Physical Activity Review最新文献

{"title":"A comparative evaluation of anthropometric characteristics and respiratory functions' parameters among rugby and soccer players","authors":"M. Ahsan","doi":"10.16926/par.2023.11.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2023.11.05","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Evaluation of anthropometric characteristics and respiratory functions is imperative for investigating the health status of individuals and sportspersons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric characteristics and respiratory function parameters of rugby and soccer players. Methods: Forty-four players (rugby, n=22; soccer, n=22) were selected for the present study. They were free of musculoskeletal and respiratory disorders. Their age was 21.49±1.41 years, height 173.62±6.26 cm, weight 71.40±14.44 kg, BMI 22.70±4.26 kg/m2, PBF 17.35±12.27%, Fat Mass 24.43±13.61 kg, and LBM 55.98±7.26 kg. Anthropometric characteristics and body composition were measured using a weighing scale cum stadiometer and a bioelectric impedance analyzer. Respiratory function was assessed using a handheld spirometer. Standard procedures were followed to measure the anthropometric characteristics, body composition, and respiratory function. Results: The results of the study demonstrated no significant differences in anthropometric characteristics and body composition between rugby and soccer players. The respiratory function parameters were insignificant for vital capacity (VC) (MWU=213, p=0.496), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (MWU=216, p=-0.541), forced expiratory volume in the first second divided by vital capacity (FEV/VC) (MWU=205.5, p=0.390), and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) (MWU=224.5, p=0.681) among rugby and soccer players; only a significant difference was found in forced vital capacity (FVC) (MWU=142.5, p=0.019) in rugby and soccer players. Conclusion: Based on findings from the study, it can be concluded that rugby players have higher values for respiratory functions than soccer players. The findings of this study can inform future researchers, coaches, and team instructors regarding the preparation of rugby and soccer players for specific training and competitions.","PeriodicalId":43466,"journal":{"name":"Physical Activity Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autistic features in relation to motor function and quality of life in children with autism spectrum disorder","authors":"Eman Sayed Albadry, Amira M. Abd-Elmonem, A. Othman, M. E. Abbass","doi":"10.16926/par.2023.11.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2023.11.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although motor limitations are not currently considered clinical manifestations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), they should not be ignored because of their high incidence and considerable influence on functional activity. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between autistic features, motor function, and quality of life (QoL) in children with ASD. Methods: Sixty children diagnosed with ASD from both sexes participated in this study. They were assessed for autistic features, motor skills, and QoL using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Peabody Developmental Motor Scale, and the Arabic version of the Pediatric Quality of Life generic core scale. Results: There was a significant negative correlation (p<0.001) between autistic features and QoL and a significant negative correlation (p<0.001) between autistic features and gross motor function, with Pearson correlation coefficients of -0.794 and -0.736, respectively. While the Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.834, there was a significant positive correlation (p<0.001) between gross motor function and QoL. With a p-value (p<0.001), linear regression analysis revealed that autistic features are a highly significant predictor of QoL and gross motor function. Furthermore, gross motor function was a highly significant predictor of QoL (p<0.001). Conclusion: Autistic features adversely affect motor function and QoL in children with an autism spectrum disorder.","PeriodicalId":43466,"journal":{"name":"Physical Activity Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of core stability exercises programme on the functional limitations of the musculoskeletal system in girls practising volleyball","authors":"D. Boguszewski, M. Stępień, J. Adamczyk","doi":"10.16926/par.2023.11.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2023.11.04","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. High physical fitness requirements in young athletes may lead to physical injuries. This study aimed to determine the influence of a core stability exercise program on the functional limitations of the musculoskeletal system in girls practising volleyball. Materials and Methods. 