Sociologija最新文献

{"title":"Successful society and applied sociology","authors":"Silvano Bolcic","doi":"10.2298/soc19s1758b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/soc19s1758b","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary Serbian society, as well as other post-Yugoslav societies (excluding Slovenia) could not be classified as successful societies. For three decades, incapacity to achieve the level of the GDP per capita comparable to their situation in the 1989. is the persisting feature of these societies. These societies are characterized by a considerable and persisting emigration of their population, especially, of the emigration of their most valuable segments of their labor force. These are societies in which dominate unsuccessful political, economic and cultural elites, incapable of providing appropriate public policies which would lead these societies closer to the modern successful societies. Essential features of successful societies are being discussed. Outstanding identification of the great majority of citizens with the institutionally established society is considered as the essential feature of a successful society. Several other important features of societal successfulness are also considered. There are given some empirical findings supporting the presented assessments of the societal successfulness of the post-Yugoslav societies. Social circumstances contributing to the formation and persistence of successful public policies are being considered, with some reference to the situation in nowadays Serbia. Particular relevance for the societal successfulness is being attributed to the system of ownership relations, and to the system of social promotion. Also, it is claimed that existing problems with the persisting inefficiencies of public policies in the post-Yugoslav societies stem from the formation of these societies as ?ethno-nationalized? societies. Ignorance on the side of creators of policy measures of relevant scientific findings provided by social sciences, and sociology in particular, seem to be one of the contributing factors of the unsuccessful developments of the former Yugoslav, as well as of the existing post-Yugoslav societies. Some cases of the neglect of sociological proposals to the creators of the public policy have been described and assessed. Observations on the trends in applied sociology in the Yugoslav and post-Yugoslav societies have been mentioned. The need for the improved role of the applied sociology is being suggested.","PeriodicalId":43515,"journal":{"name":"Sociologija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68777457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Political informing through social media across Europe - factors and effects","authors":"D. Petrović, Miloš Bešić","doi":"10.2298/soc1904565p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/soc1904565p","url":null,"abstract":"Social media play a significant role in political informing across Europe and the rest of the world. That is why the political consequences of social media use have become one of the prominent issues in contemporary social research. In line with that, this paper investigates how the use of social media for political informing is associated with the state of democracy in European countries and how individual satisfaction with the level of democracy and the political activism of citizens are affected by social media use. We have used data from the latest European Value Survey, conducted in 2017-2018. Our data sample included 30 countries with the referent number of more than 56000 respondents involved in the survey. The main finding of our research is that a deficit of democracy leads people to use social media as a part of their political informing repertoires. This finding applies to both, those who live in undemocratic circumstances and those who live in developed democracies but have a negative personal perception of democratic procedures in their country. It seems that once citizens are ?forced? to use social media for political informing, they, in turn, become influenced by media content displayed there and by other peoples? ideas. In other words, the very use of social media makes them even more critical of democracy and consequently more politically active, which brings them back to social media.","PeriodicalId":43515,"journal":{"name":"Sociologija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68776876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volunteering and helping in Serbia: Main characteristics","authors":"B. Radovanović","doi":"10.2298/SOC1901133R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC1901133R","url":null,"abstract":"Volunteering is conceptualised as an activity when time is given freely to benefit another person, group or cause. Such activity can be done through formal organisations and informal groups, but time can also be given directly to people in need. However, volunteering to formal organisations tend to predominate in the research, and our knowledge on the factors that promote such behaviour mostly comes from countries where this form of giving time is well developed, particularly from Anglo-Saxon and Western and Northern European countries. Focussing on three forms of giving time in Serbia: volunteering to formal organisations, volunteering in informal groups and helping individuals, this paper seeks to address these gaps in the literature. Data analysed in this paper come from the first encompassing national survey on pro-social behaviour (N= 1,528) carried out in Serbia in 2014. This research shows that providing direct help to people (71.2%) is by far a more common activity than volunteering to formal organisations (27.7%) and participating in the activities of informal groups (22.8%). There are differences in giving time according to socio-demographic characteristics. In general, respondents who reported giving time are likely to be found among the younger population, among students and those without health problems. Also, different socio-demographic groups of population engage in different forms of giving