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Journal of Soil Contamination最新文献

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Congener Level PCB Desorption Kinetics of Field-Contaminated Sediments 野外污染沉积物的同族水平多氯联苯解吸动力学
Journal of Soil Contamination Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/10588339991339496
U. Ghosh, A. Weber, J. N. Jensen, John R. Smith
{"title":"Congener Level PCB Desorption Kinetics of Field-Contaminated Sediments","authors":"U. Ghosh, A. Weber, J. N. Jensen, John R. Smith","doi":"10.1080/10588339991339496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10588339991339496","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to study congener level PCB desorption kinetics of field-contaminated sediments and develop a simple methodology to analyze the desorption behavior. Batch desorption kinetic studies were conducted using XAD-4 resin. Two-phase desorption kinetics were observed for most PCB congeners, consisting of an initial fast rate followed by an extended period of slow rate. A dual first-order rate model was fitted to the PCB desorption data to estimate PCB concentrations in the fast and slow desorbing pools. The fast and slow desorption rates were found to decrease with increasing chlorina-tion of PCB congeners, decreasing ortho chlorination, and decreasing temperature. Estimated first-order desorption rate constants for the fast pools were found to be two orders of magnitude higher than those for the corresponding slow pools. The log of first-order rate constants for the different PCB congeners were found to be linearly related to the log of octanol-water partition coefficients. There...","PeriodicalId":433778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Contamination","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115881336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Risk Analysis of a Farm Area Near a Lead- and Cadmium-Contaminated Industrial Site 铅镉污染工业场地附近农场的风险分析
Journal of Soil Contamination Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/10588339991339450
K. Cambra, Teresa Martínez, A. Urzelai, E. Alonso
{"title":"Risk Analysis of a Farm Area Near a Lead- and Cadmium-Contaminated Industrial Site","authors":"K. Cambra, Teresa Martínez, A. Urzelai, E. Alonso","doi":"10.1080/10588339991339450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10588339991339450","url":null,"abstract":"The Asua Valley is an area on the outskirts of Bilbao where industry and small farms still coexist despite decades of serious environmental pollution. The present study was carried out to estimate the risk to which the residents of the area are exposed as a result of soil/dust ingestion and consumption of locally grown fresh produce, and, on the basis of this data, to delimit the areas that might require environmental clean-up. The relation between lead and cadmium content in soil and plant samples was assessed by multiple linear regression. The level of soil lead content for proposing intervention was determined by assessing the exposure of young children due to soil ingestion, assuming a “central-estimate” ingestion rate of 110 mg/day. Vegetable sampling was stratified according to the level of cadmium in the soil. The intervention content of cadmium was established as the midpoint of the soil sampling stratum previous to the one registering a vegetable consumption hazard quotient of 1; in this interval...","PeriodicalId":433778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Contamination","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115568266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 91
Statistical Analysis of Chemical Release Rates from Soils 土壤化学物质释放速率的统计分析
Journal of Soil Contamination Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/10588339991339469
D. Opdyke, R. Loehr
{"title":"Statistical Analysis of Chemical Release Rates from Soils","authors":"D. Opdyke, R. Loehr","doi":"10.1080/10588339991339469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10588339991339469","url":null,"abstract":"Two statistical methods for determining the precision of best-fit model parameters generated from chemical rate of release data are discussed. One method uses the likelihood theory to estimate marginal confidence intervals and joint confidence regions of the release model parameters. The other method uses Monte Carlo simulation to estimate statistical inferences for the release model parameters. Both methods were applied to a set of rate of release data that was generated using a field soil. The results of this evaluation indicate that the precision of F (the fraction of a chemical in a soil that is released quickly) is greater than the precision of k1 (the rate constant describing fast release), which is greater than the precision of k2 (the rate constant describing slow release). This occurs because more data are taken during the time period described by F and k1 than during the time period described by F and k2. In general, estimates of F will be relatively precise when the ratio of k1 to k2 is large, ...","PeriodicalId":433778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Contamination","volume":"501 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116697482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Potential of Soil and Groundwater Contamination Due to Mine Subsidence Under a Landfill 垃圾填埋场下矿山沉陷对土壤和地下水的潜在污染
Journal of Soil Contamination Pub Date : 1999-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10588339991339405
Sanjeev Kumar