32 female players practising competitive volleyball in the Sport Club SMS Warsaw participated in this study. Group 1 (study group) comprised female volleyball players who, apart from training, performed stabilisation exercises from the developed program. Group 2 (control group) included players who did not perform any additional exercises. The assessment tool was the FMS test, comprising of 7 movement patterns scored on a scale of 0–3. Results. In the studied group of 32 volleyball players, at the first measurement, the average result of the FMS test amounted to 11.38 points. At the second measurement, considerably better results (p<0.001) were observed in the study group. Both the players in the study and control groups obtained the highest possible result of the pectoral girdle mobility test at both measurements. Conclusion. Stabilisation training may have a diminishing influence on functional limitations in women practising volleyball. The use of stabilisation exercises is recommended to prevent traumatic and overload-related bodily injuries.","PeriodicalId":43466,"journal":{"name":"Physical Activity Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Comparison of Unilateral and Bilateral Training Effect to Changes in Speed and Speed-Strength Abilities in Preadolescence Athletes","authors":"I. Čillík, Jozef Sýkora, Pavol Pivovarniček","doi":"10.16926/par.2023.11.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2023.11.06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of unilateral and bilateral training program on changes in the level of speed and speed-strength abilities. Methods: Experimental group 1 (EG1) consisted of 8 young athletes (age = 12.76±1.55 years) and experimental group 2 (EG2) consisted of 8 athletes (age = 12.51±1.59 years) who regularly participate in the training process at a frequency of three times a week. All of our athletes had more than 4 years experiences with regular athletic training 3 times per week prior to this study. During a period of 8 weeks in the preparatory period, such exercises were applied which were performed unilaterally in EG1 and bilaterally in EG2. To determine the effectiveness of take-off training on change in the level of speed and speed-strength abilities, the following tests were performed: relative strength index (RSI), squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), standing long jump (SLJ), 20 m run from standing start. Results: We found out that in the posttest, the athletes of both groups achieved an improvement in the explosive strength of the lower extremities as well as in the acceleration speed. A significant improvement (p<0.05) was recorded in EG1 in SLJ and in EG2 in RSI. The effect size coefficients showed a large effect in RSI in EG2 and in SLJ in EG1. Conclusion: The results clearly did not confirm a higher effect of the unilateral program in comparison with the bilateral program, but indicated a higher efficiency, especially in the take-off explosiveness of athletes with a unilateral training program.","PeriodicalId":43466,"journal":{"name":"Physical Activity Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedentary behavior in relation to selected indicators of movement and characteristics of children in the lower-secondary school","authors":"L. Bláha, J. Heidler, Pavel Prchal","doi":"10.16926/par.2023.11.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2023.11.11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sedentary behavior (SB) of adolescents is often associated with warning signs of emerging civilization diseases and reduced participation in physical activities (PA). Although some studies point out that SB does not necessarily mean avoiding PA, the opinion of the public prevails, that in addition to the time devoted to sitting during school lessons, the time spent watching monitors and screens is constantly increasing at the expense of PA. Our goal was to determine the indicators of the participation of lower-secondary school students in voluntary SB and to relate them to selected characteristics of their movement behavior or evaluate them from the point of view of compliance with medically recommended criteria. Material and Methods: The research was carried out using objective and subjective measurement techniques during a two-year period with pupils of the lower-secondary schools in the Usti Region (N = 512). A record sheet was used to record data on time indicators of participation in physical and SB and basic anthropometric characteristics. Physical activity was monitored by the Yamax SW-700 and SW-800 pedometer for 7 consecutive days, i.e., during regular school days and weekend days. Results: In daily values of time spent in SB, boys surpass girls. Both boys and girls spend more time voluntarily sitting in front of monitors and mobile phones on weekends than on school days (MBW = 162.0 ± 141.4 min. × MBSD = 129.0 ± 109.8 min.; MGW = 133.0 ± 118.1 min. × MGSD = 121.0 ± 110.1 min.). The time values of weekend days show statistical differences between boys and girls (p = 0.02). As pupils age, the time spent on SB increases. In connection with the volume of voluntary SB, neither the mutual relationship of the time of participation in PA (r = -0.006, p = 0.90) nor the volume of locomotor activities (r = -0.058, p = 0.199) was confirmed. Conclusion: The obtained data confirm the increased level of SB in relation to the recommended criteria. In proportion to the reported time of participation in PA or locomotion indicators, it is not sufficiently compensated. However, in many individuals this behavior is well beyond the tolerated recommended values.","PeriodicalId":43466,"journal":{"name":"Physical Activity Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could an intermittent Physical Education-based fitness teaching unit affect secondary school students’ motivation, autotelic experience, and physical self-concept? A cluster-randomized controlled trial","authors":"S. Guijarro-Romero, D. Mayorga-Vega, C. Casado-Robles, J. Viciana","doi":"10.16926/par.2022.10.