2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST)最新文献

{"title":"Mobile Application For Electricity Meter Reading and Billing Using Image Processing and Machine Learning","authors":"Eric Edem Dzeha, David Owusu, Godfrey A. Mills, Ing Bernard Pi-Bansa, R. Sowah","doi":"10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682085","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, electric power utilities acquire the energy consumption information of users for billing through manual meter reading. With the advent of smart digital energy meters coupled with IoT solutions, meter reading services have improved considerably where user energy data could be collected remotely through telemetry. In many developing countries where most electric energy meters are still post-paid or non-smart devices, the utilities continue to rely on physical inspection and recording the user energy consumption for billing. This method is tedious and prone to error and delays in customer bill preparations. This paper proposes a mobile application solution that involves taking real-time pictures of energy meter readings using a mobile device and transmitting the data to a central server to process and extract the user consumption information using an artificial intelligence engine. The mobile application allows users to enter details of the meter being read. The optical character recognition technology was used as the intelligence engine at the central server to extract the meter readings from the images. The character recognition engine was trained and tested using the open-source MNIST database, which has 60,000 samples for training and 10,000 samples for testing. The meter reading system was first tested using an existing database of recorded images of energy meters, then tested at selected residences in different communities. Results revealed that the application could extract the different customer energy consumption records from the image data with an accuracy of 99.09%. An average time of 1.52 s was recorded to extract the customer energy consumption data from the images and 0.34 s to transmit the data to the billing server. The transmission time is, however, dependent on the communication service provider used for the data transmission. This software-based solution will provide enormous benefits to electric utilities that use post-paid energy meters and rely on the manual recording of the user data. The utility company will make reading faster, easier, and more accurate by automating the meter reading process.","PeriodicalId":434382,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122819057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulnerability Analysis of Online Banking Sites to Cross-Site Scripting and Request Forgery Attacks: A Case Study in East Africa","authors":"Gifty Buah, Scholastica Memusi, John Munyi, Timothy Brown, R. Sowah","doi":"10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9681978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9681978","url":null,"abstract":"Web applications are prone to several attacks. Two common threats are cross-site scripting attacks and cross-site request forgery. With internet banking becoming more popular in East Africa, the level of security that online banking services offer has become an increasing concern. This paper presents an analysis of the safety of these applications used by many unsuspecting customers seeking convenience and determines ways to detect and prevent these attacks from taking place. We assumed that if people with a technical background in IT and information security are vulnerable to CSRF and XSS attacks, the public would be even more vulnerable. Out of 96 users, 35 answered our survey, 53.1% of the respondents said they do not check the URLs of online banking websites they visit to ensure they are not on a phishing site. Secondly, only 36.4% of users considered the security implications of clicking on links in emails or even on banking websites all the time. Based on the interviews done, testing and analysis conducted, there is a clear indication that Internet banking users are vulnerable to XSS and CSRF. Notably, close to 50 % of the Internet banking users we interviewed reported that they do not receive ample tips from the banks regarding security issues to look out for when transacting online. The findings from this research help make recommendations to banks and users to ensure that future online banking transactions are done more securely.","PeriodicalId":434382,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131220513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multi-Criteria Approach For Energetic Expense Cut Back Through Climate-Friendly Material Selection For Office Building Development: A Conceptual Framework","authors":"G. Sarpong-Nsiah, A. Acakpovi, G. Aggrey","doi":"10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682035","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on the concept of sustainability in environmental development, this paper presents a conceptual framework for aiding a multi-criteria material selection decision model for office building development in Ghana. The framework explores and evaluates the significance of analytical hierarchy process mode of decision-making to facilitate cut in energetic expense in building materials selection decision-making, in bringing cultural issues to the attention of civil and electrical engineers in office building development. With results derived from questionnaire surveys with a cross-section of house building stakeholders, key sustainability principle indicators impacting the selection of building materials are identified, analyzed, grouped and ranked according to the relative importance that each decision factor holds, using analytical hierarchy process theory of measurement through pairwise comparisons and relies on judgement of expert to derive priority scales. Adopting positivism the variables have been operationalized to reflect repetitive design intuition in the housing construction industry of Ghana:","PeriodicalId":434382,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115423414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Corrupted