Journal of University College of Medicine and Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Medical Students’ Perception about the Impact of Teachers’ Attitude on their Academic Performance and Character Building.","authors":"M. Saif, Safa Saif, Noor Shahid, A. Anwar, T. Kazmi","doi":"10.51846/jucmd.v2i1.2088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51846/jucmd.v2i1.2088","url":null,"abstract":"  \u0000Introduction: To observe the student’s perception about teacher’s attitude and its impact on academic performance and character building of the student. \u0000Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study using a random sampling technique was conducted among students from all the years of MBBS of Central Park Medical College, CMH Lahore Medical College & Institute of Dentistry, and Allama Iqbal Medical College in July- August 2021.The minimum sample size calculated from Raosoft sample size calculator was 314. The questionnaire consisted of questions sorted as students’ insight regarding teachers’ attitude and impact of that attitude on academics and on character building. Factor analysis and chi-square method was used to interpret the results. \u0000Results: Two hundred eleven female and one hundred three male students filled in the questionnaire. Approximately 74% of the students mentioned that negative attitude of the teacher decreased their academic performance and had a negative influence on their character building. \u0000Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between the attitude of a teacher and academic achievement of students as well as their character building. Positive attitude leads to higher achievement of the students whereas negative attitude deteriorates their progress and demotivates them.","PeriodicalId":434894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University College of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116795525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus in Low Income Area of Lahore.","authors":"Shehnaz Khan, T. Kazmi, M. Muneeb, S. Farhat, Noor Shahid","doi":"10.51846/jucmd.v2i1.2089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51846/jucmd.v2i1.2089","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find prevalence of obesity, diabetes and pre-diabetes and its association with non-communicable diseases in a local community of Mughalpura, Lahore. \u0000Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Mughalpura Division, Lahore, Pakistan from January to June, 2021. The demographic details and data on blood sugar levels were collected from 380 participants using cluster sampling. Blood sugar ratio level was obtained as a key factor for observing diabetes and pre-diabetes. A test of association was used to observe the significant relation between diabetes with Basal Metabolic Index. \u0000Results: The average age of the participants was 46.0 + 12.6 SD (in years). Almost two-third of the participants were female and majority of participants were Punjabi. Among the total participants, 293 (77.1%) had normal blood sugar level, whereas 25 (6.6%) were pre-diabetic and 62 (16.3%) were diabetic. The under-weight participants were 10 (2.6%), 86 (22.6%) were normal, 143 (37.6%) were over-weight and 141 (37.1%) were obese. \u0000Conclusion: High prevalence of diabetes among obese individuals was found in a poor community of Mughalpura. Most of them were obese females. Significant association was found between systolic hypertension, diabetes and obesity. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":434894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University College of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121088040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Age, Nutrition and Literacy; Targeting the Root Cause for Undernutrition in Children under the Age of Two Years.","authors":"A. Bari, Nabila Mushtaq, Rashidah Jawed, Habib Ullah, A. Rathore","doi":"10.51846/jucmd.v2i1.2031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51846/jucmd.v2i1.2031","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyze the risk factors for child undernutrition in mothers of malnourished children under the age of 2 years. \u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pediatric Medicine Department of The Children’s Hospital Lahore from January to December, 2019. A total of 210 malnourished children in the age bracket of 2 months to 24 months and accompanying mothers admitted in the Stabilization Center for nutritional rehabilitation were included. Demographic characteristics of children and their mothers were taken. \u0000Results: \u0000Out of a total of 210 children there was slight male preponderance 116 (55%). Mean age of children was 8.89 + 6.74 months.  During first six months of life, only 31 (15%) were exclusively breast fed and in six months or older children weaning food was not started at appropriate age in 91 (43%). Illiteracy was more in mothers as compared to fathers 140 (66.7%) vs 82 (39%). Half 104 (49.5%) of the mothers had satisfactory BMI of 18.5-23 kg/m2 and remaining were either severely under nourished or overweight/obese. With advancing age significantly more mothers were obese 17% as compared to 2.4% in younger age (18-25 years) (p= 0.007).  Improper weaning practice was significantly more in mother of younger age group (p=0.023). A significant number of children who were older than six months of age and in whom weaning was not started at appropriate age had WHZ score <-3SD (p=0.019). There was no association of maternal nutrition, maternal/paternal education with the nutritional status of children (p=>0.05). \u0000Conclusion: Maternal illiteracy and both undernutrition and overweight/obesity were prevalent among the mother of undernourished children under the age of two years. Improper weaning was the major contributing factor in child’s malnutrition and improper weaning practice was significantly more in mother of younger age group.","PeriodicalId":434894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University College of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127247345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological and Inflammatory Parameters in Hookah Smokers and Nonsmokers: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Sidra Latif, Muniza Saeed","doi":"10.51846/jucmd.v2i1.1786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51846/jucmd.v2i1.1786","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To observe the effects of hookah smoking on hematological and inflammatory parameters in chronic hookah smokers. \u0000Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted in the setting of Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore from March to September, 2021, on 30 male chronic hookah smokers, who had been smoking hookah for more than 5 years, in the age range of 30-60 years and a comparison of their hematological parameters was done with 30 subjects of the same age group and ethnic background with no history of hookah smoking. Fresh blood samples from antecubital vein were collected and tested for hemoglobin (Hb) content, red blood cells (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR). An automatic hematological analyzer was used to get results. High sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) was measured using Elisa kit.  