Talanta Open最新文献

{"title":"Development of a green GC-FID method for residual solvent analysis in paliperidone nanocrystal formulations: Validation and greenness assessment","authors":"Manohar S K ,&nbsp;Gowrav M P ,&nbsp;Mounika P ,&nbsp;Karthika Paul ,&nbsp;Hemanth Vikram P R ,&nbsp;Maged Mohammed Abdo Mohsen ,&nbsp;Bannimath Gurupadayya","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Residual solvents like dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), commonly used in the formulation of paliperidone nanocrystals, require stringent quantification to ensure safety and regulatory compliance. This study presents the development of a novel, sensitive, and specific Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) method for their accurate determination.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Paliperidone nanocrystals were prepared by the antisolvent precipitation method. A novel analytical method was developed by using gas chromatography for residual solvent analysis present in nanocrystals. The analytical method utilized an Rtx column (dimensions: 30.0 mm x 0.25 mm) with nitrogen gas as the carrier and methanol as the diluent. The developed gas chromatography method was validated as per ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analysis via GC-FID yielded a prominent peak for the residual solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), at a retention time of 1.819 minutes under a pressure of 170.3 kPa and a flow rate of 28 mL/min. The GC oven temperature commenced at 50 °C and was maintained for 3 minutes. Subsequently, a programmed ramp of 10 °C/minute was applied until a final temperature of 100 °C was reached, which was then held for 3 minutes. The detector temperature was constant at 250 °C. Validation following ICH guidelines confirmed method specificity, sensitivity and linearity within a 2–10 µL/mL range. The Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.0047 µL/mL and 0.0136 µL/mL, respectively. The residual solvent DMSO in the 1 mg of paliperidone nanocrystal sample was found to be 21.91 ppm. Greenness and whiteness evaluation were performed for the developed method.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This novel GC-FID method offers a robust and dependable analytical approach for the determination of residual solvents in paliperidone nanocrystals and has an application in the routine quality control analysis. Moreover, the method aligns with green analytical chemistry principles by incorporating low solvent consumption, reduced waste generation, and energy-efficient operation, thereby supporting environmentally sustainable pharmaceutical quality control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100520"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated MIP-based in-tip dispersive micro-solid phase extraction for determination of ketoprofen in environmental water: A proof of concept and performance evaluation","authors":"Mohammed T. Shehabeldeen ,&nbsp;Fotouh R. Mansour ,&nbsp;Samah F. El-Malla ,&nbsp;Aya A. Abdella","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Automated in-tip dispersive micro-solid phase extraction is a miniaturized technique that could afford advantages of solid phase extraction with fewer steps and reduced environmental hazard. In this work, molecularly imprinted polymer was evaluated as a packing sorbent for a lab-made automated dispersive pipette tip extraction (MIP-DPX). The MIP was prepared using chitosan as the functional monomer, glutaraldehyde as the crosslinker, and ketoprofen (KTP) as the template molecule. The efficiency of KTP extraction using the devised automated tip was studied by investigating the effect of adsorption pH, elution volume, and the number of aspirating/dispensing cycles. High recovery rates were obtained at pH 4 employing 8 cycles of aspiration followed by KTP elution using methanol (500 μL) in a single dispensing cycle. The developed MIP-DPX demonstrated good linearity and reproducibility, making it suitable for KTP determination in environmental water. MIP-DPX was evaluated for environmental friendliness using the Complex Green Analytical Procedure Index (Complex GAPI) and Analytical GREEnness metric (AGREE), as well as practicality using the Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI). The developed workflow was proved to be a practical, environmentally friendly, and economic approach for pre-concentration and determination of KTP. The devised in-tip extraction system showed promising results paving the way for expanding the applicability of MIP-based SPE towards their automation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100522"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative proteomics analysis of pertussis: Uncovering biomarkers for diagnosis and disease monitoring and insights into pathogenesis","authors":"Yang Xu ,&nbsp;Ke Cao ,&nbsp;Tao Huang ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Cuixia Guo ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Yang ,&nbsp;Yonghong He ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Luo ,&nbsp;Defa Li","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pertussis, a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis, remains a significant global health challenge despite vaccination