SA Journal of Radiology最新文献_第9页

Sellar spine: A rare Bony variant of the Sella Turcica 鞍骨脊柱:鞍骨的罕见骨变体

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SA Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2371

Luke D. Metelo-Liquito, Thandi E. Buthelezi

引用次数: 1

Primary giant cell tumour of the breast with recurrence: A rare case report 乳腺原发性巨细胞瘤复发1例

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SA Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2393

F. Suleman, Moipone N. Vilakazi, M. Bida, Richard Edwards

引用次数: 0

A digital audit of emergency upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopy workflow in children with bilious vomiting 胆汁性呕吐儿童急诊上消化道透视工作流程的数字审计

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SA Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2300

Bradley C. Messiahs, R. Pitcher

{"title":"A digital audit of emergency upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopy workflow in children with bilious vomiting","authors":"Bradley C. Messiahs, R. Pitcher","doi":"10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2300","url":null,"abstract":"Background Bilious vomiting in children requires an urgent evaluation with upper gastrointestinal (UGI) fluoroscopy as it may herald life-threatening midgut malrotation with volvulus (MMWV). There are no published data available on the duration of time-critical UGI workflow steps. Objectives A digital audit of workflow in emergency UGI contrast studies performed on children with bile-stained vomiting at a large South African teaching hospital. Method A retrospective study was conducted from 01 May 2012 – 31 May 2019. A customised search of the institutional radiology information system (RIS) defined all children with bilious vomiting who underwent emergency UGI fluoroscopy. Extracted RIS timestamps were used to calculate the median duration of the ‘approval’, ‘waiting’, ‘study’ and ‘reporting’ times. One-way analysis of variance and Chi-squared tests assessed the association between key parameters and the duration of workflow steps, with 5% significance (p < 0.05). Results Thirty-seven patients (n = 37) with median age 0.8 months were included, of whom 20 (54%) had an abnormal C-loop. The median ‘total time’ from physician request to report distribution was 107 min (interquartile range [IQR]: 67−173). The median ‘approval’ (6 min; IQR: 1–15) and ‘reporting’ (38 min; IQR: 17–91) times were the shortest and longest workflow steps, respectively. Abnormal C-loops (p = 0.04) and consultant referrals (p = 0.03) were associated with shorter ‘approval’ times. The neonatal ‘waiting’ time was significantly longer than that for older patients (p = 0.02). Conclusion The modern RIS is an excellent tool for time-critical workflow analyses, which can inform interventions for improved service delivery.","PeriodicalId":43442,"journal":{"name":"SA Journal of Radiology","volume":"531 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72550417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Otosyphilis: A rare cause of acute bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in a HIV-negative patient 耳梅毒:一个罕见的原因急性双侧感音神经性听力损失的hiv阴性患者

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SA Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2351

Johan Sothmann, S. Adam, G. V. van Tonder, Razaan Davis, L. J. van Rensburg

引用次数: 0

An audit of the adequacy of contrast enhancement in CT pulmonary angiograms in a South African tertiary academic hospital setting 在南非三级学术医院设置的CT肺血管造影增强的充分性审计

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SA Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2350

Derik J. Basson, H. Moodley

{"title":"An audit of the adequacy of contrast enhancement in CT pulmonary angiograms in a South African tertiary academic hospital setting","authors":"Derik J. Basson, H. Moodley","doi":"10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2350","url":null,"abstract":"Background Undiagnosed pulmonary embolism carries high mortality and morbidity. Computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) is the diagnostic method of choice for accurate diagnosis. Inadequate contrast opacification is the second most common cause of indeterminate CTPAs. Objectives Audit the adequacy of CTPA contrast enhancement and determine whether inadequate enhancement is affected by the size and site of the intravenous cannula, flow rate, contrast volume, contrast leakage and day shift versus after hours services. Method Retrospective and prospective audits of the adequacy of contrast enhancement of CTPAs at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital were conducted using the Royal College of Radiologists guidelines (≤ 11% of studies with < 210 HU). Protocol variables were collected prospectively from questionnaires completed by radiographers performing the CTPAs. Adequate versus inadequate groups were analysed. Results A total of 63 (retrospective) and 130 (prospective) patients were included with inadequate contrast enhancement rates of 19% (12/63) and 20.8% (27/130), respectively. The majority of CTPAs were performed during the day 56.2% (73/130) with a 20G cannula 66.2% (86/130) in the forearm 33.8% (44/130) injecting 100 mL – 120 mL contrast 43.1% (56/130) at 3 mL/s 63.1% (82/130). The median flow rate (3 mL/s) and contrast volume (80 mL) were identical in both adequate and inadequate groups, while the remaining variables showed no statistical difference. Conclusion The rate of inadequately enhanced CTPAs in this study was high. The protocol variables did not have a significant influence on the rate of inadequate enhancement. Further research, particularly using flow rates > 4 mL/s, is required for protocol optimisation.","PeriodicalId":43442,"journal":{"name":"SA Journal of Radiology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77765054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Concurrent cranial and cervical spine injuries by associated injury mechanisms in traumatic brain injury patients 外伤性脑损伤患者并发颅颈椎损伤的相关损伤机制