Data was analyzed using SPSS 21. \u0000Results: A statistically significant difference was found in Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, platelets, MPV (p ˂ 0.05). Inflammatory markers such as hs-CRP (p = 0.05), NLR (p = 0.03) were significantly higher in hookah smokers as compared to non-smoker. \u0000Conclusion: Hookah smokers have altered hematological and inflammatory parameters and are at higher risk of developing atherosclerosis, cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases associated with these alterations. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":434894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University College of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126913019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Comorbid Depression in Osteoarthritis Patients at Tertiary Care Settings of Islamabad","authors":"R. Khadim, M. Yusuf, Wajahat Hussain, Ijaz Shah, Zahid A. Butt, Aysha Babar","doi":"10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1576","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To estimate the co-morbid depression in the patients of knee osteoarthritis at the tertiary care hospital settings of Rawalpindi/Islamabad.Study Design: Cross sectional Analytical studyMethods: Data of four hundred and four patients (n=404; 307 females and 97 males) was collected. Patients were selected from the OPD of Rheumatology Units of two Tertiary Care Hospitals of Rawalpindi/Islamabad and were assessed for co-morbid depression using Urdu translated Depression scale (CES-D). Basic demographical data and some variables directly having an impact with depression were assessed.Results: Frequency of co-morbid depression in osteoarthritis patients was 27.7%, of which females were 19.8% and males were 7.9%. Old age, illiteracy, rural residence, employment status, joint family system, obesity, co-morbidity with osteoarthritis, duration of disease and inability in performing routine activities were the variables positively associated with the depression (p< 0.05).Conclusion: Depression is comparatively prevalent in the osteoarthritis patients in Pakistan. Medical practitioners and rheumatologists must be vigilant about this co-morbidity and identify depression timely for the better attributions to life of the patients.","PeriodicalId":434894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University College of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126527793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Art of Writing an Effective Grant Proposal","authors":"Mariyah Hidayat","doi":"10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1845","url":null,"abstract":"Writing an effective grant proposal is one of the most important skills in ensuring a successful career in academia. To acquire funding for research activities, increase visibility of oneselfor ones’ organization or to facilitate in preparing and launching a product, grant writing has become an essential activity. The art of convincing funding bodies through persuasive andcompelling proposals is all the more important for early-stage researchers willing to progress in their career.","PeriodicalId":434894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University College of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124279872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Knowledge and Practices for Prevention of Acute Diarrheal Diseases in Children under 5 years of age","authors":"I. Manzoor, Aneeqa Mumtaz Joya, I. Qureshi, Muhammad Faizan Muhammad Yousaf, Muhammad Fasseh Bin Shahid, M. Mubariz, Saadia Maqbool","doi":"10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1508","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diarrhea is the second major cause of mortality in children worldwide. Timely interventions by caregivers who are mainly mothers, can contribute towards a favorable prognosis of this condition in children. \u0000Aim: The purpose of conducting this study was to assess maternal knowledge and the practices regarding prevention of diarrheal diseases in children under the age of 5 years. \u0000Setting: This study was carried out in three hospitals at Lahore, Pakistan. \u0000Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from January to July 2020 and a convenience sampling technique was used for data collection. Data was collected from 158 mothers of children under 5 years of age by using a self-structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Chi square test was applied and p-value <0.05 was taken as significant. \u0000Results: A total of 158 mothers responded to the study questionnaire; mean age of the participants was 28.4+ 7.6 years, 22.8% were illiterate, 84.2% were housewives, and 37.4% had income more than 31000 rupees/month. The majority (43.1%) had ‘poor’ knowledge, 24% had’ poor’ attitudes and practices while 12% had better practices. Significant associations were observed between mother’s knowledge with education (p-value=0.004), income (p-value=0.001), frequency of diarrhea in a child (p-value=0.053) and practices with education (p-value =0.039). \u0000Conclusion: This study showed the direct relationship between mother's literacy level and family income with better knowledge and feeding practices of children regarding prevention of diarrhea. It has highlighted the role of mothers in the management of acute diarrheal diseases.","PeriodicalId":434894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University College of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129359846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Presentation and Outcome of Fibrous Dysplasia in Patients attending Sahiwal Teaching Hospital, Punjab.","authors":"R. Lail, Amir A. Majeed","doi":"10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1618","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the