{"title":"An architecture for context aware management","authors":"C. Candolin, H. Kari","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290109","url":null,"abstract":"Military networks are subject to frequent changes due to hostile activities, movement of forces, weather conditions, terrain, etc. In order to function optimally, the network nodes must be able to rapidly adapt to the changes in the environment. Traditionally, this has been done by tailoring applications and protocols to exchange information. However, such solutions suffer from several disadvantages, e.g. due to their lack of generality. In this paper we present a context aware management architecture that adapts the behavior of the node to the current environment. The protocols and applications are responsible only for the tasks for which they have originally been designed, and need not be aware of the environment at all. The CAM architecture is especially suitable to mobile military ad hoc networks, which are seen as a possible future communication network solution on the battlefield.","PeriodicalId":435910,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2003. MILCOM 2003.","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115132058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anti-jamming property of clustered OFDM for dispersive channels","authors":"Hua Zhang, Ye Li","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290125","url":null,"abstract":"Clustered OFDM has not only inherent ability to mitigate intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by delay spread of radio channels, but also great flexibility for multiple access. In this paper, we combine clustered OFDM with spread spectrum techniques to design anti-jamming modulation for tactical communications. We analyze the anti-jamming performance of clustered OFDM spread spectrum systems for dispersive channels and derive an exact bit-error-rate (BER) expression for uncoded systems. For coded systems with hard and soft-decision, we investigate their performance bounds. Our numerical results show that the proposed scheme provides great ability of anti-jamming and combating dispersive fading of radio channels.","PeriodicalId":435910,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2003. MILCOM 2003.","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122102220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hardware-aware communication protocols in low energy wireless sensor networks","authors":"Fanchun Jin, Hyeong-Ah Choi, S. Subramaniam","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290185","url":null,"abstract":"As the energy consumption in sensor nodes is dominated by the radio transmission/reception circuitry, communication protocols must be designed for economy in radio communications. Sensor nodes are generally equipped with short-range radios that have various characteristics including data rate, power consumption in transmit, receive, and sleep modes, and time to switch from one mode to another. These parameters can have significant effects on the performance of communication protocols in low energy sensor networks. In this paper, we consider a protocol called STEM that was proposed in [C. Schurgers et. al., January-March 2002] and optimize the protocol's parameters by considering the radio characteristics.","PeriodicalId":435910,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2003. MILCOM 2003.","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121070227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance of hybrid link power control using wideband gapfiller satellite-based automatic level control (ALC) and ground-based link power control (LPC)","authors":"Lan N. Nguyen, G. Kinal, H. Paul","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290155","url":null,"abstract":"The wideband gapfiller satellite (WGS) is planned for launch in 2005, Features include the use of phased array antennas to form eight shapeable beams in X band; and mechanically-steered dish antennas to form ten beams in Ka band. Automatic level control (ALC) for each channel may optionally be used to maintain total channel power at the ALC output at a constant level. Digital signal processing techniques are used to implement switchable and gain-adjustable 2.6 MHz subchannels. This paper examines the use of ALC on the WGS satellite; and considers interactions between the ALC (which has variable gain) and link power control (LPC), when both are employed. Simultaneous use of ALC and LPC, when suitably configured, results in a more efficient utilization of the WGS system.","PeriodicalId":435910,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2003. MILCOM 2003.","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123793603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-mode SCTP in battlefield networks and analytic modeling","authors":"Z. Yi, T. Saadawi, Myung J. Lee","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290180","url":null,"abstract":"Military applications in battlefield networks may have dramatically different requirements in terms of transmission reliability and throughput. To make stream control transmission protocol (SCTP) better suit for those applications, we propose multi-mode SCTP, which includes reliability enhancement mode (REM), normal transmission mode (NTM) and throughput enhancement mode (TEM). Transmission schemes of these 3 modes including benefits and shortcomings are explained in details. We also develop analytic models for each mode. Simulation results demonstrate that our analytic models can accurately predict throughput of SCTP in NTM and TEM.","PeriodicalId":435910,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2003. MILCOM 2003.","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124174702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"M-ary frequency shift keying signal classification based-on discrete Fourier transform","authors":"Z. Yu, Y.Q. Shi, W. Su","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290361","url":null,"abstract":"The existing decision-theory based classifiers for M-ary frequency shift keying (MFSK) signals have assumed that there is some prior knowledge of the transmitted MFSK signal parameters; while the feature-based classifiers have some limitations such as that their thresholds are signal-to-noise-ratio-dependent (SNR-dependent). In this paper, we investigate some useful properties of the amplitude spectrum of MFSK signals. Using these properties as classification criteria, a fast Fourier transform based classifier (FFTC) of MFSK signals has been developed. The FFTC algorithm is practical since it only requires some reasonable knowledge of a received signal. It is found that the FFTC algorithm works well in classifying 2-FSK, 4-FSK, 8-FSK, 16-FSK, and 32-FSK signals when SNR>0dB. The FFTC algorithm also gives good estimation of the frequency deviation of the received MFSK signal.","PeriodicalId":435910,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2003. MILCOM 2003.","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129336178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Future combat system-scalable mobile network demonstration performance and validation