Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo最新文献

{"title":"¿Las víctimas de trata pueden tener acceso a la protección internacional? Análisis de las posibilidades de refugio o de protección subsidiaria en la Unión Europea","authors":"Alexandre Moreno Urpí","doi":"10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.06","url":null,"abstract":"This research responds to the need to systematise access to international protection within the framework of the European Union (EU) for victims of trafficking in human beings, given that neither the 1951 Refugee Convention, nor the 1967 New York Protocol, nor Directive 2011/95/EU deem this criminal activity justifiable cause for such protection. Granting refuge or subsidiary protection to victims of trafficking who are not nationals of an EU Member State, especially after they have been granted protection under EU law, may offer means to assist them, protect them and prevent them from being sent back to their country of origin, which would exponentially increase their risk of being exploited again by trafficking networks. A detailed analysis of eligibility for international protection in this domain shows that, in some cases, the circumstances surrounding the victims of trafficking may justify the recognition of international protection by EU Member States. Each individual case must be assessed and addressed under the established requirements, with particular attention paid to the existence of acts of prosecution and the grounds that motive these acts, as this is the aspect that poses the greatest challenges in relation to the phenomenon of human trafficking.","PeriodicalId":43708,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45914569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crónica de jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, octubre-diciembre, 2022","authors":"Elisa Llop Cardenal","doi":"10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.09","url":null,"abstract":"I. INTRODUCCIÓN. II. PRINCIPALES SENTENCIAS Y DECISIONES DEL TEDH: 1. Eutanasia practicada a una paciente con una enfermedad mental y alcance de las obligaciones positivas sustantivas y procesales (art. 2 CEDH): Mortier c. Bélgica. 2. Evaluación de las condenas a cadena perpetua en un contexto de extradición (art. 3 CEDH): Sanchez-Sanchez c. Reino Unido [GC]. 3. Derecho a la no autoincriminación en el marco de un procedimiento sancionador en el ámbito fiscal (art. 6 § 1 CEDH): De Légé c. Países Bajos. 4. Aplicabilidad a la conversión, tras el traslado del preso, de una cadena perpetua reducible extranjera en una irreductible de facto (art. 7 CEDH): Kupinskyy c. Ucrania. 5. Discriminación por motivo de género en la retirada de una prestación social a un viudo (aplicabilidad del art. 14 en relación con el art. 8 CEDH): Beeler c. Suiza [GC]. 6. Caracterización basada en el perfil","PeriodicalId":43708,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45559247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El bilateralismo en las relaciones comerciales de la Unión Europea","authors":"Dorina Suciu Gavriloaie","doi":"10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.07","url":null,"abstract":"Bilateral and regional cooperation has become the prime instrument for regulating world trade in the 21st century, as opposed to the multilateral forum of the World Trade Organisations (WTO) and the increasingly prominent protectionist attitudes of major economic powers. Considering the above, this contribution aims to facilitate the understanding of the new generation trade and investment agreements in the overall context of EU trade policy. We will start with an outline of the concept of new generation agreements and continue with an analysis of their regulatory heterogeneity, where we provide some considerations regarding EU’s competence in the areas concerned. The study will conclude with a revision of the growing predominance of competitiveness, reciprocity, and differentiation, as both the drivers and inspiration in the restructuring of the EU’s trade agenda, to further stress the relevance of transparency and democracy principles for the governance of the EU’s external action.","PeriodicalId":43708,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47970342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El Parlamento Europeo","authors":"Juan Francisco López Aguilar","doi":"10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.02","url":null,"abstract":"This article undertakes a summary explanation of the European Parliament (EP), the only EU Institution elected by universal suffrage by 450 million European citizens across 27 Member States. Therefore, EP does not show any democratic deficit or lack of powers: it is EU budgetary authority; European legislator; it legitimises and controls the European Commission by investing its Presidency and the entire College; it examines each of its Commissioners-designate with its examination and vote before they take office; and it can force them to resign by a collective vote of censure. However, despite its transparency and accessibility, both in presence and by technology, there is still a lack of visibility and communication with the citizens represented by EP. This article analyses this distinctive features of EP, addressing issues such as its election, structure, organisation, dual seat, and members’ prerogatives and immunities, legislative procedure and decision-making, including some thoughts on its ongoing political debates around its present and future developments.","PeriodicalId":43708,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42957010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El derecho de la Unión Europea y las nociones de tercer país y de entidad territorial no reconocida como Estado independiente","authors":"Marta Sobrido Prieto","doi":"10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.03","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2016, the European Union’s relationship with Kosovo is articulated by a bilateral Stabilization and Association Agreement as part of the pre-accession strategy for the Western Balkans. It does not imply the recognition of Kosovo as a sovereign State by the European Union but reinforces its «nationalization». In September 2020, the challenge of legally legitimizing the European Union’s approximation to Kosovo in such cir cumstances led the General Court to declare the existence in Union Law of a «flexible concept» that the term country includes territorial entities that are not necessarily States under international law. This statement was rejected in January 2023 by the Court of Justice which, to serve the same purpose, has opted for a conditional assimilation strategy. It does not legally open the concept, of third country, but it admits that a territorial entity situated outside the European Union which the European Union has not recognised as an independent State must be capable of being treated in the same way as a ‘third country’ within the meaning of that provision, while not infringing international law. The relationship of the European Union with Kosovo in these terms accentu-ates the erosion of the position of the members of the European Union – including Spain – who have rejected the recognition of Kosovo as a State, although they still have room to oppose the designation of Kosovo as a country if it is not justified in the terms established by the Court of Justice","PeriodicalId":43708,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43185522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crónica de Jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, septiembre-diciembre, 2022","authors":"Fernando Castillo de la Torre, Petra Nemeckova","doi":"10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rdce.74.08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43708,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48911998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crónica de Jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, mayo-agosto, 2022","authors":"Fernando Castillo de la Torre, Petra Nemeckova","doi":"10.18042/cepc/rdce.73.