efforts. China has witnessed a resurgence of cases, especially among young children. The diverse clinical manifestations and non-specific symptoms hinder early diagnosis. This study utilized quantitative proteomics analysis to explore differential protein expression in pertussis bacteremia, pneumonia, and non-complicated cases. The key findings include distinct protein profiles across different infection types, which suggest potential biomarkers and offer insights into disease severity and progression. Specifically, proteins such as ADH6 and TTC38 were significantly upregulated in pertussis sepsis, while LRRC42 was downregulated in pertussis pneumonia. During the progression of pertussis sepsis, NCOA3 increased and KCRS decreased from disease onset to improvement, and SAA2 surged in the recovery stage. In comparing pertussis sepsis patients with different outcomes, PTMS, NNMT, and ASSY were downregulated in the deceased patient.These findings enhance our understanding of pertussis pathogenesis, providing crucial insights for the development of more effective vaccines, diagnostics, and treatments, ultimately aiming to reduce the global burden of this infectious disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100521"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arduino-based portable point-of-care colorimetric glucose biosensor using nanozyme with enhanced peroxidase-like activity","authors":"Ola G. Hussein ,&nbsp;Amr M. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Aya A. Mouhamed ,&nbsp;Yan Dou ,&nbsp;Qiong Nian ,&nbsp;Nardine Safwat","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanozymes engineered to mimic natural enzyme catalysis have emerged as promising alternatives due to their enhanced stability, cost-effectiveness, and tunable catalytic properties compared to biological enzymes. Developing nanozymes with well-defined porous structures and heteroatom doping is key to improving catalytic efficiency and selectivity particularly for applications in biosensing. Nanotechnology has become a key enabler in advancing catalysis, biosensing, and environmental monitoring thanks to the exceptional properties of nanomaterials such as large surface area, customizable optical characteristics, and enhanced catalytic activity. In this study, a novel nanozyme platform based on creatinine–thiourea–FeCl₃ nanoparticles (CTF-NPs) was developed via a one-step pyrolysis method using colloidal silica as a porosity template. The synthesized CTF-NPs were uniformly structured as confirmed by SEM, EDX, FT-IR, UV–Vis, and XRD and featured effective nitrogen, sulfur, and iron doping contributing to their catalytic efficiency. The CTF-NPs exhibited strong peroxidase-like activity catalyzing the colorimetric oxidation of <em>o</em>-phenylenediamine (OPD) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Kinetic studies revealed a K_m of 0.819 mM and a V_max of 1.620 μM/min outperforming several previously reported nanozyme systems. The sensor displayed a linear detection range of 10–700 μM for H₂O₂ with an excellent correlation coefficient (r= 0.9975) optimal at pH 4<strong>,</strong> 40 °C<strong>,</strong> and 10-minute incubation. Upon coupling with glucose oxidase (GOx), the platform enabled indirect glucose detection via enzymatically generated H₂O₂ showing a linear range of 100–600 μM with a correlation coefficient of r= 0.9953. The system exhibited high selectivity against common interferents, reproducible fabrication, and reliable performance in spiked human serum samples. Integration of the nanozyme system with a portable RGB color sensor (TCS34725) enabled quantitative, user-friendly, and instrument-free detection supporting the development of accessible point-of-care diagnostics. This work introduces a scalable and robust platform for glucose monitoring with promising implications for diabetes management and decentralized healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100519"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-performance MIL-53(Fe)-incorporated cellulose acetate membranes for efficient dye and wastewater treatment","authors":"Suvarna P. Dhongade ,&nbsp;Surya Teja Malkapuram ,&nbsp;Shirish H. Sonawane ,&nbsp;Sivakumar Manickam","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the development of high-performance cellulose acetate (CA) membranes embedded with MIL-53(Fe), a metal organic framework (MOF), for efficient dye removal from wastewater. MIL-53(Fe) was synthesized via solvothermal methods and comprehensively characterized using XRD, FTIR, FESEM, TEM, BET, and TGA analyses. XRD and FTIR confirmed the successful formation and integration of MIL-53(Fe) within the CA matrix, while BET analysis revealed a surface area of 34.16 m²/g and pore diameter of 3.42 nm. Electron microscopy demonstrated well-defined polyhedral morphologies and layered crystalline domains, with AFM revealing an increase in surface roughness as MOF loading increased. Composite membranes exhibited enhanced thermal stability and mechanical strength, with tensile strength improving by ∼75 % at 0.75 wt.