Clinical Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Applied Forces Changed Myopia Lens Optical Performance but Not Retinal Image Quality Tested Using a Newly Designed Digital Colmascope.","authors":"Xiaoning Li,&nbsp;Lun Pan,&nbsp;Weizhong Lan,&nbsp;Zhikuan Yang","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S400840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S400840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of applied forces generated by a rim screw on the optical performance of mounted myopia lenses. The residual refractive error and retinal image quality of the corrected eyes were also investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For 120 lenses, internal lens stress was measured using a newly designed digital strain viewer (colmascope). Sixty myopic adults (120 eyes) were recruited. The effects of internal lens stress on residual refraction and retinal image quality were evaluated using OPD Scan III. The results were compared between loose and tight mounting and between the right and left eyes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed among nine lens zones in both the right and left lenses, regardless of the mounting state (P < 0.001). The differences were mainly derived from the five vertically arranged zones (P < 0.05). Significant differences in internal lens stress were observed between the right and left lenses (P < 0.05). No significant differences in central residual refractive error and retinal image quality of the corrected eyes were found between the loose- and tight-mounted lenses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The applied forces generated by the rim screw changed the peripheral optical performance of the mounted myopia lenses but exerted only negligible impacts on the central residual refractive error and visual image quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"15 ","pages":"65-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/93/15/opto-15-65.PMC10108864.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9384644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Lens-Induced Astigmatism at Near and Far Distances.","authors":"Silvia Tavazzi,&nbsp;Natalia Vlasak,&nbsp;Fabrizio Zeri","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S405472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S405472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate and compare the degradation of visual acuity (VA) in myopic presbyopes due to lens-induced astigmatism at near and at far distance.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Fourteen corrected myopic presbyopes were recruited. VA (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was measured binocularly for different conditions of lens-induced astigmatism: cylindrical powers of -0.25, -0.50, -0.75, -1.00, -1.50, and -2.00 diopters (and positive spherical power of half the cylindrical power) with two axis orientations (with-the-rule WTR and against-the-rule ATR) were added to their optical correction. Measurements were carried out at far and near distance both in photopic and mesopic conditions, and for high and low contrast (HC/LC) stimuli. The paired Wilcoxon signed-rank statistics test was used to evaluate difference between conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The measured VA as a function of the lens-induced astigmatism was described by regression lines in all investigated experimental conditions. The angular coefficients (slopes) of these lines represent the VA degradation, ie, the variation in logMAR corresponding to the addition of 1.00 diopters of cylindrical power. In photopic HC conditions, the VA degradation is significantly more pronounced at far distance than at near distance (0.22±0.06 diopters^-1 vs 0.15±0.05 diopters^-1, p = 0.0061 in WTR conditions; 0.18±0.06 diopters^-1 vs 0.12±0.05 diopters^-1, p = 0.0017 in ATR conditions), although VAs at near and at far with zero cylinder were similar (-0.14±0.10 vs -0.14±0.08, p = 0.824).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The better tolerance to lens-induced astigmatism blur at near than at far distance in photopic conditions with HC stimuli is tentatively attributed to a possible experience-mediated neural compensation associated to the tendency of the eye toward an inherent astigmatism at near.</p>","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"15 ","pages":"105-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ba/42/opto-15-105.PMC10171221.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9462456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients' Satisfaction with Topical Anti-Glaucoma Medications and Associated Factors at Gondar University Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021.","authors":"Natnael Yeneneh Belie,&nbsp;Fisseha Admassu Ayele,&nbsp;Belayneh Mengist,&nbsp;Abiy Maru Alemayehu,&nbsp;Abel Sinshaw Assem,&nbsp;Sofonias Addis Fekadu,&nbsp;Betelhem Temesgen Yibekal","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S411390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S411390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glaucoma is one of the leading cause of global irreversible blindness if left untreated. Satisfaction is a multifaceted outcome based on sufficient information and encouragement from the practitioner and based on the medications' nature. Determining patients' satisfaction is essential to increase their courage in their long-time follow-up of medical care.