Monash Bioethics Review最新文献

Moral craft: engaging with value pluralism in healthcare decision-making. 道德工艺：参与医疗决策的价值多元化。

IF 1.6

Monash Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1007/s40592-025-00266-x

Michael Parker

{"title":"Moral craft: engaging with value pluralism in healthcare decision-making.","authors":"Michael Parker","doi":"10.1007/s40592-025-00266-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40592-025-00266-x","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare professionals routinely navigate complex value conflicts that span personal, interpersonal, and organisational domains. This paper examines the concept of moral craftsmanship-the skilled practice of understanding, analysing, and working through value conflicts in healthcare settings-and argues that value pluralism provides a more realistic framework for healthcare ethics than approaches seeking overarching moral consensus. Through analysis of cases spanning clinical genetics, paediatric end-of-life care, and institutional resource allocation, the paper explores how value conflicts manifest across interconnected domains and explores the practical reasoning processes through which healthcare professionals successfully navigate seemingly intractable moral disagreements. Drawing on examples from clinical genetics counselling and recent analyses of dissensus in paediatric care, the paper argues that deep value pluralism is compatible with reasoned decision-making and that moral craftsmanship represents an essential skill for effective healthcare practice. Oversimplified ethical frameworks risk creating dangerous gaps between institutional processes and lived moral experience, potentially undermining public trust in healthcare systems. Healthcare institutions must develop approaches that acknowledge genuine value plurality while supporting practical decision-making, maintaining mechanisms for incorporating diverse public values, and addressing the moral residue that persists beyond immediate decisions.","PeriodicalId":43628,"journal":{"name":"Monash Bioethics Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145281484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ectogestation, in vitro fertilization, and the abortion debate. 体外受精，体外受精和堕胎辩论。

IF 1.6

Monash Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1007/s40592-025-00265-y

Christopher Stratman

引用次数: 0

Bio-ethical issues of research in Sub-Saharan Africa. 撒哈拉以南非洲研究的生物伦理问题。

IF 1.6

Monash Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1007/s40592-025-00264-z

Ousman Bajinka, Musa Kora, Ousman Sanyang, Serge Yannick Ouedraogo, Momodou G Bah, Lamarana Jallow

{"title":"Bio-ethical issues of research in Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Ousman Bajinka, Musa Kora, Ousman Sanyang, Serge Yannick Ouedraogo, Momodou G Bah, Lamarana Jallow","doi":"10.1007/s40592-025-00264-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40592-025-00264-z","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines bioethical considerations of research conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where a notable scarcity persists in literature addressing region-specific bioethical issues. Although bioethics-related activities have encountered challenges surpassing existing protocol safeguards, emerging evidence demonstrates growing recognition of integrated scientific and ethical principles within African medical research. Maintaining research continuity in resource-limited settings necessitates bridging critical gaps between informed consent procedures and participants' actual understanding. This narrative review assesses progress, identifies persistent challenges, and outlines future directions for clinical trials and medical research in SSA, with particular focus on adherence to established bioethical standards and integration of local normative frameworks. Our analysis reveals a significant increase in publications featuring rigorous ethical discourse about bioethical research in Africa, with particular emphasis on SSA, in recent years. The review underscores substantial deficits in ethical conduct, including frequent non-compliance with fundamental principles: informed consent, autonomy, beneficence, and non-maleficence. Furthermore, we identify a paucity of evidence concerning methodologies to improve the efficacy and quality of ethical review mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":43628,"journal":{"name":"Monash Bioethics Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vaccine refusal in cancer patients at the French hospital: a normative re-analysis through a 'neopotterian theory of global bioethics'. 法国医院癌症患者拒绝接种疫苗：通过“全球生物伦理学的新派理论”进行的规范性再分析。

IF 1.6

Monash Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1007/s40592-025-00263-0

Henri-Corto Stoeklé, Sakina Sekkate, Jaafar Bennouna, Philippe Beuzeboc, Christian Hervé

引用次数: 0

When does life end? Consensus and controversy in defining death. 生命何时结束？定义死亡的共识与争议。

IF 1.6

Monash Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-08-02 DOI: 10.1007/s40592-025-00262-1

Piotr Grzegorz Nowak

引用次数: 0

How money matters: the effect of financial incentives on the intention to donate organs post-mortem. 金钱有多重要：经济激励对死后捐献器官意愿的影响。

IF 1.6

Monash Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40592-025-00233-6

Alissa Bilhar, Jandir Pauli, Kenny Basso, Marzieh Latifi

引用次数: 0

Speculation as an argument: artificial placenta technology, clinical translation, and the ethical debate about the ethical debate. 猜测作为一种论证：人工胎盘技术、临床翻译、伦理辩论以及关于伦理的辩论。