% MOF due to optimal dispersion; higher loadings led to agglomeration and performance decline. The CA/MIL-0.75 membrane achieved superior water permeability and dye rejection, removing 96 % of Safranin-O and 98 % of Direct Yellow-12. Surface densification, improved porosity, and increased hydrophilicity contributed to enhanced separation performance. Real wastewater treatment trials confirmed effective pollutant removal from textile effluent and greywater. These findings underscore the potential of MIL-53(Fe)-modified CA membranes as robust, thermally stable, and efficient materials for sustainable water purification applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel and Ultra-sensitive Harnessing of Native Fluorescence and Bio-Inspired N, S-CQDs: A Greener Path to Pharmaceutical and Biological Analysis of Moexipril with Enhanced Sustainability Profiles","authors":"Neamat T. Barakat,&nbsp;Heba Abd El-Aziz,&nbsp;Manal I. Eid,&nbsp;Fawzia A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring the level of Moexipril is crucial for hypertensive patients, therefore two environmentally friendly, rapid and selective analytical techniques have been established for its sensitive measurement. First method relies on direct measurement of its native fluorescence at λ_ex 282 nm / λ_em 315 nm. The second method is based on the efficient and quantitative enhancement of N, S-CQDs fluorescence intensity by Moexipril in the presence of 1% Tween. The remarkably fluorescent N and S-CQDs were developed via 8 minutes microwave-aided one-pot synthesis using promising, cheap and widely available precursors (Arugula leaves) for the first time. The sensor is characterized by excellent doping efficiency (N, 13.01% and S, 12.39%), narrow particle size distribution (2.7±0.6 nm), reproducibility and good fluorescence at λ_ex 320nm / λ_em 430 nm with 68.5% quantum yield. Also, the designed probe selectivity was verified in presence of possible co-existing excipients, various metal ions and co-administered drugs that grants the practical applicability of N, S-CQDs as an environmental probe. Additionally, both methods showed excellent linearity (r = 0.9999) within the specified concentrations range (0.02-0.6 and 0.004-0.7 µg/mL for method I and II, respectively) and they were implemented for the analysis of Moexipril in pharmaceutical tablets and biological fluids, yielding high recovery percentages. The proposed procedures were fully validated in compliance with the ICH Guidelines. Moreover, the greenness, blueness and whiteness profiles of developed methods were evaluated for accomplishment of a complete ecological profile of the designed fluorimetric methodologies and the excellent obtained results confirmed their excellent eco friendless, good applicability and sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial siderophore as a green solvent for the development of FRAP assay as a potential antioxidant test: A comparative study","authors":"Nisha Nerlekar ,&nbsp;Prafull Dandge ,&nbsp;Vinod Nandre ,&nbsp;Padma Dandge","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unlocking the power of nature, this study introduces pyoverdine, a naturally derived bacterial siderophore, as a green solvent for the FRAP assay, marking a significant step toward sustainable and ecofriendly antioxidant testing. This study developed and validated a novel Pyoverdine-Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay for assessing antioxidant activity. Pyoverdine, a secondary metabolite secreted by <em>Pseudomonas taiwanensis</em> R-12–2, was successfully isolated and screened for antioxidant potential. In this study we have evaluated the antioxidant activity of three standard antioxidants like gallic acid, tannic acid, and quercetin using both the traditional Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay and a novel pyoverdine-based Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (PFrAP) assay. The FRAP assay demonstrated significant reducing power for all three compounds, with gallic acid showing the highest antioxidant activity, reflected by an EC₅₀ value of 42.28±0.15 μM. Tannic acid and quercetin exhibited EC₅₀ values of 48.03±0.78 μM and 49.81±0.25 μM, respectively. The PFrAP assay showed similar results, with EC₅₀ values of 42.54±0.71 μM for gallic acid, 49.96±3.88 μM for tannic acid, and 50.27±1.40 μM for quercetin. This innovative approach not only reduces environmental impact but also holds broad potential for application in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and food industries, paving the way for a new era of green analytical techniques for antioxidant evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100515"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paper-based analytical devices for smart foodborne pathogen detection","authors":"Hadeer M. Bedair ,&nbsp;Mohamed Emara ,&nbsp;Tamer M. Samir ,&nbsp;Mahmoud A.F. Khalil ,&nbsp;Shima Mahmoud Ali ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Hamed ,&nbsp;Fotouh R. Mansour","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food safety continues to be a critical global challenge, with foodborne pathogens posing significant risks to public health and economic stability. The rapid detection of these pathogens, especially in resource-limited settings, is essential to mitigate outbreaks and enhance food safety systems. This review explores the advancements in paper-based analytical devices (PADs) as a practical, cost-effective, and portable solution for the