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SA Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2321

Pilasande Hlwatika, T. Hardcastle

{"title":"Concurrent cranial and cervical spine injuries by associated injury mechanisms in traumatic brain injury patients","authors":"Pilasande Hlwatika, T. Hardcastle","doi":"10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2321","url":null,"abstract":"Background The incidence of concurrent traumatic brain injury (TBI) and cervical spine injury (c-spine) is relatively high, with a variety of risk factors. Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and related factors associated with combined cranial and c-spine injury in TBI patients by assessing their demographics and clinical profiles. Method A retrospective study of patients attending the Trauma Centre at the Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital as post head trauma emergencies and their CT brain and c-spine imaging performed between January 2018 and December 2018. Results A total of 236 patients met the criteria for the study; 30 (12.7%) patients presented with concurrent c-spine injury. Most TBI patients were males (75%) and accounted for 70% of the c-spine injured patients. The most common mechanism of injury with a relationship to c-spine injury was motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) and/or pedestrian vehicle collisions (70%). The risk factors associated with c-spine injury in TBI patients were cerebral contusions (40%), traumatic subarachnoid haematomas (36%) and skull fractures (33.3%). The statistically significant intracranial injury type more likely to have an associated c-spine injury was diffuse axonal injury (p = 0.04). Conclusion The results suggest that concurrent TBI and c-spine injury should be considered in patients presenting with a contusion, traumatic subarachnoid haematoma and skull fracture. The high incidence of c-spinal injury and more than 1% incidence of spinal cord injury suggests that c-spine scanning should be employed as a routine for post MVC patients with cranial injury.","PeriodicalId":43442,"journal":{"name":"SA Journal of Radiology","volume":"2008 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86224205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A retrospective review of CT pulmonary angiogram confirmed pulmonary emboli in COVID-19 patients admitted to Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town 回顾性分析开普敦格鲁特舒尔医院收治的COVID-19患者的CT肺血管造影证实的肺栓塞

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SA Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2022-02-28 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2280

Petri Ahlers, Mariam Q. Said-Hartley

{"title":"A retrospective review of CT pulmonary angiogram confirmed pulmonary emboli in COVID-19 patients admitted to Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town","authors":"Petri Ahlers, Mariam Q. Said-Hartley","doi":"10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2280","url":null,"abstract":"Background A high incidence of thromboembolic phenomena has been widely reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. There is, however, a paucity of data detailing the incidence and characteristics of pulmonary emboli (PE) in COVID-19 patients in the South African setting. Objectives To describe the incidence and characteristics of PE confirmed by CT pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to a tertiary hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa. Methods This was a retrospective-, descriptive study of all adult patients with COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) undergoing CTPA for suspected PE while admitted to Groote Schuur Hospital. The study period was from 01 April 2020 to 30 September 2020. Results The study cohort consisted of 116 patients, 59% being female, of whom 29% were pregnant or in the postpartum period. The median age for both genders combined was 49.5 years. The overall incidence of PE was 19%, with 20% in our subset of pregnant and postpartum patients. The majority (64%) of PE’s were reported as being segmental in anatomical location. Conclusion The noteworthy cohort included patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), HIV as well as pregnant and postpartum patients. The overall incidence of PE was 19% with no significant differences in demographics, comorbidities or D-dimer levels between patients with or without PE. The importance of a high clinical index of suspicion together with the role of CTPA in diagnosing PE in hospitalised COVID-19 patients is emphasised.","PeriodicalId":43442,"journal":{"name":"SA Journal of Radiology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87232756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fatal non-accidental injury in South Africa: A Gauteng hospital’s perspective on the incidence and fracture types in post-mortem skeletal surveys 南非致命的非意外伤害:豪登省一家医院对死后骨骼调查中骨折类型和发生率的看法

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SA Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2022-02-22 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2311

