{"title":"Language proximity and speech perception in young bilinguals","authors":"L. Bosch","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Linguistic experience shapes speech perception from the earliest stages of development. Infants growing up in bilingual contexts are exposed to a more complex linguistic input from which they will gradually build language-specific phonetic and phonological categories, eventually characterizing words in their early lexicons. Input languages can show different levels of proximity relative to their rhythmic, phonetic, phonological, or lexical properties. Does language proximity affect early speech perception processes, from language differentiation to perceptual narrowing and phonological representation of words in the bilinguals’ vocabulary? Data from infants growing up in Catalan-Spanish contexts, acquiring a close pair of Romance languages, are reviewed and contrasted with data from infants exposed to more distant language pairs. It is argued that language proximity can determine specific adjustments in bilinguals’ early phonetic perception and phonological encoding of words. Language proximity factors can account for differences among bilingual infants’ trajectories previously reported in the literature.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131322597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rhotic variation in Spanish codas","authors":"Beatriz Blecua, Jordi Cicres","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"The present study describes the variation that syllable-final rhotics (preconsonantal and prepausal) exhibit in spontaneous speech in Central Peninsular Spanish. First, a detailed description of the acoustic and temporal characteristics of each variant is provided. At the same time, the effects of contextual factors are analyzed for the different acoustic realizations. The proportion of more relaxed variants (elision and one-component, without a vocalic fragment) is higher in spontaneous speech than in read speech, while only 6.7% of the tokens are trilled. Furthermore, realizations with a fricative opening phase, as opposed to the usual vocalic element, were also obtained. Results indicate that the most important factor in the acoustic definition of rhotics is their position (before a consonant or before a pause). Finally, main effects were found for the place and manner of articulation of the following gesture as well as stress on the number of components of coda rhotics.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124171596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perception of lexical stress in Spanish L2 by French speakers","authors":"J. Llisterri, Sandra Schwab","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Three experiments on the perception of lexical stress in Spanish (a free-stress language) by speakers of French (a fixed-stress language) are discussed in this chapter. The main goal of these experiments is to further investigate the effect of an ‘accentual filter’ that may lead to a stress ‘deafness’ in native speakers of a fixed-stress language. Taken together, the results of the three experiments lead to the conclusion that French speakers are not only sensitive to the acoustic cues that convey stress prominences in Spanish, but are also able, after a short training, to encode and retrieve the accentual information in a small lexicon of Spanish pseudowords. However, it appears that French listeners do not always rely on the same acoustic cues as the ones used by native Spanish speakers and that their representations of the accentual patterns seem to be less flexible than the native ones.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"86 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127988689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceived phrasing in French","authors":"Caroline L. Smith","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of prosodic structure in French have tended to concentrate on production in order to identify what levels of phrasing speakers differentiate. But what are listeners hearing? The chapter details the examination of some specific structures (dislocations and focused phrases) to see whether listeners’ perceptions align with the prosodic structures that have been proposed. The approach used is Rapid Prosody Transcription, in which untrained listeners are asked to identify words they perceive as prominent or places where they perceive a break in the flow of speech (phrasal boundary). Descriptions of French agree that prominences occur either initially or finally in the smallest-sized phrase. While the majority of locations where listeners marked boundaries were perceived as preceded by a prominent word, because more prominences than boundaries were marked these did not necessarily co-occur with boundaries. Dislocated words were perceived as both prominent and separated from the main clause by a boundary.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130593195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Galician mid-vowel reduction","authors":"F. Martínez-Gil","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary Galician presents a phonemic distinction between open ([-ATR]) and close ([+ATR) mid vowels: /ɛ, ɔ/ vs. /e, o/, respectively, which holds under primary stress. However, in a number of phonologically and/or morphologically defined contexts the [ATR] value of mid vowels, both stressed and unstressed, is predictable. The present study deals with the distribution of open and closed mid vowels in Galician, with special focus on the neutralization of [ATR] distinctions, a process labeled here mid-vowel reduction (MVR), whereby only the closed vowels [e, o] are allowed in unstressed position. While post-tonic mid vowels are systematically subject to MVR, the behavior of pretonic mid vowels establishes a clear split between two major Galician dialectal groups.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"48 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126124852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Romance sounds","authors":"M. Gibson, Juana Gil","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"The study of Romance sounds, and their structure, has for centuries occupied a fundamental position in core phonetic and phonological research. And for good reason. By examining the typological symmetries and asymmetries among the different Romance languages we have learned much about the universal properties of language and the production/perception mechanisms which underscore acquisition and sound change. This provides a rich terrain in which to formulate and test new hypotheses related to sound systems and their development. The commissioned authors in the current volume present recent research in the acoustic, articulatory, phonological, perceptual, and acquisition domains from an array of theoretical foci. The work presented here is sure to have a far-reaching impact in the speech sciences for many years to come.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126768034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phonetic behavior in proficient bilinguals","authors":"Miquel Simonet","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0020","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses a selection of the literature on the phonetic behavior of proficient bilinguals. It examines both perception and production, and it focuses on what is known about a particular bilingual group: Catalan–Spanish bilinguals. This population has received a lot of attention because it allows for the exploration of bilingual individuals with different experience profiles who reside in a speech community where both languages enjoy similar social status and are thus likely to be used by any member of the community in any given day. Phonetic research on this bilingual population has been concerned mostly with addressing the following question: What is the role of the age of first exposure to an additional language in the manner in which a bilingual will represent and process this language? Research on this population has sparked a wealth of investigations on other populations in order to address this question from multiple perspectives.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124256761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Temporal organization of three-consonant onsets in Romanian","authors":"Stefania Marin","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates on the basis of EMA data from five speakers the temporal organization of three-consonant onsets in Romanian. In terms of onset-to-vowel timing, the results show that three-consonant clusters do not conform to the predictions of a c-center organization for onsets, and it is argued that this is due to factors pertaining to the degree of coarticulation resistance of the vowel-adjacent consonant and the following vowel. In terms of intra-cluster timing, the results show that timing among the consonants in clusters /spl/, /spr/, /skl/, /skr/ is affected both locally and non-locally by the identity of the liquid.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122060186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Articulatory setting, articulatory symmetry, and production mechanisms for Catalan consonant sequences","authors":"D. Recasens, M. Mira","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports articulatory and acoustic data for three Catalan dialects (Eastern, Western, Valencian), showing that the sequences /tsʃ/ and /sʃ/, and /tʃs/ and /ʃs/, are implemented through analogous production mechanisms and therefore that fricative+fricative and affricate+fricative sequences behave symmetrically at the articulatory level. Analysis results also reveal a clear trend for regressive assimilation in the case of /(t)sʃ/ and for blending or a two-target realization in the case of /(t)ʃs/; differences in degree of articulatory complexity among the segmental sequences under analysis account for these production strategies. Moreover, the final phonetic outcome is strongly dependent on the dialect-dependent articulatory differences in fricative articulation; thus, in Valencian, /(t)sʃ / may undergo regressive assimilation or blending and /(t)ʃs/ regressive assimilation, owing to a more anterior lingual constriction for /ʃ/ than in the other dialects.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"33 1-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123599184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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