Rice Crop - Current Developments最新文献

{"title":"Farmers’ Willingness to Cultivate Traditional Rice in Sri Lanka: A Case Study in Anuradhapura District","authors":"Ginigaddara Appuhamilage Sanjeewanie Ginigaddara and Sampath P Disanayake","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73082","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing health threats is a common problem among both rice growers and consumers in many parts of Sri Lanka and in the Asian region in general. Increasing trends in growing and consuming traditional rice could be observed in searching solutions for these problems. This study explored objectively the factors affecting willingness to grow tradi tional rice and its varietal selection in Anuradhapura district of Sri Lanka. 100 traditional and 100 non-traditional rice growers were selected using stratified sampling method for the field survey and data were analyzed descriptively, using logistic regression and factor analysis. Results revealed that 67% of the male farmers were willing to cultivate traditional rice over improved varieties and 65.6% traditional rice cultivation was observed among families with non-communicable diseases. Awareness of medicinal and nutritional values of traditional rice, land extent, farm gate price, age and education level of farm - ers, farming experience and farming system significantly affects (P ≤ 0.05) the willingness to cultivate traditional rice while factors related to varietal attributes, personal, market and production, respectively affects selection of traditional rice variety. Results conclude that farmers are willing to cultivate traditional rice in Anuradhapura district of Sri Lanka and selection of traditional rice varieties is most affected by varietal attributes which are adoptable to existing environmental conditions and personal factors like presence of non- communicable diseases, age of the farmers, education level and experience for farming .","PeriodicalId":433846,"journal":{"name":"Rice Crop - Current Developments","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122341554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorus Efficient Phenotype of Rice","authors":"Josefine Kant, Takuma Ishizaki, Juan Pariasca-Tanaka, Terry J. Rose, M. Wissuwa, M. Watt","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75642","url":null,"abstract":"The ideal phenotype to cope with P deficiency is suggested to be a larger root system, both in terms of length and foraging area, coupled with a high capacity for P solubiliza tion from compounds exuded from roots. Greater soil exploration results in a large num - ber of roots in the top soil, longer roots in general with more cortical aerenchyma, more and longer root hairs, and a shift in mycorrhizal and bacterial colonization. However, these assumptions often result from experiments in highly controlled, sterile and soil-free conditions using model plants or single ecotypes where results are then extrapolated to all genotypes and plant species. In recent years this generalization has been questioned. Here, we summarize recent rice research analyzing the natural diversity of rice root sys - tems under P deficiency. Interestingly, while some of the high yielding genotypes do show the expected, large root system phenotype, some have a surprisingly small root system—as little as a quarter of that of the large root system varieties—but achieve simi lar yield and P uptake under P deficiency. This effect has recently been termed root effi - ciency, which we discuss in this chapter in conjunction with root foraging traits.","PeriodicalId":433846,"journal":{"name":"Rice Crop - Current Developments","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117155350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice Production with Furrow Irrigation in the Mississippi River Delta Region of the USA","authors":"G. Stevens, Matthew Rhine, James W. Heiser","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74820","url":null,"abstract":"Furrow irrigated rice is an alternative method for growing rice with less water and labor than conventional flood irrigation. In the Mississippi River Delta region, layflat plastic pipe is used to supply water to furrows from irrigation wells. Different size holes are punched in pipe to optimize uniformity of water distribution. Beds are made before planting to channel water down furrows. Rice seed is planted in rows with a grain drill. Water infiltration in furrows is two-dimensional through a wetted perimeter with soil in the bottom of furrows and sidewalls of beds. An ideal field for furrow irrigation has no more than 0.1% slope with high clay content. No rice cultivars have been developed specifically for furrow irrigation but tests showed that some cultivars tolerate water stress better than others. In field trials, rice yields with furrow irrigation were lower than flooded rice with the greatest yield loss in the upper part of fields. However, results indicated that rice yields can be increased with proper timing of nitrogen fertilization and irrigation and adaption of new rice herbicides for weed control.","PeriodicalId":433846,"journal":{"name":"Rice Crop - Current Developments","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130007185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Rice Grain Quality by Enhancing Accumulation of Iron and Zinc While Minimizing Cadmium and Lead","authors":"Lei Gao, J. Xiong","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72826","url":null,"abstract":"Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are important trace elements for people’s health around the globe. A lot of people, especially children and woman, are suffering from malnutrition caused by Fe and/or Zn deficiency. The deficiency is more pronounced in some parts of Africa and Asia due to low income, which makes it difficult to afford meat or sea foods that are rich in Fe and Zn. Biofortification of Fe and Zn in rice is the most economical and conve - nient way to supplement these important minerals in the diet of poor people. However, besides Fe and Zn, rice also can accumulate heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), which are harmful to people, especially for kids’ health. Previous researches have shown that there are connections and discrepancies for metal absorption, translo - cation, and accumulation in rice. So it is imperative to review these issues. This chapter compares the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Fe, Zn, Cd, and Pb uptake, mobilization, and accumulation in rice and discusses the progress and strategies for not only increasing Fe/Zn but also decreasing Cd/Zn accumulation in rice. Cd/Pb in grains based on functional QTLs or genes. These cultivars show no agriculturally or economically adverse traits and can be applied sooner. On the other hand, modern transgenic technology provides perspectives for efficiently improving Fe/Zn content and decreasing Cd/ Pb content in rice grains to dietary significant levels for humans’ nutrition (As to Pb, more researches on QTL and genes still needed). Besides improving rice seeds, water and fertilizer management is also significantly related with increased Fe/Zn and decreased Cd/Pb in rice grains. More studies are still needed to optimize irrigation time, fertilizer categories, dosage, and application stages. In addition, although it is available to establish rice cultivars with high Fe or Zn content, or establish rice cultivars with low Cd or Pb separately, interactions among these metals need to be better understood, and more steps are still needed to cultivate rice with all these merits and without decreasing rice production.","PeriodicalId":433846,"journal":{"name":"Rice Crop - Current Developments","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126786639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}