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2022.10.04","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of traditional and intermittent physical fitness-based teaching units on secondary school students’ motivation toward Physical Education, autotelic experience, and physical self-concept. Methods: Six classes [126 students (57.9% females) aged 13-15 years], balanced by grade, were cluster-randomly assigned into control (n = 40), traditional (n = 34) and innovative (n = 52) groups. The traditional group performed a physical fitness teaching unit twice a week for nine weeks (35-40 minutes of the main part of each session). The innovative group worked during the first half of the sessions’ main part (18-20 minutes) similarly to the traditional group, and during the second half they worked on invasion sports. Before and after the intervention, students’ motivation toward Physical Education and physical self-concept were measured through the Perceived Locus of Causality-II Scale and the short form of the Physical Self Description Questionnaire. Results: The Multilevel Linear Model showed that the control group students decreased statistically significantly in the integrated, introjected, and controlled motivation compared to those from the innovative and traditional groups (p < 0.05; d = 0.17-0.51). However, no statistically significant differences in the other motivational dimensions, nor on the autotelic experience and physical self-concept dimensions were found between the three groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Regardless of the teaching unit structure applied (i.e., traditional or intermittent), it could be necessary that Physical Education teachers apply specific strategies for improving these psychological variables of the students.","PeriodicalId":43466,"journal":{"name":"Physical Activity Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual constraints and swing timing in softball batting: pitcher vs. pitching machine","authors":"J. Carboch, P. Praveckova, P. Smejkalova, T. Kocib, J. Zháněl","doi":"10.16926/par.2022.10.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2022.10.08","url":null,"abstract":"When players practice batting against a pitching machine, there are some visual constraints that can affect the movement behaviour of the batter due to the absence of visual information sources that are available in competition performance (pitcher motion). This study sought to compare the timing of softball swing phases whilst batting against a pitcher and a pitching machine. Semi-experienced batters were recorded using a high-speed camera (200 fps) hitting balls (same pitch type) when batting against a pitcher and a pitching machine. Results showed significant differences in specific phases of swing timing under both conditions and each player was affected individually, mostly in the movement initiation (heel of the front leg) and duration of leg on – forward swing initiation. Practice task constraints that removed information sources were shown to have affected batters in specific phases of their swing. Therefore, pitching machines should be used wisely, and coaches should be aware of issues of how the use of pitching machines can affect the softball swing, even with lower level softball players. Furthermore, analysing participants as a group, as opposed to assessing individual differences within the group, can lead to inaccurate results and interpretations individual player’s motor responses and behaviour can be affected in different ways.","PeriodicalId":43466,"journal":{"name":"Physical Activity Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience of adolescents in physical activity during the covid-19 pandemic: a preliminary case study in France","authors":"T. Derigny, C. Schnitzler, J. Gandrieau, F. Potdevin","doi":"10.16926/rp.2020.12.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/rp.2020.12.10","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine how adolescents' physical activity (PA) changed during the COVID-19 crisis according to level of intensity and whether there are typologies of resilience based on individual and environmental characteristics. Methods: A longitudinal follow-up study of PA in a representative sample of French adolescents (n=808, 16.32±1.01 years old) was carried out. Two online surveys collecting reported data on amounts of PA were completed the week before and during the first week of the lockdown. Data related to individual and environmental characteristics were collected. A principal component method with qualitative and quantitative data (FAMD) for cluster analysis was performed to identify adolescent’s profiles according to their individual, interpersonal and environmental determinants. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA and a Bonferroni Post-Hoc test were performed to detect any significant effects of adolescents’ clusters on time and each intensity level of PA. Results: Three clusters were identified and characterized by a multifactorial process: active, studious and rural adolescents (37%) reported a significant increase in their MVPA (+707 Mets·week-1, p<0.05), inactive, underachieving and rural adolescents (32%) reported a stability in their MVPA (0 Mets·week-1, NS) and urban adolescents (31%) reported a significant decrease of MVPA (-237 Mets·week-1, p<0.05). Conclusion: This study investigated the multifactorial and temporal complexity of PA resilience according to a socio-ecological anchoring, suggesting that factors of resilience in PA are linked to availability of rural and green environments (environmental determinants), good pedagogical follow up (interpersonal determinant) and high initial involvement in PA (individual determinant).","PeriodicalId":43466,"journal":{"name":"Physical Activity Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in the Force-Velocity profile between Judoist and freestyle wrestlers","authors":"J. P. Párraga Montilla, P. L. Latorre Román, Victor Serrano Huete, J. C. Cabrera Linares, Emilio D. Lozano Aguilera, Pedro Jiménez Reyes","doi":"10.16926/par.2022.10.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2022.10.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study was to gain new knowledge about the force-velocity (F-V) profile in Judoist and freestyle wrestlers, investigating if there were any differences between sports and which physical demands have which fighting modalities. Participants: 24 athletes (male) took part in this study. Twelve Judoist (age: 20.3 ± 3.9 years, weight: 76.4 ± 10.4 kg; height: 179.4 ± 5.3 cm; BMI: 32.2 ±1.9 kg/m2) and twelve freestyle wrestlers (age: 19.6 ± 4.5 years, weight: 65.3 ± 13.6 kg; height: 177.5 ±5.7 cm; BMI: 23.8 ± 1.8 kg/m2) participated. Methods: To evaluate the F-V profile, the participants performed a squat jump (SJ) without load, as well as with different load conditions (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of athlete’s body mass). To assess the height of the jump, the OptoGait system was used. Consequently, the theoretical maximal force (F 0); the theoretical maximal velocity (V 0); maximal mechanical power output (Pmax); slope of the linear F-V relationship (Sfv); optimal F-V profile (Sfvopt ); and the differences between Sfv and Sfvopt (FV imb% ) were obtained. Results: A higher F 0 and lower V 0 were found in Judo athletes compared to wrestlers. Significant differences were found in Sfv and FV imb (p<0.001). Conclusion: The F-V profile is an accurate, reliable, and economical method that facilitates the evaluation of the current state of the athlete individually. Practical applications: The F-V profile method allows coaches and athletes to adjust their training objectives to achieve a higher level in their sport.","PeriodicalId":43466,"journal":{"name":"Physical Activity Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Approaches to Motor Competence Assessment in School-Age Children","authors":"Iva Šeflová, J. Vašíčková, Luděk Kalfiřt, A. Suchomel","doi":"10.16926/par.2022.10.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2022.10.20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The importance of motor competence is particularly evident at school ages when any intervention approaches have the most significant impact. Aim of Study: The theoretical study aims to provide an overview and compare the descriptive and psychometric characteristics of the assessment tools that we can use to determine the level of motor competence in primary school-aged children. We paid particular attention to the possibilities of identifying motor competence deficits. Material and Methods: From the overview list of assessment tools, we selected the following for more detailed analysis: Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, Körperkoordinatationstest für Kinder, Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition, Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition, Test zur Erfassung motorischer Basiskompetenzen. The presented article compares the possibilities of using these tests in the European environment in terms of their psychometric and descriptive characteristics. Results: Each submitted tests has certain advantages and disadvantages in the practical use, collection, evaluation, and interpretation of the data. Based on established criteria in descriptive and psychometric characteristics, we selected using the comparative method as the most appropriate means to assess the level of motor competence of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd edition. Conclusion: The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd edition, presents the most comprehensive diagnostic tool to assess motor competence and its difficulties, despite shortcomings such as the absence of normative-related criteria in more European countries and time-consuming testing. The time-consuming test and the suitability of individual access to the person being tested to collect and evaluate data make it difficult to establish the test battery as the gold standard in motor competence diagnostics. From a practical point of view, the material presented will help facilitate the choice of a specific assessment tool according to the educational or clinical goal of the research","PeriodicalId":43466,"journal":{"name":"Physical Activity Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}