IF 1.6

Monash Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40592-025-00261-2

Dorian Accoe, Clemence Van Ginneken, Seppe Segers

{"title":"Speculation as an argument: artificial placenta technology, clinical translation, and the ethical debate about the ethical debate.","authors":"Dorian Accoe, Clemence Van Ginneken, Seppe Segers","doi":"10.1007/s40592-025-00261-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40592-025-00261-2","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers developing artificial amnion and placenta technology (AAPT) regard this endeavor as one to enhance outcomes in neonatal intensive care units (NICU), by reducing mortality and morbidity for extremely premature neonates. While other applications can be imagined and have been the topic of ethical debate, there is discontent about bioethical considerations of potential AAPT applications beyond NICU praxis. Dismissed as 'speculative', the latter allegedly cloud 'real' ethical work necessary for clinical translation. This trope requires ethical attention, since it goes to the heart of bioethical praxis as an effort of studying emerging technologies like AAPT, and as a critical enterprise tethering ethical contemplation to empirics and uncovering value-ladenness of empirical 'facts'. We explore different functions of speculation in ethics, after which we examine the main criticisms against the purported speculative implementation of AAPT. We then address how defining a practice as speculative reveals more about research priorities and biases, than about some quality of the practice. Labeling scenarios as 'speculative' seems to function as an argument in and of itself, rather than that an argument is provided for labeling certain scenarios as speculative, and why this matters. More: the 'speculation argument' can be extended to the translational aims of AAPT, its potential risks, and the assumed 'benefits' in terms of mortality and morbidity. Projections about 'morbidity' and 'quality of life' that do not start from insights and experiences of members of the disability community are precisely the type of speculation that should be questioned from a critical ethics perspective.","PeriodicalId":43628,"journal":{"name":"Monash Bioethics Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medical humanities, bioethics, and the (im)possibility of interdisciplinarity. Introduction to the special issue on the medical humanities in the 21^st century. 医学人文，生物伦理学，以及跨学科的可能性。21世纪医学人文特刊导论。

IF 1.6

Monash Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1007/s40592-025-00260-3

Alberto Giubilini

引用次数: 0

Teaching and learning medical humanities in medical school: a student's perspective on professional practice curriculum in Australia. 医学院医学人文学科的教学与学习：学生对澳大利亚专业实践课程的看法。

IF 1.6

Monash Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40592-025-00258-x

Matthew Melhem, Vinita Rane, Charlotte Denniston, George P Drewett

{"title":"Teaching and learning medical humanities in medical school: a student's perspective on professional practice curriculum in Australia.","authors":"Matthew Melhem, Vinita Rane, Charlotte Denniston, George P Drewett","doi":"10.1007/s40592-025-00258-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40592-025-00258-x","url":null,"abstract":"The growing integration of the medical humanities in medical school curricula highlights its importance in the development of culturally safe, patient-centred clinicians. Internationally, medical schools attempt to increase student engagement through course electives, different modes of assessment and diverse content delivery. At the University of Melbourne, the Professional Practice program aims to provide an easy, engaging way of exposing students to the medical humanities, including reflective practice, collaborative practice, leadership, advocacy, professional identity formation, medical ethics and law. However, students' perceptions of the medical humanities may prevent desired outcomes from being reached. We discuss the student experience of the Professional Practice curriculum through a collaboration between a student, tutor and course designers focusing on student engagement and perspectives of the program. Overall, students felt uncomfortable with the flexibility and ambiguity of the medical humanities when compared to the rigidity of biomedical knowledge. Additionally, modes of assessment typically used in the humanities such as reflective writing were found to be unpopular. Students' involvement in the co-facilitation of classes helped develop communication skills and leadership but overall participation was still dependent on individual factors. Ultimately, the medical school and student body must work together to develop a medical humanities curriculum that is both complementary and viewed as of equal importance to the clinical curriculum.","PeriodicalId":43628,"journal":{"name":"Monash Bioethics Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond the algorithm: the importance of medical humanities in the age of AI. 超越算法：医学人文在人工智能时代的重要性。

IF 1.6

Monash Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1007/s40592-025-00259-w

Marco Paglialonga, Cristiana Simonetti

{"title":"Beyond the algorithm: the importance of medical humanities in the age of AI.","authors":"Marco Paglialonga, Cristiana Simonetti","doi":"10.1007/s40592-025-00259-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40592-025-00259-w","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) is radically transforming healthcare by introducing innovative tools that enhance diagnosis, personalized therapies, and medical training. However, this technological progress raises ethical and social questions, particularly regarding the centrality of human relationships in care. Medical Humanities (MH), a field combining the humanities and medicine, provide a critical framework to balance technological innovation and empathy. Through interdisciplinary approaches, MH fosters healthcare education that integrates technical expertise with humanistic sensitivity, preventing the dehumanization of care. In this context, narrative medicine emerges as a vital tool to emphasize patients' individual stories, with AI amplifying its impact through advanced data analysis. This article offers a conceptual analysis examines the dialogue between AI and MH, highlighting the challenges and opportunities of this synergy. It also discusses strategies to mitigate algorithmic biases and ensure an ethical and inclusive approach, envisioning a future where technology and humanity coexist harmoniously in medical practice. This integration is key to promoting patient-centered care while preserving the core values of therapeutic relationships.","PeriodicalId":43628,"journal":{"name":"Monash Bioethics Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0