{"title":"Potential of Soil and Groundwater Contamination Due to Mine Subsidence Under a Landfill","authors":"Sanjeev Kumar","doi":"10.1080/10588339991339405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10588339991339405","url":null,"abstract":"Results of a study to evaluate the effects of mine subsidence on the integrity of a clay liner and potential for soil and groundwater contamination below a previously mined landfill are presented. The results show that for the existing site conditions, surface subsidence features are expected to be similar to subsidence troughs, and the site has minimal potential of being contaminated due to deep-sited subsidence in the mine. To further reduce potential for soil and groundwater contamination at the site, it is recommended that the minimum thickness of the compacted clay liner be 4 ft instead of the 2 to 3 ft generally used. Discussion is presented indicating that further study is required to develop an adequate design procedure to determine the effects of nonuniform settlement of foundation soils or refuse on the hydraulic conductivity of landfill clay barriers.","PeriodicalId":433778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Contamination","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128452191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of dissolved organic matter on the desorption and mineralization rates of naphthalene 溶解有机质对萘解吸和矿化速率的影响
Journal of Soil Contamination Pub Date : 1999-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10588339991339432
W. Plaehn, Xianda Zhao, B. Dale, T. Voice
{"title":"Impact of dissolved organic matter on the desorption and mineralization rates of naphthalene","authors":"W. Plaehn, Xianda Zhao, B. Dale, T. Voice","doi":"10.1080/10588339991339432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10588339991339432","url":null,"abstract":"The persistence of organic contaminants in plant-soil systems will be largely determined by the basic processes controlling bioavailability: desorption and biodegradation. Both processes can be affected by the presence of and variations in dissolved organic matter (DOM). To evaluate potential effects of DOM in surface soil remediation systems, the kinetics of naphthalene desorption from soil and mineralization in soil solution in the presence of DOM were studied in completely mixed batch reactors (CMBRs). Three different DOM solutions were studied. These were obtained from water extraction of two different soils (muck-highly organic and alfalfa field-agricultural) and a third prepared by reconstituting a fulvic acid reference standard purchased commercially. Neither the desorption rate nor equilibrium partitioning of naphthalene was affected by the presence of varying DOM solutions. The effect on mineralization was evaluated based on an evaluation of a first-order rate constant produced by nonlinear regre...","PeriodicalId":433778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Contamination","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132691106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Adsorption of Five Model Organic Compounds on a Peat at Different Stages of Drying 不同干燥阶段泥炭对5种模式有机化合物的吸附
Journal of Soil Contamination Pub Date : 1999-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10588339991339397
I. Franco, L. Leita, C. Vischetti, M. Nobili
{"title":"Adsorption of Five Model Organic Compounds on a Peat at Different Stages of Drying","authors":"I. Franco, L. Leita, C. Vischetti, M. Nobili","doi":"10.1080/10588339991339397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10588339991339397","url":null,"abstract":"Acridine orange (AO), dinitrobenzoic acid (DNB), bromocresol green (BCG), bromophenol blue (BPB), and methylene blue (MB) were chosen as model aromatic compounds of different polarity, charge, and solubility in water to examine the effects of solute properties on hydrophobic adsorption. These compounds show strict structural similarities to some herbicides and other potential xenobiotic pollutants and exhibit distinct absorption maxima in the visible region, which allows for their easy determination. A well-decomposed peat (medisaprist) at four different stages of drying was used to determine compound adsorption/desorption influences based on the degree of hydrophobicity and charge density of an organic surface. Adsorption and desorption isotherms were investigated using the batch equilibration method and determining the concentration of free chemicals by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. AO had a high tendency of adsorption and was strongly sorbed on peat samples that had been air-dried for 12 months. The lower ...","PeriodicalId":433778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Contamination","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133406555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Analysis of Diesel Fuel Contamination in Soils by Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectrometry and Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography 土壤中柴油污染的近红外反射光谱和固相微萃取-气相色谱分析
Journal of Soil Contamination Pub Date : 1999-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10588339991339423
D. Malley, Kristina N. Hunter, G. R. Barrie Webster