clinical presentation, management and outcome of Fibrous Dysplasia in patients admitted in Neurosurgery Department of Sahiwal Teaching Hospital, Punjab. \u0000Methods: This retrospective descriptive observational study was conducted in the months of January-June, 2021 on 20 patients with histologically confirmed Fibrous Dysplasia whose records were obtained from the hospital laboratory data base admitted between January 2017 to January 2021. The age of the patients, gender, socioeconomic status and length of stay of patients was also recorded. Clinical presentation and exact location on x-rays of the lesion, surgical intervention and clinical outcome were tabulated. \u0000Results: This condition was common in the age range of 25-50 years, affected both genders equally, was more prevalent in low socioeconomic group and prolonged the length of stay of patients to 3-4 weeks. It was observed from the radiographs of the patients that ethmoid bone was most commonly eroded (75%) followed by sphenoid (60%) and frontal bone (25%), 2 cases involved the maxillary bone (10%) and in one case it infiltrated the zygomatic bone (5%). The most common presenting features included visual deterioration and proptosis. Surgical intervention ranged from biopsy and conservative treatment to craniotomy and resection. There was no mortality recorded. \u0000Conclusion: Patients with fibrous dysplasia most commonly present with visual deterioration. Although it is a benign disease, but surgical intervention is required for cosmetic purposes. \u0000Keywords: Fibrous dysplasia, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).","PeriodicalId":434894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University College of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130168196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C, Tuberculosis, and Human Immune Deficiency Virus among injection drug users of Punjab, Pakistan-A cross sectional study","authors":"Rabia Nawaz, H. Shakoor, M. Shahid, A. Ahad, S. Sabri, Anum Ajmal, Uqba Mehmood, Haroon Riaz, Faisal Rehman, S. Akhtar, A. Rehman, R. Rasheed, Muhammad Usman Kabir, Alina Jabeen, M. Sharif","doi":"10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1613","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine prevalence and factors associated with various infectious diseases such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV, and Tuberculosis, among injection drug users (IDUs), from different rehabilitation centers in several cities of Punjab region in Pakistan. \u0000Methods: This study was conducted between September, 2019 – September, 2020. Total 78 rehabilitation centers were contacted, out of which 21 responded and 57 didn't, even after having focus group discussions with the centers’ administrators. Centers contacted were chosen randomly over various cities of Punjab; with Lahore, Multan, Faisalabad, Gujranwala being major focus. A predesigned questionnaire with several open and closed ended questions was filled via interviewing each rehabilitation center administrator/staff to collect data for the study. \u0000Results: We found a prevalence of 7.96% for HBV, 9.61% for HIV, 0.82% for TB, and the highest 32.69% for HCV amongst the surveyed cohort. \u0000Conclusion: It is concluded that prevalence of infectious diseases in injection drug users is significantly higher than overall reported incidence, thus needs proper disease surveillance and mitigation programs on national level.","PeriodicalId":434894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University College of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115289092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Athletes Playing for Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review","authors":"Muhammad Salman Butt, J. Saleem, Saifa Salman, Izza Irfan, Mehnaz Rashid, G. Bukhari, Joham Faryal","doi":"10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51846/jucmd.v1i2.1632","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract   \u0000  \u0000Background   \u0000An athlete suffers from many injuries in his sports career which may be due to some trauma or maybe atraumatic. Athletes involved in the sports of long-running remains worried about knee osteoarthritis (O.A) and a question always remain in a debate that physical activity is a risk of O.A and the athletes are running for osteoarthritis. This systematic review was conducted to synthesize the evidence on the quantitative association between participation in specific sports and the occurrence of Knee OA. This systematic review will also analyze the effect of sports injuries on knee OA. \u0000Methods \u0000Three electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Springer link are selected for gathering the information and the articles for this study. This systematic review is based on the randomized control trials (RCTs), cohort and case-control studies published in the last 20 years (2000-2022) evaluating the symptomatic or asymptomatic tibiofemoral knee osteoarthritis change. The quality for study methodology was evaluated by using the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care Risk of Bias Tool and PRISMA checklist as a reference. Review manager, 5.4.1 Cochrane Collaboration was used for analyzing the risk for bias of individual studies. \u0000Results \u0000A total of 508 articles were searched and nine articles were selected to synthesized the results of this systematic review. Total nine articles are selected to conclude the results based on the inclusion criteria. Graph 1 is showing the study design and the number of included and excluded articles. The results are synthesized on the following levels using the PICOS model, i) comparison of running sports and incidence of knee osteoarthritis, ii) comparison of soccer, gender, and incidence of knee osteoarthritis, iii) comparison of anterior cruciate injury, the effect of treatment and incidence of knee osteoarthritis, and iv) comparison of training and prevention of knee osteoarthritis incidence. \u0000Conclusion \u0000Sports with more jumping, twisting, and knee injuries contribute to the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis. Knee osteoarthritis in athletes remains asymptomatic initially and it manifested after 15 to 20 years after the start of pathogenesis due to some knee injury, especially ACL and menisci injury.","PeriodicalId":434894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University College of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116360143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}