South African Journal of Bioethics and Law最新文献

The situation in Gaza – will cruelty and hatred triumph? 加沙局势--残酷和仇恨会取得胜利吗？

IF 0.9

South African Journal of Bioethics and Law Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1819

A. Dhai

引用次数: 0

Collective responsibility during a cholera outbreak: The case of Hammanskraal 霍乱爆发期间的集体责任：哈曼斯克拉尔案例

IF 0.9

South African Journal of Bioethics and Law Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1250

A. E. Obasa, M. Botes, A. Palk

{"title":"Collective responsibility during a cholera outbreak: The case of Hammanskraal","authors":"A. E. Obasa, M. Botes, A. Palk","doi":"10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1250","url":null,"abstract":"The transmission of cholera, a highly infectious disease, is closely linked to inadequate access to clean water and sanitation facilities, with resource-poor communities, including refugees, rural communities and temporary displacement camps particularly vulnerable to outbreaks. Any disruption in water and sanitation systems or a sudden surge in community size owing to displacement can spark a humanitarian and health crisis, elevating the risk of cholera transmission and possibly triggering a regional epidemic. Recently, Hammanskraal in Gauteng, South Africa, experienced such an epidemic. A multifaceted approach is essential to minimise fatalities and effectively manage healthcare services in such health emergencies. This approach includes early detection, rapid response to contain outbreaks, and the effective deployment of technical support, advocacy, resource mobilisation and partnerships at local, national, and international levels. This paper explores the responsibilities of individuals, healthcare workers, communities and governments in addressing epidemics. It also delves into the concept of collective responsibility with regard to climate change and cholera, as part of the multifaceted approach for cholera prevention and control. While economic development, equal access to safe drinking water, and adequate sanitation are necessary for cholera control, major challenges persist in achieving the fundamental right to a healthy environment in the long term. We also discuss these obstacles and conclude with practical suggestions and recommendations for future cholera prevention.","PeriodicalId":43498,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Bioethics and Law","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three to one – an ethicolegal outline of mitochondrial donation in the South African context 三比一--南非线粒体捐献的伦理法律概述

IF 0.9

South African Journal of Bioethics and Law Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1272

B. L. L. S Mahomed

{"title":"Three to one – an ethicolegal outline of mitochondrial donation in the South African context","authors":"B. L. L. S Mahomed","doi":"10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1272","url":null,"abstract":"Mitochondrial donation or mitochondrial transfer enables a woman with mitochondrial disease to have a genetically related child without transmitting the disease to the child. The techniques used for mitochondrial donation or transfer which are maternal spindle transfer or pro-nuclei transfer, require three gametes to ultimately produce a healthy embryo. Both these techniques result in the child inheriting nuclear DNA from the intending parents and mitochondrial DNA from the female donor. Following the legalisation of mitochondrial donation in the UK, after a rigorous process of scientific and ethical review, and the birth of another baby using the technique, coupled with the fact that there is no cure for mitochondrial disease, suggests that it is prudent for us to consider this reproductive intervention and its application in the South African setting. In addition, the 2019 UNESCO Report of the International Bioethics Committee (IBC) on assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and parenthood, encourages debate on changes in models of parenthood influenced by ART including the emergence of new models of families and forms of parenthood that extend beyond the classical rule of mater semper certa est (the mother is always known). ART, in particular mitochondrial donation, challenges this rule. The aim of this paper is to provide an outline of the legal and ethical positions of mitochondrial donation and resume the discussion with specific focus on the South African context.","PeriodicalId":43498,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Bioethics and Law","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A golden opportunity for South Africa to legislate on human heritable genome editing 南非为人类遗传基因组编辑立法提供良机

IF 0.9

South African Journal of Bioethics and Law Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1568

