{"title":"Brazilian Portuguese rhotics in poem reciting","authors":"S. Madureira","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Rhotics are diverse in nature and conditioning factors. In this work the use of Brazilian Portuguese rhotic varieties in the context of recitation of a poem by a professional actor is analyzed and articulatory and acoustic descriptions of the Brazilian Portuguese rhotic varieties are provided. The choice of varieties in the analyzed speech data is interpreted as deriving from the shaping of acoustic characteristics so as to produce impressive meaningful effects. These effects are achieved through the symbolic use of sound, and the fact that sounds are sense-impressive and meaning-expressive is taken to be the foundation of speech expressivity.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133740233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling assimilation","authors":"Rebeka Campos-Astorkiza","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses recent developments in the study of voicing assimilation as manifested in Spanish preconsonantal sibilants. It uses experimental results to develop a model to capture the observed patterns and make predictions about the behavior of voicing assimilation in Spanish. The central argument is that voicing assimilation in Spanish is the result of gestural blending at the laryngeal level and can be couched within the framework of Articulatory Phonology. The main evidence for the gestural blending account comes from a review of the data available on the topic and, more precisely, from the reanalysis of the data from two experiments run by Rebeka Campos-Astorkiza that provide acoustic data to substantiate the claims put forward here. Furthermore, these experiments allow the evaluation of some of the challenges of working with acoustic data when analyzing voicing assimilation.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129205979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acoustic realization of vowels as a function of syllabic position","authors":"Cédric Gendrot, M. Adda-Decker, Fabián Santiago","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Corpora of prepared speech were compared between two Romance languages: French and Spanish. Results of this comparison show that owing to its presence of lexical stress—itself involving acoustic strengthening—Spanish, in contrast to French, reveals acoustic strengthening with word-final lengthening. However, acoustic variations due to other factors such as vowel duration, speech rate, and presence of pause are similar in both languages, contradicting some findings of previous studies in this domain. Spanish Prosodic Words and French Accentual Phrases are closely analyzed, with data normalized by speaker. The major result of this study is that, while for both languages an overall strengthening of the vowels with a longer duration and a slower speech rate is observed, vowel strengthening due to syllable position within the word reveals significant differences between French and Spanish.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122666635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An articulatory account of rhotic variation in Tuscan Italian","authors":"Chiara Celata, A. Vietti, L. Spreafico","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Rhotic variation in a spoken variety of Tuscan Italian is investigated. The chapter takes a multilevel articulatory approach, based on real-time synchronization and analysis of acoustic, electropalatographic (EPG), and ultrasound tongue imaging (UTI) data. Contrary to the expectations based on the received dialectological literature, it emerges that speakers produce various alveolar variants: taps, trills, fricatives, and approximant realizations. To examine the factors that may constrain the variation of /r/, a multiple correspondence analysis is carried out. The result is that there are significant associations between the phonetic properties of /r/ variants and their preferred contexts of occurrence. A particular focus is then placed on the articulatory properties of the singleton–geminate distinction. It is shown that the length contrast is maintained but contrary to expectation, trills are not primarily used for geminates. Instead, each speaker differentiates the singleton from the geminate according to a variety of production strategies.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114656013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Production and perception in the acquisition of Spanish and Portuguese","authors":"Jaydene Elvin, P. Vasiliev, P. Escudero","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Learning to listen to and produce the sounds of a new language is a difficult task for many second-language learners. While there is a large corpus of literature that investigates Spanish and Portuguese learners’ perception and production of an L;2, particularly English, there is relatively little research available for the opposite scenario, namely, how speakers of other languages learn to perceive and produce the sounds of Spanish and Portuguese. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a critical review of the available literature in this less studied area. First some general facts relating to non-native and L;2 speech perception and production are presented, including the theoretical models that aim at explaining these phenomena. A review follows of the empirical findings currently available for L;2 speech production and perception in Spanish and Portuguese, and how these two abilities relate in the process of acquiring the sounds of these languages.