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess Patients' satisfaction with topical anti-glaucoma medications and associated factors among glaucoma patients at Gondar University Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, Northwest Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 30 to August 27, 2021, among 395 glaucoma patients at Gondar University Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center. Data was entered into Epi info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 26 software for analysis. A Binary logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with satisfaction with topical anti-glaucoma medications. Statistical significance was considered when p-value < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 395 study subjects participated in the study with a response rate of 93.38%. The overall satisfaction with topical anti-glaucoma medication was 62.5% with 95% CI: (57.5-67.8%). The absence of ocular side effects (AOR=5.39, 95% CI: 2.35-12.37) and the absence of ocular surface diseases (AOR=4.12, 95% CI: 1.69-10.09) were significantly associated with patient satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than half of the study participants were satisfied with topical anti-glaucoma medications. The absence of ocular side effects and absence of Ocular surface diseases were significantly associated with patient satisfaction with anti-glaucoma medication.</p>","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"15 ","pages":"139-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8c/d7/opto-15-139.PMC10289171.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9714048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Patients' Perspective for the Impact of Late Detection of Ocular Diseases on Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ahmed Almazroa,&nbsp;Hessa Almatar,&nbsp;Reema Alduhayan,&nbsp;Maram Albalawi,&nbsp;Mansour Alghamdi,&nbsp;Saja Alhoshan,&nbsp;Suhailah Alamri,&nbsp;Norah Alkanhal,&nbsp;Yara J Alsiwat,&nbsp;Saad Alrabiah,&nbsp;Mohammed Aldrgham,&nbsp;Ahmed A AlSaleh,&nbsp;Hessa Abdulrahman Alsanad,&nbsp;Barrak Alsomaie","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S422451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S422451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Late detection of ocular diseases negatively affects patients' quality of life (QoL), encompassing health status, psychological, financial, and social aspects. However, the early detection of eye conditions leads to rapid intervention and avoiding complications, thus preserving the QoL. This study assessed the impact of ocular diseases late detection on patients' QoL at multi-eye clinics based on questionnaire responses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed an original Arabic-English questionnaire to assess the QoL of patients with ocular diseases referred from primary and secondary healthcare centers to tertiary hospitals. It covered preliminary data, patient perspectives on having lately detected ocular disease and treatment costs, and the impact of late detection on finances, social life, psychology, health status, and awareness of current initiatives. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the associations between patient perspectives on having ocular diseases detected at a late stage and its impact on different domains. Multivariate logistic regression was applied with impact types of health status, psychological, financial, and social (dependent variables) and age, income levels, and hospital type (independent variables).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred and eighty-eight responded, with 50% experiencing psychological effects, 27% health issues, 23% social impacts, and 23% financial burdens. Two hundred seventeen patients (56%) reported having ocular condition detected in late stage. Logistic regression analysis showed positive association with health status, social well-being, and financial effects (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed pronounced effects in patients ≤ 50 years, with income < 5000 SAR, and those visiting private clinics (p < 0.05). The social impact was greater in patients visiting private hospitals. Ninety percent of all patients emphasized the importance of increasing awareness for better QoL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant associations were found between the late detection of eye diseases and their impact on QoL. Therefore, early detection and increasing patients' awareness of ocular diseases and treatment are essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"15 ","pages":"191-204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/b8/opto-15-191.PMC10503557.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10299476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision Quality of Life with Time Survey: Normative Data and Repeatability.","authors":"Michaela E Dungan,&nbsp;Mitchell Scheiman,&nbsp;Chang Yaramothu","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S406407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S406407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop a novel Vision Quality of Life (QoL) survey that emphasizes the amount of time a visual activity can be performed before symptoms occur.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Vision Quality of Life with Time (VisQuaL-T) survey was developed with 10 daily activities and a list of common visual symptoms. Participants were recruited from a university campus. Participants were not excluded based on binocular impairments to obtain a normative dataset. Participants were instructed to denote when they first experience symptoms within certain time ranges. If participants did not engage in one of the 10 activities, they were instructed to denote \"N/A\". A composite score (range 0-3) was determined by only accounting for the questions that were answered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The normative data cohort had a sample size of 376 participants and the repeatability cohort had 54 participants. The normative, test, and retest datasets had a mean composite score of 2.47±0.54, 2.69±0.42, and 2.67±0.49 and 95% confidence interval of 2.38-2.71, 2.58-2.81, 2.54-2.80, respectively. There was good reliability and high correlation between the test and retest timepoints with an ICC of 0.825 and a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.839 in the repeatability cohort. The normative data cohort showed good internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.803. Test and retest timepoints showed no statistical significance among the individual questions (p > 0.1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A lower bound score of 2.4 can potentially be used to differentiate visually normal and symptomatic participants. Statistical analysis showed the survey is repeatable and reliable. Using time as a metric for assessing symptomology could be a useful method for identifying patients with QoL issues and for assessing effectiveness of binocular vision, accommodative, and eye movement treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"15 ","pages":"205-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5e/41/opto-15-205.PMC10505015.