PhD D W Thaldar

{"title":"A golden opportunity for South Africa to legislate on human heritable genome editing","authors":"PhD D W Thaldar","doi":"10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1568","url":null,"abstract":"Background. South Africa (SA) currently has a golden opportunity to legislate on human heritable genome editing (HHGE), as the country is revising its assisted reproductive technology regulations. A set of sub-regulations that deals with HHGE, which could seamlessly slot into the current regulations, has already been developed. The principles underlying the proposed set of sub-regulations are as follows: HHGE should be regulated to improve the lives of the people and should not be banned; the well-established standard of safety and efficacy should be used in the regulation of HHGE; quality of life is what matters, and not preserving a ‘normal’ genome; parents’ reproductive autonomy must be respected; and equality of access to approved HHGE technology should be promoted. Objectives. To ascertain whether the proposed set of sub-regulations that deals with HHGE is aligned with public opinion in SA, and SA’s Bill of Rights. Methods. Public opinion in SA is determined with reference to a deliberative public engagement study on HHGE conducted among South Africans, and the relevant rights in the Bill of Rights are interpreted with reference to recent case law. Results. This proposed set of sub-regulations that deals with HHGE is aligned with public opinion in SA, and SA’s Bill of Rights. Conclusion. Despite the legal and ethical complexities of HHGE, the proposed set of sub-regulations provides a targeted and effective legislative approach. They fit seamlessly into the country’s existing health law framework, creating specific legal standards for HHGE that align with both public opinion and the country’s Bill of Rights.","PeriodicalId":43498,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Bioethics and Law","volume":"74 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139169704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pragmatic ethical approaches to evangelising in the medical encounter 在医疗接触中传道的实用伦理方法

IF 0.9

South African Journal of Bioethics and Law Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1141

C. Ellis

引用次数: 0

The war on Gaza. A test of our humanity 加沙战争。对我们人性的考验

IF 0.9

South African Journal of Bioethics and Law Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1734

M. A. Sathar

引用次数: 0

Gaza and international law: The global obligation to protect life and health 加沙与国际法：保护生命和健康的全球义务

IF 0.9

South African Journal of Bioethics and Law Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1764

S. Soni

引用次数: 0

Is there a legal and ethical duty on doctors to inform patients of the likely co-payment costs should they be treated by practitioners who have contracted out of medical scheme rates? 医生是否有法律和道德责任告知病人，如果他们接受已与医疗计划费率签订合同的医生的治疗，可能需要支付的自费费用？

IF 0.9

South African Journal of Bioethics and Law Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1470

D. McQuoid-Mason

{"title":"Is there a legal and ethical duty on doctors to inform patients of the likely co-payment costs should they be treated by practitioners who have contracted out of medical scheme rates?","authors":"D. McQuoid-Mason","doi":"10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1470","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A hypothetical scenario is presented in which a female patient is admitted to a private hospital to undergo a mastectomy and breast reconstruction. The surgeons and anaesthetists conducting the different procedures charge three times the medical aid rates. When the patient asks what the co-payments are likely to be, she is informed by the doctors’ accounts section that they can only provide this information after each procedure. The patient’s medical scheme also advises her that it cannot determine the likely co-payments unless she completes the assessment form sent to her. The form requires her to include the costs reflected against the relevant ICD10 codes. The patient cannot complete the form because the doctors’ accounts sections have not informed her about the proposed procedures and the likely costs of each. This article builds on a previous article discussing doctors’ overarching responsibility to disclose medical treatment costs in advance. The present article outlines the legal requirements in the South African Constitution, the National Health Act and the Health Professions Act, and refers to the Promotion of Access to Information Act and Consumer Protection Act. Similar to the earlier article, this article addresses the ethical requirements of the Health Professions Council of South Africa and the internationally recognised biomedical ethical principles. Furthermore, it also refers to the National Patients Charter, the government’s policy document on health care services.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":43498,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Bioethics and Law","volume":"38 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138957339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When sanctuaries of humanity turn into corridors of horror: The destruction of healthcare in Gaza 当人类的避难所变成恐怖走廊：加沙医疗卫生的破坏

IF 0.9

South African Journal of Bioethics and Law Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1732

S. Mahomed

引用次数: 0

Israel desecrates the sanctity of healthcare with its attacks 以色列的攻击亵渎了医疗保健的神圣性

South African Journal of Bioethics and Law Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1656

A Soni

引用次数: 0