time.","PeriodicalId":43515,"journal":{"name":"Sociologija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68775539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What we talk about when we talk about family?: Concept in context","authors":"S. Tomanović","doi":"10.2298/soc1903301t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/soc1903301t","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper is to point at the sources of ideologization of concept of family through presenting its definition and use in modern social, mainly sociological, thought in XIX and XX century. The analysis has been done through contextualization - interpretation of family concept definition within frameworks of various sociological theories that are embedded within socio-historical contexts of their emergence. The first part of the paper deals with main obstacles for conceptualization and exploration of family life. Analysis of sociological theories showed that both definition of family and the attitude towards modern family are in function of central theoretical proposition of the approach, whether it is set as social system integration or emancipation of an individual. Sociological studies are also burdened with normativism, since scholars view modern family as an ideological construct of ?success story?, both from the standpoint of its apology or criticism, therefore neglecting reality of family life in its variety. In the concluding part, I raise the questions of possibility and a mode of comprehending and exploring particularly contemporary family without a burden of its ideologization.","PeriodicalId":43515,"journal":{"name":"Sociologija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68776269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociological field, fractal distinctions and morals: On emergence of analytical sociology","authors":"Stefan Janković","doi":"10.2298/soc1901005j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/soc1901005j","url":null,"abstract":"In the past quarter of century, sociology encountered several distinct attempts that assign themselves a task of ample reconstruction of disciplinary grounds. Analytical sociology grows among these, as a peculiar tangle of solutions filled with causalist language common to epistemology which preceded the relativist blow in the 1960s, focused on explaining the individual actions as ?original? sense of sociologist?s job and restoration of Merton?s mid-range theory. By following Pierre Bourdieu?s theory of scientific field and the Andrew Abbott?s model of fractal distinctions, this paper seeks to discern the emergence of analytical sociology. Unlike the two ?common? alternatives in science studies - constructivism and realism, these approaches offer richer ground for tracing of scientific flows, by focusing on amalgamations that form scientists? practices through divisions, conventions, acclamations and mutual evaluations. Their particular advantage also is in treatment of moral dimension of scientific endeavour. After offering a brief consideration of these standpoints, we proceed by discerning the crucial segments of analytical program - its theoretical sources, the key concept of mechanism supported with specific theory of causality that prioritizes rational choices of individuals and finally, simulation method and agent-based modeling. At the end, we seek to discern the moral dimensions of both the analytical sociology and its critiques: of mechanism, as spontaneous order of social reality emerging from voluntary acts and conscious choices and the way in which a sociologist, as a professional, should treat suchlike conformity.","PeriodicalId":43515,"journal":{"name":"Sociologija","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68774935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Youth migration and life course transitions: Comparing the impact of women’s mobility across generations in Bulgaria","authors":"S. Kovacheva, D. Hristozova","doi":"10.2298/SOC1902210K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC1902210K","url":null,"abstract":"Migration abroad has become a significant part of the life experiences of a growing number of Bulgarian youths, since the regime change in 1989. In this paper we explore the effect of migration on the life transitions of two generations of young Bulgarians - the ?Transition? generation o f those who had their formative years in the 1990s during the country?s transition from state socialism to a market economy and the ?Accession? generation of those who grew up after the country joined the EU in 2007 in a somewhat better economic situation. Taking into consideration the impact of the social context in the sending country in two different historical periods (before and after 2007) a nd in the receiving countries we focus on the differences of the transition paths of lower and higher skilled female migrants within the two migrant generations. The paper draws on a data base of 42 qualitative interviews with Bulgarian migrants living in EU countries that were conducted in 2017 and an in -depth analysis of the life trajectories of four women belonging to the two migrant generations. Our findings suggest that facing different structural constraints in their countries of departure and reception, young people employ diverse strategies of settling down, achieving success and attaining happiness. In the process they transform their social ties and national identities.","PeriodicalId":43515,"journal":{"name":"Sociologija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68775363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet culture between reality and virtuality: Neoliberal challenge to Manuel Castells’ theory","authors":"Nikola Mladjenovic","doi":"10.2298/soc1904550m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/soc1904550m","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores internet culture as a system of beliefs and rules that affect behaviour. Virtuality shapes culture through software accentuation of some aspects of simbolically processed reality. Castells believes the first wave of users arranged this symbolic mechanism. This paper focuses on the techno–meritocratic culture or scientific establishment: primarily neoliberal