detection of foodborne pathogens. Various detection platforms, including nucleic acid-based sensors, aptamer-integrated systems, Immunochromatographic assays, and nanoparticle-enhanced biosensors, are evaluated for their effectiveness in rapid and on-site testing. PADs meet the key requirements for point-of-need testing, including simplicity, speed, affordability, and versatility. Their ability to integrate with modern technologies such as smartphones and machine learning enhances their analytical performance and accessibility. Despite their promise, challenges remain, including sensitivity limitations and scalability. Addressing these gaps could unlock the full potential of PADs for widespread use in food safety monitoring and pathogen detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100511"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical detection of aflatoxins using a ZnO nanowire-modified biosensor with a droplet-based approach","authors":"James Salveo Olarve ,&nbsp;Gil Nonato Santos ,&nbsp;Sang Sub Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aflatoxin contamination poses significant health risks and food safety concerns, and necessitates the development of rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective detection methods. This study reports the development of a portable, cost-effective electrochemical biosensor using zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires synthesized via the Horizontal Vapor Phase Crystal (HVPC) growth technique for the detection of multiple aflatoxin types. The sensor integrates a droplet-based cyclic voltammetry (CV) system with a ZnO-modified working electrode on a disposable printed chip. Morphological and elemental characterization confirmed the formation of high-purity ZnO nanowires with diameters predominantly below 100 nm. The sensor exhibited a wide and stable potential window (–0.48 V to +2.00 V), hydrophobic surface properties, and Ohmic electrical behavior. Electrochemical measurements revealed four distinct redox peaks, corresponding likely to the mixed standard of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2, with anodic and cathodic responses increasing linearly across the 5 % to 50 % aflatoxin dilution range, which is approximately from 5ppb to 50ppb. The calibration curves yielded high linearity (R² &gt; 0.97), and the calculated limits of detection ranged from 4.35 to 15 ppb—below the FDA’s 20 ppb regulatory threshold. With a rapid response time (∼57 s) and minimal sample volume (10 μL), this sensor offers a practical alternative to traditional chromatographic or spectroscopic methods. Although this study was limited to standard solutions, the findings demonstrate strong potential for real-time aflatoxin monitoring in food and agricultural settings, particularly in resource-limited environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging analytical frontiers in microplastic detection: From spectroscopy to smart sensor technologies","authors":"Jen-Tai Lin ,&nbsp;Ya-Ping Chung ,&nbsp;Yen-Yi Lee ,&nbsp;Tong-Lin Wu ,&nbsp;Thao Thi Thu Huynh ,&nbsp;Phung Thi Nguyen ,&nbsp;Mei-Jou Lu ,&nbsp;Bo-Wun Huang ,&nbsp;Balasubramanian Sriram ,&nbsp;Sea-Fue Wang ,&nbsp;Guo-Ping Chang-Chien ,&nbsp;Sakthivel Kogularasu ,&nbsp;Wan-Ching Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs), defined as synthetic polymeric particles smaller than 5 mm and 1 μm, respectively, have emerged as pervasive and persistent pollutants across aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments, as well as within biological systems. Their heterogeneous physicochemical nature spanning diverse polymer compositions, morphologies, and surface chemistries complicates detection, especially in complex matrices at environmentally relevant concentrations. This review critically examines the recent advances in analytical methodologies for the detection, identification, and quantification of MPs and NPs, with a focus on interdisciplinary innovations spanning vibrational spectroscopy (µ-FTIR, µ-Raman, SRS), thermal decomposition-mass spectrometry (Py-GC–MS, TED-GC–MS, TOF-SIMS), and emerging electrochemical sensing strategies (EIS, PEC, and voltammetric sensors). Particular attention is given to electrochemical platforms that exploit polymer–electrode interfacial interactions, enabling label-free, sensitive, and real-time detection with potential for miniaturization and in-field deployment. Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms with high-dimensional spectral and electrochemical datasets is discussed as a transformative approach for enhancing classification accuracy, reducing analysis time, and facilitating automated detection. The review also highlights recent demonstrations of point-of-care devices, smartphone-integrated sensors, and microfluidic-based capture systems capable of detecting MPs/NPs in environmental and biological matrices. Finally, key challenges, including nanoplastic traceability, spectral overlap, lack of standardization, and the absence of certified reference materials, are evaluated, and future directions are proposed for the development of unified, high-throughput, and regulatory-compliant detection frameworks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100514"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}