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10299473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demodex Blepharitis: A Survey-Based Approach to Investigate Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Optometrists in India.","authors":"Nikhil Sharma,&nbsp;Eilidh Martin,&nbsp;Edward Ian Pearce,&nbsp;Suzanne Hagan,&nbsp;Christine Purslow","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S403837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S403837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practice towards Demodex blepharitis among optometrists in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in the form of an online survey using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap). The survey link was distributed via direct e-mail and social media platforms, and it was comprised of 20 questions divided into two sections. The first section focused on the practitioners' demographics and their views on the general health of the eyelid. The second section of the survey was specific and aimed at obtaining information on identifying and treating Demodex blepharitis, and was only completed by those respondents who looked for Demodex mites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey was completed by 174 optometrists. The prevalence of blepharitis in the general population was judged by the respondents to be 40%, whereas the prevalence of Demodex mites was estimated to be 29%. Interestingly, the prevalence of Demodex mites in people with blepharitis was estimated to be 30%. This estimated prevalence was substantially lower than that reported in the literature on the subject. 66% of participants believed Demodex mites to be a significant cause of ocular discomfort, whereas only 30% of participants would intervene to diagnose and manage Demodex blepharitis in their patients. Optometrists differed in their preferred method of diagnosis and management of Demodex infestation in eyelids.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The result of this survey suggests that Demodex blepharitis is a highly under-diagnosed condition in India, with nearly 30% of surveyed optometrists managing this condition. The study also observed a lack of awareness and consensus among surveyed optometrists with regards to diagnosis and appropriate treatment methods to control Demodex infestation in eyelids.</p>","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"15 ","pages":"55-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/07/5d/opto-15-55.PMC10105579.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9329108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of the SRK/T Formula in Pediatric Cataract Surgery.","authors":"Irawati Irfani,&nbsp;Tri Wahyu,&nbsp;Primawita Oktarima,&nbsp;Sesy Caesarya,&nbsp;Maya Sari,&nbsp;Feti Karfiati","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S390994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S390994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Determining IOL power is an important step in achieving the desired postoperative refractive target, but this determination remains challenging, as currently the used formulas were developed using IOL power calculations derived from adults.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This is a retrospective analytical study with the period of June 2018 to May 2019. All of the data were taken from medical records in referral tertiary eye hospital in Indonesia. All type of cataracts underwent uncomplicated surgeries and in-the-bag IOL implantation were included in this study, while aphakia, secondary IOL implantation, primary sulcus implantation, and history of ocular disorders were excluded. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon sign-rank, paired t, and Kruskal-Wallis tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-seven patients (106 eyes) were found to meet the inclusion criteria, average age was 7.35 ± 4.61 years (1.00 to 17.00 years). Average targeted refraction was 1.69 ± 2.06 D (-0.38-+6.99 D), and spherical equivalent (actual postoperative refraction) was -0.90 ± 1.45 D (-4.38 to +2.75 D). There was statistically significant difference between preoperative targeted refraction and actual postoperative refraction (p < 0.001). Mean absolute prediction error (APE) in general was 1.34 ± 1.18 D, 1.22 ± 0.88 D (in short eyes), 1.52 ± 1.37 D (in moderate eyes), and 0.69 ± 0.52 D (in long eyes) (p = 0.202). Mean APE in age group <7 years old was 1.27 ± 1.18 D and ≥7 years-old was 1.42 ± 1.19 D (p = 0.429).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SRK/T formula is fairly accurate in calculating IOL power in pediatric cataract surgery. Mean APE in this study was within the range of accurate mean APE in pediatric patients despite differentiated axial length and age.</p>","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1f/e3/opto-15-1.PMC9826636.