constructionism that influenced the network society’s informationalist mode of development. By following Fritz Machlup’s notion of knowledge, neoliberal scholarship increased the capacity of social management through technology. Castells shows network society is based on communication power: affective intelligence, political cognition or media technology serve as cultural network–making techniques. Knowledge is processed as Big Data and users are managed by computer assistance or cognitive insight applications. The crucial aspect of informationalist cybernetics is homophily, a criterion of similarity of users that receive analogous Facebook, Netflix or Amazon suggestions. The role of recommendation systems in construction of populism is discussed in second part. It is shown populism is a phenomenon constructed through a virtual network. Collective sense–making and cultural identity are informationalist products of Big Data’s symbolic mechanism. In concluding discussion, pre–digital social theories, like Bourdieu’s or Giddens’, are examined in context of cultural virtuality.","PeriodicalId":43515,"journal":{"name":"Sociologija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68776801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reality, emotionality, and intimacy in digital social connecting: The experience of being superconnected","authors":"M. Chayko","doi":"10.2298/soc1904513c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/soc1904513c","url":null,"abstract":": The below excerpt from Superconnected: The Internet, Digital Media, and Techno-Social Life focuses on what I have learned about the reality, emotionality, and intimacy of the digital experience in the course of interviewing over 200 people and reviewing related research from a number of disciplines, including Sociology, Psychology, Communication, Media Studies, and Information Science. Over and over again, those whom I have interviewed tell me that digital life is real life and is filled with activities and moments that have great meaning for them. For more on the context for these interviews, my research methodology, and the multidisciplinary research that I reviewed and synthesized, please see the second edition of Superconnected, in English or in Serbian. And please note that a third edition of Superconnected is slated to be published by Sage Publications (Thousand Oaks, CA, USA) in 2020.","PeriodicalId":43515,"journal":{"name":"Sociologija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68777068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transitions to adulthood in flux. Assessing coming of age through an historical lens in Finland and France","authors":"A. Mary","doi":"10.2298/SOC1902167M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC1902167M","url":null,"abstract":"According to youth experts, a significant number of contemporary young people in Western societies reach adulthood at a later age than previous generations. This phenomenon is generally perceived as a temporary misstep on the path to default patterns of transition established in the 1950s and 1960s. Given the current societal context, should the transition to adulthood today really conform to that model? This paper provides an historical analysis of transitions to adulthood to enquire whether the post-war model can still be considered a meaningful reference today. Were routes of transition similar or different in earlier times, or has the model always existed? To answer this question, the paper looks at demographics in two case countries, Finland and France, in three periods: the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the 1950s-1970s, and the early twenty-first century. The paper argues that the post-war generation?s rapid patterns of transition w ere unique, resulting from a sustained period of economic growth in developed societies. This has generated new pathways of transition and a model of adulthood still used as a standard point today, even though the current socio-economic context has changed. Transitions to adulthood are not static. They have always evolved, mirroring the wider historical context within which individuals operate.","PeriodicalId":43515,"journal":{"name":"Sociologija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68775657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nationalism as a structural obstacle to democratization of Bosnia and Herzegovina society","authors":"A. Janković","doi":"10.2298/SOC1901087J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC1901087J","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to investigate the intensity and dispersion of nationalism among young people in Bosnia and Herzegovina at two time points - in the period of late socialism (1989) and in the period of consolidated post-socialist transformation (2012). In addition, our intention is to investigate the determinants of nationalism in the socialist and post-socialist period and compare them to determine whether there are different mechanisms of generating nationalism in two different systems of social reproduction, or they are in fact active long-term factors lasting longer than various social systems. The starting premise is that nationalism was not widespread in the period of socialism, and that its expansion and deep rooting started in the Post-Daytonian Bosnia and Herzegovina society. This creates a structural obstacle to the transition from formal to higher form of democracy (the so-called effective democracy). In the empirical part of the research, we rely on instruments for measuring nationalism that have been used on several occasions in empirical research in Serbia and Croatia. The data we use was collected in the survey called ?Social Structure and Quality of Life?, conducted in 1989 in all the republics of Yugoslavia, and the ?Value Orientation and Attitude Towards Social Changes?, conducted in 2012 in the Doboj region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Data in these two surveys is completely comparable.","PeriodicalId":43515,"journal":{"name":"Sociologija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68775715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}