants of household energy spending and energy budget shares, with a focus on understanding their non-linear relationship with income, and the presence of economies of scale. The analysis is based on a unique, harmonized collection of official household surveys from 13 Latin American countries. This dataset allows distinguishing between expenditures on electricity, domestic gas, and fuel for private transportation, providing a comprehensive distributional view of the energy spending profile of the residential sector. The estimated empirical Engel curves behave similarly; however, the derived income elasticities show marked distinctions by fuel, and their actual values depend on the households’ relative position over the income distribution. For electricity, the elasticity tends to increase in income but stabilize at the wealthiest segments. For gas and transport fuel, it decreases under different income paths. In this dataset, the examination returns income elasticities on the (0,1) interval, suggesting that energy commodities are necessity goods. However, the distribution of aggregate energy expenditure needs to be considered. Specifically, there is a great concentration among the richer groups, particularly for transport fuels, where the top quintile gathers more than half of the aggregate spending. The results also indicate economies of scale ––for electricity and domestic gas–– with respect to family-age composition, and to a lesser extent with respect to dwelling size. In the case of electricity, these economies are more pronounced for richer households. These results join the previous literature in emphasizing the relevance of accounting for household demographic and socioeconomic trends for energy management.","PeriodicalId":43785,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Economic Review","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73913730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Efficiency of university education: A partial frontier analysis 大学教育效率:局部前沿分析

IF 0.5 4区经济学

Latin American Economic Review Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.47872/laer-2020-29-1

Rafael Viana, J. Arranz, Carlos García‐Serrano

{"title":"Efficiency of university education: A partial frontier analysis","authors":"Rafael Viana, J. Arranz, Carlos García‐Serrano","doi":"10.47872/laer-2020-29-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47872/laer-2020-29-1","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the efficiency of the university education using two linked databases (Saber Pro and Saber 11) from the Colombian Institute for Evaluation of Education (ICFES) corresponding to 2014. We use a non-parametric frontier approach that combines the “order m” technique with the concept of a meta-frontier to disaggregate students’ total efficiency in generic skills in quantitative reasoning, critical reading, and written communication, into the parts attributable to the students themselves and the university. The analysis is performed by academic programme and by education sector (public vs. private). Results indicate that most of the inefficiency of students in the assessment of generic skills in higher education is attributable to the students themselves and a significant number of students could improve their performance in the assessment in each of the academic programmes if they performed as efficiently as those located on the frontier. Furthermore, the inefficiency share of students varies between academic programmes and university sectors, with students in the private sector more inefficient than those in the public sector in some and less inefficient in others. This research constitutes the first application of the technique of “order m” with the approach of the meta-frontier for the analysis of educational efficiency using data at the student and university levels.","PeriodicalId":43785,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Economic Review","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85023730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The fiscal cost of the provision of basic public services, subsidies for expenditure on food and basic citizen income per household in Costa Rica, Guatemala and El Salvador during the COVID-19 pandemic: An expenditure analysis 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间哥斯达黎加、危地马拉和萨尔瓦多提供基本公共服务、粮食支出补贴和每户公民基本收入的财政成本:支出分析

IF 0.5 4区经济学

Latin American Economic Review Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.47872/laer-2020-29-4

Luis Miguel Galindo, F. Filgueira, Marike Blofield, Carlos Alberto Francisco Cruz

{"title":"The fiscal cost of the provision of basic public services, subsidies for expenditure on food and basic citizen income per household in Costa Rica, Guatemala and El Salvador during the COVID-19 pandemic: An expenditure analysis","authors":"Luis Miguel Galindo, F. Filgueira, Marike Blofield, Carlos Alberto Francisco Cruz","doi":"10.47872/laer-2020-29-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47872/laer-2020-29-4","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this article is to estimate the fiscal costs, using income and expenditure surveys, of the provision of basic public services (electricity, water, telephone and internet) for the 40% of the population with the lowest incomes, the provision of a subsidy of 50% of actual food expenditure for the 40% of the population with the lowest incomes and the provision of a basic income per household equivalent to the value of the poverty line for households under the poverty line in Costa Rica, Guatemala and El Salvador during the COVID-19 pandemic. These fiscal options are a fundamental component of any public health strategy against the COVID-19 considering they give economic viability to the population during the isolation and mobility restrictions period and financial support during the economic and social emergency. The results show that the fiscal costs of the provision of basic public services to 40% of the population with the lowest incomes or other fiscal measures considering less ambitious targets are heterogeneous between these Central American countries because of previous conditions and public policies but are reasonable and possible to cover under the actual circumstances.","PeriodicalId":43785,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Economic Review","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73543360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Social effect of Covid-19: Estimates and alternatives for Latin America and the Caribbean 2019冠状病毒病的社会影响:对拉丁美洲和加勒比的估计和替代方案

IF 0.5 4区经济学

Latin American Economic Review Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.47872/LAER-2020-29-8

I. Acevedo, F. Castellani, I. Flores, G. Lotti, M. Székely

引用次数: 4

The fiscal cost of the provision of basic public services, subsidies for expenditure on food and basic citizen income per household during the COVID-19 pandemic: An expenditure analysis 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间提供基本公共服务、粮食支出补贴和每户公民基本收入的财政成本:支出分析

IF 0.5 4区经济学

Latin American Economic Review Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.47872/LAER-2020-29-7S

Luis Miguel Galindo, F. Filgueira, Marike Blofield, Carlos Alberto Francisco Cruz

{"title":"The fiscal cost of the provision of basic public services, subsidies for expenditure on food and basic citizen income per household during the COVID-19 pandemic: An expenditure analysis","authors":"Luis Miguel Galindo, F. Filgueira, Marike Blofield, Carlos Alberto Francisco Cruz","doi":"10.47872/LAER-2020-29-7S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47872/LAER-2020-29-7S","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this article is to estimate the fiscal costs, using income and expenditure surveys, of the provision of basic public services (electricity, water, telephone and internet) for the 40% of the population with the lowest incomes, the provision of a subsidy of 50% of actual food expenditure for the 40% of the population with the lowest incomes and the provision of a basic income per household equivalent to the value of the poverty line for households under the poverty line in Costa Rica, Guatemala and El Salvador during the COVID-19 pandemic. These fiscal options are a fundamental component of any public health strategy against the COVID-19 considering they give economic viability to the population during the isolation and mobility restrictions period and financial support during the economic and social emergency. The results show that the fiscal costs of the provision of basic public services to 40% of the population with the lowest incomes or other fiscal measures considering less ambitious targets are heterogeneous between these Central American countries because of previous conditions and public policies but are reasonable and possible to cover under the actual circumstances.","PeriodicalId":43785,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Economic Review","volume":"83 1","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81486982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the Heterogeneity of Economic Convergence in Latin America Countries – An Econometric Analysis of Systems of Regression Equations 拉丁美洲国家经济趋同的异质性研究——回归方程系统的计量经济学分析

IF 0.5 4区经济学

Latin American Economic Review Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.47872/LAER-2020-29-6

Dawid Jarco, Mateusz Pipień

引用次数: 0

Gender wage discrimination by distribution of income in Mexico, 2005-2020 2005-2020年墨西哥收入分配中的性别工资歧视

IF 0.5 4区经济学

Latin American Economic Review Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.47872/LAER-2020-29-5

M. González

引用次数: 0