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131319529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vowels and diphthongs","authors":"I. Chitoran, Stefania Marin","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This study compares the acoustic and articulatory properties of the Romanian mid diphthong /ea/ to the hiatus sequence /e.a/, and the high diphthong /ja/ to the hiatus sequence /i.a/. Both acoustic and articulatory (EMA) data support the analysis of the mid diphthong as forming a complex nucleus, consistent with its phonotactic behavior. This diphthong exhibits the greatest temporal overlap between the two vowels and the largest coarticulation/blend between its vocalic targets. The hiatus sequence /i.a/, which spans two syllables, shows the least overlap and coarticulation. The high diphthong /ja/ is a tautosyllabic sequence, displaying an intermediate degree of overlap, more similar to /ea/ than to hiatus sequences in its timing properties.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130938928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adjusting to the syllable margins","authors":"Jesús Jiménez, Maria-Rosa Lloret, Clàudia Pons-Moll","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter brings together data from several varieties of Catalan and Spanish with the purpose of investigating the behavior of glides (i.e., /j/ and /w/) in onsets and codas, and the way they adjust to the syllable margins. The analysis is situated within Optimality Theory and, more specifically, support is provided for the distinction proposed by Baertsch between elements which are parsed as the leftmost element in the onset (M1: Margin; 1) and elements which are syllabified as codas or as the second element in the onset (M2: Margin 2). The data indicate, though, that an explicit reference to the intersyllabic context in which M1 elements appear is sometimes required as well.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128064976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The phonetics of Italian anaphonesis","authors":"S. Calamai","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198739401.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"In Florentine Italian high vowels /i/ and /u/ occur before a velar nasal instead of the expected /e/ and /o/, e.g., vinco ‘I win’ < VĬNCO, punto ‘point’ < PŬNCTUM. This phenomenon, referred to as ‘anaphonesis’, represents a tricky phonetic process from the history of Italian, which may have some relationship with the universals of vowel nasality and nasal consonants. An evident front–back asymmetry in the words triggering anaphonesis has also been observed: front vowels are more prone to anaphonesis than back vowels. Moreover, there appears to be an effect of the postnasal, since back vowels show anaphonesis only in the case of a voiced postnasal. In order to explore the parallels between documented synchronic and diachronic variation, the complexity and diversity of nasal vowel evolution in Romance are considered to have probative value and are reconsidered in the light of the results of two production and perception experiments.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122399925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Production of French close rounded vowels by Spanish learners","authors":"Isabelle Racine, Sylvain Detey","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0019","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter introduces the corpus-based L;2 French phonology research program Interphonologie du Français Contemporain (IPFC, Interphonology of Contemporary French) and provides an illustration of its methodological approach with a population of Spanish university students learning French as an L;2. For these learners the phonemic contrast between the two close rounded French vowels /y/ and /u/ is known to be difficult to acquire, but most studies in the past relied only on acoustic analyses of laboratory speech data elicited from rather few subjects. Within the IPFC framework, on the basis of a single multitask survey protocol for all populations of learners of L;2 French to ensure data comparability, data processing is carried out with an ad hoc auditory coding procedure which integrates contextual information and target-likeness assessment. In this chapter the results of three different approaches to process the /y-u/ Spanish production data are compared.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"22 6S 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115947213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceptual cues for individual voice quality","authors":"M. Trinidad, J. Abuín","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739401.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"The alteration of phonation modes may affect speaker identification, but it is not known to what extent changes in register can compromise discrimination in each case. To answer this question, specifically with respect to falsetto voice, a perception experiment was designed using disguised voice in order to analyze the listeners’ reaction to stimuli that differed only with respect to phonation modes. Results were significant, suggesting that falsetto voice does not compromise speaker recognition. In addition to the perception experiment, the chapter also provides a detailed analysis of the temporal aspects of each mode and the biomechanical behavior of the vocal folds. Connecting the perception experiment to the production analysis allows us, first, to know which parameters have been altered, and which have not, during the register shift to falsetto voice and, secondly, to discuss what perceptive weight such parameters may have on the recognition of individual voice quality.","PeriodicalId":434823,"journal":{"name":"Romance Phonetics and Phonology","volume":"291 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132035617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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