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rdce.73.10","url":null,"abstract":"Crónica de Jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, mayo-agosto, 2022","PeriodicalId":43708,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45139512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La prevención de la radicalización violenta de corte yihadista en la Unión Europea","authors":"Inmaculada Marrero Rocha","doi":"10.18042/cepc/rdce.73.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rdce.73.03","url":null,"abstract":"Desde los atentados del 11 de septiembre de 2001, la prevención de la radicalización violenta se ha ido consolidando como parte de la estrategia de lucha contra el terrorismo. Cada vez son más los Estados de la sociedad internacional, incluidos los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea, los que consideran la radicalización violenta, especialmente de corte yihadista, un problema para su seguridad interna e internacional, prácticamente como la antesala del terrorismo, y diseñan medidas a nivel nacional y, también, en cooperación con otros Estados para hacerle frente. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en examinar las características de la internacionalización de la prevención de la radicalización violenta de corte yihadista en el marco de la Unión Europea. Para ello, tras determinar el interés de los Estados miembros en cooperar en este ámbito, tradicionalmente de carácter nacional, se abordarán las cuestiones relativas a la indeterminación conceptual de la radicalización violenta. Posteriormente, se pretende identificar y caracterizar los mecanismos e instrumentos ideados para articular este nuevo espacio de cooperación y sus particularidades. Todo ello con el objetivo final de realizar una valoración de los retos que debe afrontar esta arquitectura de cooperación en la que los Estados miembros participan de manera cada vez más activa.","PeriodicalId":43708,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49574176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De iure y de facto: Las dos caras del Consejo Europeo tras Lisboa","authors":"José Manuel Martinez Sierra","doi":"10.18042/cepc/rdce.73.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rdce.73.04","url":null,"abstract":"Este trabajo aporta una visión novedosa del Consejo Europeo, presentada en dos partes diferenciadas e interrelacionadas. La primera, el análisis de iure, analiza las disposiciones esenciales del derecho originario que conforman el marco de competencias del Consejo Europeo según la última reforma del Tratado de Lisboa. La segunda, el análisis de facto, analiza las superaciones y vulneraciones del predicho marco competencial por parte de los líderes europeos durante las cinco crisis de la UE: la crisis económica, la crisis migratoria, el Brexit, la COVID y la guerra de Ucrania. Algunas de las crisis mencionadas evidencian que el Consejo Europeo ha superado su marco competencial y vulnerado el derecho comunitario, posicionando al resto de instituciones como colaboradores necesarios. Las conclusiones principales son tres. Primera, el Consejo Europeo, tras el Tratado de Lisboa, es a la sazón el principal «poder» constituyente y constituido en la UE, ejerciendo las competencias clave, siendo la institución esencial para avanzar en el proceso de integración. Segunda, estudiadas las crisis referidas, hay evidencias de que el Consejo Europeo ha superado conscientemente el marco del derecho comunitario, no basándose en los marcos legales existentes, sino, en una voluntad clara de evitar el control político o jurídico cuando considera que las crisis lo requieren. La tercera conclusión, nos permite afirmar que el resto de las instituciones, incluido el TJUE, han dado cobertura a dicho proceder.","PeriodicalId":43708,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43895321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La regulación de la protección temporal de los desplazados por la guerra de Ucrania y su compatibilidad con otras formas de protección internacional en el contexto de una nueva política migratoria de la UE","authors":"Francisco Javier Durán Ruiz","doi":"10.18042/cepc/rdce.73.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rdce.73.07","url":null,"abstract":"Esta investigación analiza la Directiva de Protección Temporal y los motivos de su aplicación por primera vez por parte de la Unión Europea ante la grave crisis de personas desplazadas y/o refugiadas provocada por la guerra en Ucrania, frente a situaciones previas, como la guerra de Siria. Además de realizar un análisis crítico de la Directiva de Protección Temporal como instrumento jurídico y de las ventajas de su utilización ante esta situación concreta, pretende detenerse especialmente en el ámbito subjetivo de los beneficiarios de dicho instrumento y en su concreta y generosa aplicación por parte de España. Finalmente, lo compara con la Propuesta de Reglamento sobre situaciones de crisis y fuerza mayor en el ámbito de la migración y el asilo (COM/2020/613 final), que trata de aportar respuestas a estas situaciones, en el marco del Nuevo Pacto sobre Migración y Asilo de la UE de la Comisión, que aprobó ambas propuestas el 23 de septiembre de 2020. La hipótesis planteada parte de que, siendo adecuada la figura de la Directiva de protección temporal a la situación actual de los afectados por la guerra de Ucrania, esta discrimina y deja desprotegidos a ciertos colectivos, cuya protección queda al albur de la decisión de cada Estado miembro. La Propuesta de Reglamento sobre situaciones de crisis y fuerza mayor, de aprobarse, elimina este inconveniente y se inclina por conceder a los desplazados en estas situaciones temporales una protección similar a la protección subsidiaria. Finalizamos la investigación exponiendo, entre otras conclusiones, las escasas probabilidades de que el giro de la política migratoria europea que ha supuesto el caso de Ucrania tenga continuidad en el tiempo, ya que las propuestas del Nuevo Pacto sobre Migración y Asilo se enfrentan a importantes obstáculos en el contexto político actual de la UE, especialmente en los aspectos que requieren solidaridad entre los Estados miembros, como el caso de las futuras y previsibles crisis migratorias.","PeriodicalId":43708,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44914276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}