Robyn M Wessels, H. Moodley

{"title":"Fatal non-accidental injury in South Africa: A Gauteng hospital’s perspective on the incidence and fracture types in post-mortem skeletal surveys","authors":"Robyn M Wessels, H. Moodley","doi":"10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2311","url":null,"abstract":"Background In its severest form, non-accidental injury (NAI) in children is fatal. South Africa has been reported to have double the global average of child homicides. Autopsy is the main investigation in fatal NAI with post-mortem skeletal surveys (PMSS) playing an adjunctive role. Whilst fracture patterns associated with NAI in living patients have been established, this has not been investigated in PMSS in South Africa. Objectives To determine the incidence and characteristics of fractures in suspected fatal NAI cases. To calculate the incidence of fractures according to high-, moderate- and low-specificity fracture locations for NAI. Methods A retrospective review of all PMSS performed between 01 January 2012 and 03 December 2018 was conducted at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital. Results Of the 73 PMSS, 33 (45.2%) demonstrated fractures. No statistical significance in sex was found: 38 (52.1%) were male and 35 (47.9%) were female (p > 0.05). The mean age of those who sustained fractures was 28 months (standard deviation [s.d.]: 21 months). A total of 115 fractures were sustained, of that the top five bones fractured were the ribs 37 (32.2%), parietal bone 13 (11.3%), ulna 13 (11.3%), femur 13 (11.3%), and radius 11 (9.6%). High-specificity fracture locations accounted for 40/133 (30.1%). Conclusion The fracture types in PMSS were similar to those in live skeletal surveys. Our study’s fracture rate was higher in comparison to international studies. The PMSS is a valuable adjunct to autopsy in detecting occult fractures of the limbs. We recommend that PMSS be performed in suspected fatal NAI cases at least in children up to 24 months of age.","PeriodicalId":43442,"journal":{"name":"SA Journal of Radiology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86387703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

CT pulmonary angiography findings in HIV-infected patients referred for suspected pulmonary thrombo-embolic disease. 疑似肺血栓栓塞性疾病的hiv感染患者的CT肺血管造影结果。

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SA Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2022-01-31 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2273

Diane Wiese, Leisha Rajkumar, Susan Lucas, David Clopton, Jacob Benfield, Jason DeBerry

{"title":"CT pulmonary angiography findings in HIV-infected patients referred for suspected pulmonary thrombo-embolic disease.","authors":"Diane Wiese, Leisha Rajkumar, Susan Lucas, David Clopton, Jacob Benfield, Jason DeBerry","doi":"10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2273","url":null,"abstract":"Background: South Africa bares a significant burden of HIV and imaging is commonly performed as part of the workup for respiratory distress.Objectives: The aim of this study was to document the prevalence of pulmonary thrombo-embolic disease (PTED) and other findings in HIV-infected patients referred for CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) for suspected PTED.Method: Forty CTPA studies of documented HIV-infected individuals investigated for suspected PTED during a 1-year period were retrieved, anonymised and interpreted by three consultant radiologists. Inter-reader reliability was calculated using Free Marginal multi-rater Kappa.Results: Fourteen of the forty cases (35%) were positive for PTED. In the pulmonary embolism (PE)-positive group, 57.14% had peripheral disease and 42.86% had both peripheral and central disease. Associated findings in the PE-positive cases were pulmonary infarcts (17.5%), mosaic attenuation (17.5%) and linear atelectasis (7.5%). The most common incidental findings were solid pulmonary nodules (52.5%), non-wedge-shaped consolidation (45%), cardiomegaly (52.5%) and enlarged intra-thoracic lymph nodes (52.5%). Thirty per cent of the study population had findings related directly to the presence of PTED, whilst most cases in the study (77.5%) had pulmonary findings unrelated to PTED. In the PE-negative cases, 55% reported emergent findings that warranted immediate or urgent medical attention.Conclusion: Computed tomography pulmonary angiography imaging is critical for diagnosing PE. However, further investigation into the judicious application of CTPA in HIV-infected patients with suspected PTED is required, as CTPA findings in most of the cases in this study were unrelated to PE.","PeriodicalId":43442,"journal":{"name":"SA Journal of Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8832071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39927841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A case of carotid web: Cause of stroke in healthy and young patients. 颈动脉网一例:健康和年轻患者中风的原因。

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SA Journal of Radiology Pub Date : 2022-01-28 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v26i1.2291

Sanjay M Khaladkar, Darshana Dilip, Rahul Arkar, Vijetha Chanabasanavar, Purnachandra Lamghare

引用次数: 1