{"title":"Analysis of Diesel Fuel Contamination in Soils by Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectrometry and Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography","authors":"D. Malley, Kristina N. Hunter, G. R. Barrie Webster","doi":"10.1080/10588339991339423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10588339991339423","url":null,"abstract":"A feasibility study was undertaken to determine whether the rapid, nondestructive analytical technology, near-infrared reflectance spectrometry (NIRS) could be used to predict total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in contaminated soil. Hydrocarbon concentrations were determined on samples of diesel-contaminated soils by the solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography (SPME-GC) method. The same samples were then scanned for near-infrared reflectance spectrometry over the wavelength range 1100 to 2498 nm. Calibrations were developed between the NIR spectral data and the reference SPME-GC chemical data using stepwise multiple linear regression. Linear regression relationships between NIR-predicted TPH concentrations and reference data had r2 of 0.68 and 0.72. These results indicate that the combination of NIRS and SPME-GC shows promise as a method for rapid estimation of TPH in soil. A major hurdle in the evaluation of methodology for hydrocarbons residues in soil is the challenge posed by the weathering of s...","PeriodicalId":433778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Contamination","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115279838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 49
Simulated Phosphorus and Sediment Loadings in Two Representative Subbasins of the Illinois River 模拟伊利诺伊河两个代表性子流域的磷和泥沙负荷
Journal of Soil Contamination Pub Date : 1999-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10588339991339441
T. Udouj, H. D. Scott
{"title":"Simulated Phosphorus and Sediment Loadings in Two Representative Subbasins of the Illinois River","authors":"T. Udouj, H. D. Scott","doi":"10.1080/10588339991339441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10588339991339441","url":null,"abstract":"Quantification of the factors affecting phosphorus (P) loading to surface waters is important in assessing the contribution from agricultural activities to water quality. This study investigated the long-term impact of applications of P in poultry litter on the loadings of P and sediment to streams in two subbasins of the Illinois River Watershed. The influences of application rate and environmental characteristics were examined utilizing a transport model, a geographical information system (GIS), and 30 years of daily weather data. Simulated runoff and sediment concentrations of P increased linearly with poultry litter application rate. Most P loadings to streams were in the dissolved form, as overall sediment transport was low, particularly in areas with excellent stands of forage. Because only pasturelands received poultry litter and the initial concentrations of P in the soils in the forested areas were low, the forested areas contributed little runoff and sediment P to streams. Areas of high P loadin...","PeriodicalId":433778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Contamination","volume":"7 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114006884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Copper, Lead, Cadmium, and Zinc Sorption By Waterlogged and Air-Dry Soil 浸水和风干土壤对铜、铅、镉和锌的吸附
Journal of Soil Contamination Pub Date : 1999-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/10588339991339379
I. Phillips
{"title":"Copper, Lead, Cadmium, and Zinc Sorption By Waterlogged and Air-Dry Soil","authors":"I. Phillips","doi":"10.1080/10588339991339379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10588339991339379","url":null,"abstract":"Competitive sorption of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) was studied in three soils of contrasting chemical and physical properties under air-dry and waterlogged conditions. Comp...","PeriodicalId":433778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Contamination","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133365307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 48
Elevated Soil Arsenic Levels at a Former Crude Oil Storage Facility-Assessment, Remediation, and Possible Sources 原原油储存设施土壤砷含量升高——评估、补救和可能的来源
Journal of Soil Contamination Pub Date : 1999-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/10588339991339360
D. E. Wellman, D. Reid, A. Ulery
{"title":"Elevated Soil Arsenic Levels at a Former Crude Oil Storage Facility-Assessment, Remediation, and Possible Sources","authors":"D. E. Wellman, D. Reid, A. Ulery","doi":"10.1080/10588339991339360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10588339991339360","url":null,"abstract":"Surface and near-surface soil arsenic levels were measured at a former crude oil storage facility within the greater Los Angeles area of Southern California. Arsenic was present in soil within some portions of the site at concentrations defined as being hazardous by both the State of California and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The elevated soil total arsenic concentrations ranged from about 30 to 2300 mg/kg and generally occurred in, and adjacent to, the former washing and storage tank locations and along piping runs. In contrast, background concentrations of arsenic in soil at the site ranged from less than the analytical method detection limits (0.5 mg/kg) to approximately 8.0 mg/kg. The elevated soil arsenic concentrations are believed to be the result of the use of arsenical corrosion inhibitors within production wells and possibly the use of arsenical biocides in washing and skimmer tanks. Flow lines from production wells within the oil field to the crude oil storage facility co...","PeriodicalId":433778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Contamination","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124158897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
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