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10520974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectacle Coverage Rate After Cataract Surgery in an Urban Area in Indonesia.","authors":"Tri Rahayu,&nbsp;Yeni Dwi Lestari,&nbsp;Asti Ayudianingrum,&nbsp;Lutfah Rif'ati","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S417876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S417876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Uncorrected refractive errors after cataract surgery contribute to visual impairments. The aim of this study was to investigate the spectacle coverage rate (SCR) following cataract surgery and its relationship with socioeconomic factors in an urban city in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 in Jakarta. The former participants of the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) survey had a history of cataract surgery and met either of the following criteria: (1) wore spectacles with presenting visual acuity (PVA) 6/12 or (2) had PVA less than 6/12 regardless of spectacle use but achieved the best visual acuity (BVA) 6/12 with pinhole correction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2998 participants of the RAAB survey, 173 (5.6%) (252 eyes) had a history of cataract surgery, among whom 53 (86 eyes) met our inclusion criteria. The SCR was 69.8% and was associated with age group, household income level, education level, and physicians' recommendation of spectacle wear. Participants who were of nonproductive age (80%), had the highest household income level (88.2%), the highest level of education (87.5%), and had been recommended for spectacle use by their physicians (80.9%) demonstrated higher SCR. Participants with the highest household income had the highest SCR. Patients who had received a physician's recommendation showed a higher SCR and were 26 times more likely to wear spectacles (odds ratio [OR] 25.99, 95% CI 2.59-260.10).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is an unmet need for refractive errors after cataract surgery. Factors such as household income levels and physician recommendations were predictive of spectacle wear.</p>","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"15 ","pages":"167-173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/df/6c/opto-15-167.PMC10440109.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10051642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Short-Term Effects of Treatment of Accommodative Infacility with Low Plus Addition in Single Vision Rx or Vision Therapy: A Pilot Study","authors":"Martin Balke, Göran Skjöld, P. Lundmark","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S355508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S355508","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose To compare the short-term treatment effect of low plus reading addition (ADD) and home-based vision therapy (VT) in a small group of symptomatic children with accommodative infacility (AIF) being the most significant dysfunction. Methods Nineteen children, 8 to 12 years of age, with a first-time diagnosis of AIF were consecutively and alternately allocated to treatment with ADD (+0.50 D addition in single vision Rx) or VT (accommodation exercises using Hart Charts) for a period of 6 weeks. Accommodation facility (AF) was measured monocularly (MAF-R, MAF-L) and binocularly (BAF) with +2 D/-2 D flipper and registered in cycles per minute (cpm). Symptoms were graded using the convergence insufficiency symptom survey (CISS). Measurements were compared before and after treatment and between groups using nonparametric statistics (p < 0.05). Results Ten children were allocated to ADD (median age 9.0 F:5) and 9 to VT (median age 11.0 F:7). Baseline median measurements of MAF-R, MAF-L, BAF and CISS were 3.0, 3.0, 2.2 cpm, and 27.5 points, respectively, for ADD, and 2.0, 2.0, 2.0 cpm, and 27.0 points, respectively, for VT. There were no significant differences between groups at baseline. After 6 weeks of treatment, the median change of MAF-R, MAF-L, BAF and CISS was +5.0, +4.5, +4.7 cpm, and –7.5 points, respectively, for ADD and +8.0, +8.0, +10.0 cpm, and –20.0 points, respectively for VT. All changes within groups were significant. Comparison of groups showed a significantly greater effect of treatment with VT compared to ADD for BAF (p = 0.008) and CISS (p = 0.017). Conclusion In children with newly diagnosed AIF, treatment with accommodation exercises for 6 weeks gives greater short-term relief of symptoms and improvement of binocular accommodative facility compared to treatment with spectacle single vision correction with a weak plus addition.","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"14 1","pages":"83 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45563849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OculoMotor Assessment Tool: Children Compared with Adults","authors":"Rachel Eichler, Gila Mivtachi, Dina Hershkovitz-Azoulay, M. Scheiman, Hadas Ben-Eli","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S364516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S364516","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose To provide additional normative data for the OculoMotor Assessment Tool (OMAT) for horizontal and vertical saccades and vergence jumps and to compare the results of children to adults. Methods Participants with visual acuity of logMAR ≥0.0 (6/6) and Randot stereopsis of at least 250 sec of arc without binocular disorders were recruited. Horizontal and vertical saccades, near point of convergence (NPC), accommodation and vergence jumps were evaluated using the OMAT. Means and standard deviations were reported for all parameters in children and adults. Results A total of 52 participants (ages 9–34, mean age 17.5 ± 7.2 years) participated in this study. Statistically significant differences were found for horizontal and vertical saccades with lower mean results in children, aged 9–18 (111.5 ± 20.9 and 112.5 ± 22.7, respectively) compared to adults, aged 19–34 (131.6 ± 23.9 and 126.2 ± 24.2, respectively) (P = 0.002 and 0.04, respectively). The mean of the last 30 seconds of both horizontal and vertical saccades were statistically significantly lower in the children’s group (52.5 ± 10.6 and 52.1 ± 11.3, respectively) compared to the adults (63.2 ± 10.2 and 59.3 ± 13.4, respectively) (P = 0.001 and 0.04, respectively). The normative values for horizontal and vertical saccades were 119.6 ± 23.9 and 118.1 ± 24.1 saccades per minute, respectively. NPC break and recovery were 2.3 ± 2.3cm and 3.0 ± 3.3cm, respectively. The vergence jumps assessment was 79.3 ± 21.19 movements per minute. Conclusion Normative values for the OMAT test were found in this study for children and adults. Assessment of endurance found children norms significantly lower for horizontal and vertical saccades compared to adults.","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"14 1","pages":"75 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49431317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}