results","authors":"W. W. Brown, V. Marano, W.H. MacCorkell, T. Krout","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290412","url":null,"abstract":"The Boeing/SAIC lead system integrator (LSI) team is designing a networked communications capability for the US Army/DARPA future combat system (FCS). This paper will discuss the results of a scalable mobile network (SMN) demonstration conducted in first quarter 2003 at Fort Dix and Lakehurst Naval Air Engineering Station in New Jersey. The scalable mobile network demonstration was designed to address three of the most challenging aspects of the FCS network communications architecture; Scalability of the network architecture to provide connectivity to the full FCS unit of action (UA), quality-of-service (QoS) in a heterogeneous network environment, and communications robustness in a mobile ad-hoc network. The demonstration was designed to show, in an operationally significant scenario, the technologies required to realize these capabilities. The demonstration consisted of a Brigade slice of an PCs combined arms battalion conducting a raid in a military operations in urban terrain (MOUT) scenario. This operation fielded a total of 63 nodes (42 vehicles, 18 dismounted soldiers and 3 air platforms) hosting 78 radios organized into 9 unique radio networks. Specific nodes were configured to be gateway nodes between networks by incorporating a router function within the platform. The demonstration utilized both new and legacy radios including radios from DARPA's FCS-communications and small unit operation-situational awareness system (SUO-SAS) programs, VRC-99 radios along with wideband JTRS radios (WJRs) and radio network access units (R-NA Us) from the Army's MOSAIC program. The Boeing/SAIC LSI team integrated these diverse radios into a heterogeneous network to demonstrate key technologies used in on-the-move tactical communications for the FCS force. The radios/routers were configured to emulate the functionality of the JTRS radio that will be the backbone radio for PCS. Field results for the scalable mobile network demonstration are discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":435910,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2003. MILCOM 2003.","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125050598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new model for computing the intermodulation signal spectra for a nonlinear amplifier","authors":"P. Kullstam, J. Oetting","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290072","url":null,"abstract":"Intermodulation products can have a significant impact on system performance in any situation in which multiple signals traverse a nonlinear amplifier (e.g., satellite transponders operating into saturation or cellular radio base station amplifiers). This paper presents a new algorithm for determining the intermodulation signal powers and spectra of arbitrary order for any memoryless zonal or IF nonlinear amplifier, given its arbitrary amplitude (or power) and phase characteristics. Introduced as a mathematically based model for a joint occupancy algorithm (JOA), the model's predictions are most accurate for the case of many input signals. The implementation is much simpler than that of previous approaches; furthermore, the processing task is virtually independent of the number of input signals and the order of the intermodulation signal spectra sought. In this paper, we describe the JOA model, derive the equations employed to evaluate the intermodulation signal powers and spectra, and compare some sample results with the corresponding results computed using more traditional methods. Finally, some limitations of the model are discussed.","PeriodicalId":435910,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2003. MILCOM 2003.","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127662166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vijay Dheap, M. A. Munawar, S. Naik, Paul A. S. Ward
{"title":"Parameterized neighborhood based flooding for ad hoc wireless networks","authors":"Vijay Dheap, M. A. Munawar, S. Naik, Paul A. S. Ward","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290313","url":null,"abstract":"Flooding is a simple routing technique that can be used to transmit data from one node to every other node in a network. The focus of this paper is to investigate improvements to flooding techniques used in ad hoc wireless networks. Recent work has focused on using topological information to reduce the number of broadcasts. The number of broadcasts necessary to flood the network was the major performance metric used to compare previous neighborhood-based flooding algorithms. We build upon this foundation by first presenting a parameterized neighborhood-based flooding (PNBF) algorithm, which provides a single platform for the performance comparison of various multihop neighborhood-based flooding algorithms. We also introduce and motivate the use of additional performance metrics, including total number of collisions and percentage of nodes that receive the message, for comparing flooding algorithms. An analysis is given of how different network properties, such as average node degree, communication patterns, affect the performance of the different neighborhood-based flooding algorithms. Our simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm is capable of handling a wide variety of situations where properties of ad hoc networks along with the relative importance of the performance criteria are taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":435910,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2003. MILCOM 2003.","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125670227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Stevens, M. Feeney, L. Tipton, J. Nilsson, M. Skold, T. Ericson
{"title":"Scenario based analysis of dynamic TDMA ad-hoc tactical battlefield networking","authors":"J. Stevens, M. Feeney, L. Tipton, J. Nilsson, M. Skold, T. Ericson","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2003.1290419","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the performance of dynamic TDMA ad-hoc networking within a tactical scenario simulation. The tactical scenario involves a Swedish mechanized battalion drawn up for armed combat and then responding with a high speed movement to counter an enemy airdrop. The TDMA ad-hoc networking is based upon orthogonal domain multiple access (ODMA) managed by unified slot allocation protocol (USAP) and distance vector routing. The traffic includes voice, situational awareness (SA), and Internet protocol (IP) data associated with battlefield digitization. A terrain database was used for modeling the propagation at 300 MHz with updates for nodal movements every second. Link closure was based upon performance of the Rockwell Collins software defined radio (SDR) and bandwidth efficient adaptive modulation (BEAM). The simulation showed that it is feasible to support the scenario with ad hoc networking.","PeriodicalId":435910,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2003. MILCOM 2003.","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127895328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}