QR Code Scanners","authors":"Obed Appiah, Ezekiel Mensah Martey, C. B. Ninfaakanga, N. S. Awarayi, Eric Opoku","doi":"10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682029","url":null,"abstract":"Quick Response (QR) Code is touted for its ease and convenience. It has therefore seen tremendous applications today. The application of the codes for education, healthcare and marketing cannot be overemphasized. However, like other symbology technologies, the use of QR Codes may pose a challenge for users when scanners cannot scan codes at crucial moments. Unsuccessful or invalid scanning may be due to poor QR Code, the camera quality of the smartphone, corrupted QR Code image and poor implementation of scanning algorithm. In this paper, an evaluation of 10 highly rated QR code scanners is performed. Specifically, scanners resilience to corrupted images is evaluated. NeoReader QR outperformed the other scanners, while Kaspersky QR Scanner performed least. Generally, it was observed that scanners perform well when the number of characters encoded in the QR code is few, whether codes are corrupted or not. QR Codes with a high number of characters encoded in them are sensitive to noise. Again, scanners can handle Gaussian noise better than salt-and-pepper. Integration of median filter in the scanning pipeline to help suppress salt-and-pepper noise can make QR Code scanners robust.","PeriodicalId":434382,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124127162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patch-Based Capsule Network for Complex Images","authors":"Mighty Abra Ayidzoe, Yongbin Yu, Patrick Kwabena Mensah, Jingye Cai, F. U. Bawah, O. Nyarko-Boateng","doi":"10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9681959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9681959","url":null,"abstract":"Capsule Networks are neural networks that have the advantage of learning spatial and hierarchical information from data. They can learn and extract knowledge from smaller datasets (unlike other neural network algorithms); however, they perform poorly on complex and low-resolution images due to a problem called “crowding.” Crowding is attributed to the CapsNets’ attempt to read every object in an image (including background objects), resulting in poor performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a patch-based capsule network and a new squash function (power-B) to decompose an input image into smaller parts enabling the model to focus more on the relevant regions of interest. Experimental results show that the proposed model has efficient feature extraction capabilities, reduced computational time, and a fewer trainable number of parameters. The model’s performance is comparable to the state-of-the-art capsule network models by achieving overall recognition accuracies of 94.62%, 75.68%, and 92.82% for fashion-MNIST, CIFAR 10, and polyp datasets, respectively.","PeriodicalId":434382,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130697195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Content-Based Image Retrieval Framework for Classification of Cocoa Beans","authors":"Obed Appiah, Ezekiel Mensah Martey, C. B. Ninfaakanga, M. Agangiba","doi":"10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682061","url":null,"abstract":"Companies that process cocoa into chocolates and other cocoa products want fully fermented beans. Fermented beans are of excellent flavour and brownish, while other bean classes do not meet this standard. Apart from using chemically-based methods to evaluate the quality of cocoa beans, visual inspections are widely used at the primary level and have been successfully used to classify beans. The challenge of this method is that it is usually done by humans, which sometimes leads to the misclassification of beans. Computer vision has been proposed for the inspection of beans with an acceptable degree of performance. However, most machine learning-based approaches present models that make it impossible for users to inspect beans that influence machines’ decisions and provide proper feedback to improve performance. This paper proposes a Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) framework that can classify and display beans from the database that influences the classification decision. The framework was able to predict with 100% accuracy as Support Vector Machine (SVM). The performance of the framework stood superior to Naive Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT) and Discriminant Analysis Classifier (DAC). In addition, it offers users opportunities to see images that are helpful to decision making..","PeriodicalId":434382,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129124446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IoT Based Street Light Controller and Monitoring System","authors":"Perry Etornam Lartsey, D. T. Ayitey, A. Acakpovi, Ronald Esare Arthur","doi":"10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682127","url":null,"abstract":"Street lighting has become an essential commodity for human life as it provides lighting in cities, towns and most especially on roads to reduce risk of accidents at night. Though necessary, streetlight systems not properly managed can result in risk of accidents, excessive loss of energy, financial losses and dissatisfaction of customers. This paper proposes a smart system to manage streetlight operation, relying on sensors and internet of things technologies. The proposed smart streetlight system consisted of hardware and software design. While the hardware makes use of sensors, Arduino board and GPS devices to build an integrated system capable of reporting the state of the street light through available wireless network, the software aspect consisted of an online application, capable of remote monitoring and control. The smart streetlight was conceived, built and tested. Results showed an effective operation, leading to reduced energy consumption of the streetlight, subsequent reduction of carbon footprint, effective detection of fault, effective