Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety最新文献_第2页

The Road 这条路

Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Pub Date : 2019-09-17 DOI: 10.5406/j.ctvnwbxbq.7

J. London

引用次数: 0

The frequency and nature of aggressive acts on Australian roads 澳大利亚道路上攻击行为的频率和性质

Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00293

A. Stephens, M. Fitzharris

{"title":"The frequency and nature of aggressive acts on Australian roads","authors":"A. Stephens, M. Fitzharris","doi":"10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00293","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the current prevalence of aggressive acts on Australian roads, a large cross-sectional survey was conducted inviting drivers from all Australian jurisdictions to participate. A stratified sampling procedure was undertaken to ensure the age and gender distributions were representative of each jurisdiction. Participants were asked to report the frequency of aggressive driving behaviours as well as speeding, drink-driving and mobile phone usage while driving. Recent crash history was also obtained. The sample consisted of 2,916 drivers (males = 45%) with an average age of 42 (±16) years. Minor aggressive behaviours such as expressing annoyance to other drivers and sounding the horn in anger were reported by the majority of the sample (60% and 70% respectively). More extreme behaviour such as chasing another driver when angry was less common, however still reported by 18% of the overall sample. Aggressive driving behaviours were more common in younger, male drivers with 36% of drivers aged 22 to 39 reporting extreme aggression. Associations were found between aggressive driving with crash involvement and other forms of risky driving behaviour. The results show that aggressive driving is a problem on Australian roads. Further research is warranted to explore where aggressive driving fits within an overall risky driving pattern of behaviour, what attitudes drivers hold toward aggressive driving, and how to target the reduction of these behaviours.","PeriodicalId":43503,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42230136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

For whom didn’t it click? A study of the non-use of seat belts in motor vehicle fatalities in New Zealand 这对谁来说不合适?新西兰机动车死亡事故中不使用安全带的研究

Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00114

L. Hirsch, H. Mackie, Richard Scott, J. D. Pont, Simon Douglas, D. Thomsen

{"title":"For whom didn’t it click? A study of the non-use of seat belts in motor vehicle fatalities in New Zealand","authors":"L. Hirsch, H. Mackie, Richard Scott, J. D. Pont, Simon Douglas, D. Thomsen","doi":"10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00114","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increased risk of death or serious injury for occupants who did not wear a seat belt in a crash. In New Zealand, between 2006 and 2016, the non-use of seat belts accounted for 19-30% of the overall motor vehicle road deaths, and this figure shows no sign of decreasing. It is important to better understand the contextual factors associated with crashes where seat belts are not worn, so that more relevant and effective road safety interventions can be designed and implemented. The aim of this research was to determine the profiles for seat belt non-users who were killed in motor vehicle crashes in New Zealand between 2011 and 2015. An in-depth analysis of 200 fatalities where seat belts were not worn (186 crash cases) was carried out following a Safe System framework, using NZ Police reports. Following this, a Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) developed five profiles of vehicle occupants who were killed in crashes where seat belts were not worn. While the stereotypical ‘young risky’ males were an important group, a range of other people and contexts emerged: ‘driving for work’; ‘elderly and retired’; ‘overseas passengers’; and ‘people driving in rural settings’. This has implications for tailored road safety interventions, as a variety of motivations and influences are likely to be at play, depending on the people involved.","PeriodicalId":43503,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42286995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Road Traffic Fatalities in Malawi: The Role of Pedestrian Behaviour Factors 马拉维道路交通死亡人数：行人行为因素的作用

Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00297

G. Ngwira, B. Bolaane, Bhagabat Parida

{"title":"Road Traffic Fatalities in Malawi: The Role of Pedestrian Behaviour Factors","authors":"G. Ngwira, B. Bolaane, Bhagabat Parida","doi":"10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00297","url":null,"abstract":"Pedestrian behaviour is one of the major contributors to road fatalities. The negative binomial regression model was found to better agree with road fatality data, and this study used this model to assess the influence of pedestrian behaviour factors on road fatalities in Malawi. The data used in this analysis were crash reports of pedestrian behaviour factors and observed fatalities for the period 2000–2015 obtained from the national database, except for the 2013 data, which were disregarded because they appeared to be incomplete. Whereas pedestrian behaviour factors of walking on roads, crossing outside pedestrian crossings, and other negligent and careless behaviours were found to be positively correlated with road deaths, indicating that road-related fatalities increased with increasing input data, factors of being under the influence of alcohol and crossing at pedestrian crossings demonstrated negligible influence. The study also found that there was a 1% increase in the number of crash deaths for every additional fatal crash involving pedestrians walking on roads. Moreover, an additional 0.5% increase in the number of fatalities was recorded for every fatal crash involving a pedestrian behaviour factor of crossing outside the pedestrian crossing or other negligent behaviour. An increase of 0.3% in the number of the fatalities was seen for every extra fatal crash caused by crossing carelessly or factors other than pedestrian behaviour. Despite coefficient values being small in all variables, which is a major limitation of this study, enforcement can prioritise those variables that increase road-related fatalities or even couple them with other risk factors such as speed.","PeriodicalId":43503,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45757225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Contemporary Guidance on Management of Road Safety Audits 道路安全审计管理的现代指南

Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00064

A. Karndacharuk, P. Hillier

引用次数: 0

The crash performance of seagull intersections and intersections with left turn slip lanes 海鸥型交叉口及左转弯滑道交叉口的碰撞性能

Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00111

S. Turner, F. Tate, G. Wood

{"title":"The crash performance of seagull intersections and intersections with left turn slip lanes","authors":"S. Turner, F. Tate, G. Wood","doi":"10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00111","url":null,"abstract":"Alternative intersection layouts may reduce traffic delays and/or improve road safety. Two alternatives are reviewed in this research: ‘priority-controlled Seagull intersections’ and ‘priority-controlled intersections with a Left Turn Slip Lane’. Seagull intersections are used to reduce traffic delays. Some do experience high crash rates, however. Left Turn Slip Lanes allow turning traffic to move clear of the through traffic before decelerating, thereby reducing the risk of rear-end crashes. Although there is debate about the safety problems that occur at Seagull intersections and Left Turn Slip Lanes there has been very little research to quantify the safety impact of different layouts. In this study, crash prediction models have been developed to quantify the effect of various Seagull intersection and Left Turn Slip Lane designs on the key crash types that occur at priority intersections. The analysis showed that seagulls are not safe on 4-lane roads, that roadway features like kerb-side parking and nearby intersections can increase crash rates and that left turners in LTSLs can restrict visibility and create safety problems.","PeriodicalId":43503,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42007822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Safety solutions on mixed use urban arterial roads 混合用途城市主干道的安全解决方案

Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00281

B. Turner, Rob Partridge, S. Turner, B. Corben, J. Woolley, Christopher S. Stokes, J. Oxley, K. Stephan, L. Steinmetz

引用次数: 0

Exploring Local Government Challenges in Effective Road Safety Delivery 探索地方政府在有效提供道路安全方面面临的挑战

Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Pub Date : 2019-05-25 DOI: 10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00108

P. Durdin, K. Clark, J. Draper

引用次数: 0

Implementation Principles for 30 km/h Speed Limits and Zones 30公里/小时限速和限速区实施原则

Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Pub Date : 2019-05-24 DOI: 10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00065

A. Karndacharuk, D. Mctiernan

引用次数: 3

Road user perception of safety at Safe System intersections 道路使用者对安全系统十字路口的安全感知

Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety Pub Date : 2019-05-24 DOI: 10.33492/JACRS-D-18-00178

Christopher S. Stokes, S. Raftery, J. Woolley

引用次数: 0