location of fault owing to GPS devices and reduced downtime. The system is further expandable to cover a whole town/nation streetlight system.","PeriodicalId":434382,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114486382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compact High Gain Elliptical Patch Antenna for Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar","authors":"Ebenezer Tawiah Ashong, Baidenger Agyekum Twumasi, P. Kagbetor","doi":"10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682001","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) due to its capabilities such as all-day and weather-independent operations and suitability to diverse platforms such as satellite, missile, airplane, and unmanned aerial vehicle among others, has an edge over optical imaging for various applications. The antenna is a key component, which determines the overall performance of a SAR system. SAR systems place great demands on the performance of the antenna and these demands must be factored into the selection of a suitable antenna candidate for this application. Generally, antennas suitable for SAR applications must possess features such as high gain, low sidelobe levels, and narrow beamwidth. Additionally, antennas selected for airborne and spaceborne SAR applications, which are highly sought by many countries, must have broad bandwidth and high efficiency. In this paper, an antenna which satisfies the bandwidth and gain requirements is proposed. The proposed antenna is an aperture-coupled elliptical patch antenna which utilizes an hourglass-like aperture to achieve maximum coupling. It also takes advantage of the stacked-patch configuration and SIW cavity backing to realize a high efficiency and broad bandwidth. The simulated impedance bandwidth reaches 640 MHz (6.58% FBW) ranging from 9.40 GHz to 10.04 GHz below the 10-dB point. The antenna gain exceeds 8.88 dBi from 9.5 GHz to 9.8 GHz. The maximum gain of 9.32 dBi is realized at 9.6 GHz. The radiation patterns are nearly symmetrical and stable across the operating band. The proposed antenna demonstrates high gain and high efficiency which makes it an attractive candidate for constructing arrays for high-efficiency applications such as satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR).","PeriodicalId":434382,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130507397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oil Film Characterization of PTFE During EHL Point Contact and Pure Rolling Tribology Tests","authors":"G. K. Gyimah, Shuzhen Jiang, A. Acakpovi, E. K. Oman, P. Nyanor, G. Barber","doi":"10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9681972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9681972","url":null,"abstract":"A polymer additive blended with commercial engine oil to have enhanced film-forming ability has been developed and studied using optical interferometry. An experimental study was carried out on the impact of polymer additives (Polytetrafluoroethylene – PTFE) in an oil film between a steel ball and a flat glass surface in non-conformal contact. The contact region was studied by means of optical interferometry using monochromatic two-beam interferometry, a microscope and a high-speed video recording device. A new method of determining the interference grade of the central film thickness was developed and used in this study. The interference intensities of the central point of contact at various speeds were captured by the high-speed video recording device and the central interference gray values were determined. These values were then used in new method to obtain the film thickness of the modeled lubricants, and compared with the rectangular SLIM fit and the LINE fit methods film thickness determination. Hamrock and Dawson calculations for EHL film thickness formation was also used for comparative analysis. The film thickness stability was simulated under both steady state and rolling state conditions. The lubricant film thickness stability obtained confirmed the beneficial effect of PTFE on film thickness behavior under pure rolling conditions. The regime observed by the profile of the film thickness suggest the transition between the hydrodynamics and elastohydrodynamic lubrication.","PeriodicalId":434382,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129437769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a Compact Monopole Antenna for Super Wideband and 5G Applications","authors":"Owusu Joseph, Akuffo Silas, Sangmen Elvis Donmaaye, Tindana Jeremiah Nawunzuk, V. Loung, Nana Twum Duah","doi":"10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9681971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9681971","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous technologies have been employed as the demand for data requirements and high resolution in wireless communication systems increase. Increased research has led to the evolution of numerous antennas including but not limited to monopole antennas and dipole antennas. An innovative design monopole antenna for Ultra-wideband applications is presented in this paper. The design incorporates a cut-in rectangular patch with, two notches at the upper and lower corners of the patch and a microstrip feed line. The proposed compact antenna is designed on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate of dimensions 22 mm x 28 mm x 15 mm which shows its compactness. Testing and simulation results generated from the proposed design showed good Ultra-wideband characteristics between 3.8 GHz and 50 GHz frequencies at 10 dB return loss. The performance of the antenna was tested at the sub-6 GHz spectrum and millimeter-wave spectrum specifically 6 GHz and 28 GHz. The proposed antenna has super-wide bandwidth with good impedance matching and isolation. The antenna’s simulated performance characteristics make it applicable in radar, sonar imaging in handheld devices in the Ultra-wideband spectrum, and 5G MIMO application.","PeriodicalId":434382,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129291304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}