{"title":"‘Unlocatable Bodies’: Modernist Veiled Dancers from Loïe Fuller to Maud Allan","authors":"Megan Girdwood","doi":"10.3366/edinburgh/9781474481625.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474481625.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This opening chapter considers Loïe Fuller’s veiled dance performances in the 1890s as formative touchstones for Salome’s later modernist appeal. Drawing on Stéphane Mallarmé’s influential notion of dance as a form of ‘bodily writing’, as well as Jacques Rancière’s more recent reading of Fuller’s ‘unlocatable body’, this chapter explores how Fuller purposely cultivated an aesthetics of radical disembodiment that paradoxically depended on her body’s material capacity to perform. Collapsing the distinction between her body and her veil, Fuller’s choreographic practice intervened in Symbolist and Decadent images of Salome as a degenerate femme fatale, modelling a new approach to this figure that was predicated on a type of feminist aesthetic potential located in the body. Tracing Fuller’s career from her landmark serpentine dances via two Salome-themed choreographies – Salome (1895) and La Tragédie de Salomé (1907) –, this chapter ultimately examines her influence on women’s modern dance through the controversial figure of Maud Allan, whose Vision of Salome (1906) refocused the queer implications of both Fuller’s dematerialised performance style and Salome’s more explicitly unorthodox sexuality.","PeriodicalId":433339,"journal":{"name":"Modernism and the Choreographic Imagination","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133603344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epilogue","authors":"Megan Girdwood","doi":"10.3366/edinburgh/9781474481625.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474481625.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This final chapter asks what became of the veiled woman-in-movement as Salome’s popularity waned and the period of canonical modernism drew to a close. Briefly discussing Salome’s mid-twentieth-century afterlives in Martha Graham’s Herodiade (1944) and Billy Wilder’s Sunset Boulevard (1950), this epilogue primarily traces references to Salome across the work of Samuel Beckett. Scattered and disparate though they may be, these traces point to Beckett’s deeper absorption of this paradigmatic modernist dance as a ‘metamorphic phantom’ that he would harness to the demands of his own theatre. If his late nineteenth and early twentieth-century precursors imagined the dancer to be ‘invisible’ beneath her veils, Beckett at once deconstructed and paradoxically re-embodied this dancer in his abstract stage choreographies, organising his works around dramatically reduced gestures and forms of movement. Beckett’s work provides us with one way of recovering the often-underplayed continuities between late nineteenth-century Symbolism and modernist theatre at its most abstract, showing how the forms associated with Salome’s dance were adopted and transformed in the second half of the twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":433339,"journal":{"name":"Modernism and the Choreographic Imagination","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124250693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Harmonies of Light’: Ciné-Dances and Women’s Silent Film","authors":"Megan Girdwood","doi":"10.3366/edinburgh/9781474481625.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474481625.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on Salome’s ‘dance of the seven veils’ in silent film. It shows how the modernist choreographic forms traced in previous chapters intersected with the development of filmic representation in both Hollywood and France, tracing the emergence of new grammars of movement through discourses surrounding performance, spectatorship, and the body in the 1920s. In the avant-garde silent film Salomé: An Historical Phantasy by Oscar Wilde (1922), the Russian actor and director Alla Nazimova paid queer homage to Wilde’s legacy by combining Beardsley’s Art Nouveau aesthetic with the modernist movement strategies of the Ballets Russes. Foregrounding the importance of this particular film, this chapter examines the reception of the various theatrical ‘vamps’ who played Salome, including Nazimova, Theda Bara and Mimi Aguglia, several of whom appeared in the interviews and neo-decadent short fiction of modernist author Djuna Barnes. Finally, it turns to the work of the French director Germaine Dulac, who was inspired by the performances of Loïe Fuller to develop a cinematographic practice devoted to the notion of the dancing line, embedding the kinaesthetics of modern dance in her experimental filmmaking.","PeriodicalId":433339,"journal":{"name":"Modernism and the Choreographic Imagination","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132686352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Herodias’ Daughters Have Returned Again’: W. B. Yeats and the Ideal Body","authors":"Megan Girdwood","doi":"10.3366/edinburgh/9781474481625.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474481625.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Salome was a source of fascination for the poet and playwright W. B. Yeats, appearing in his poetry, letters, memoirs, and plays. Examining Wilde’s often underplayed influence on Yeats, this chapter considers Yeats’s subtle yet persistent engagement with the image of Salome’s dance as a constitutive element of his broader ambition to incorporate choreography into his theatrical projects, otherwise known as his ‘plays for dancers’. This chapter explores how Yeats’s revisions of the Salomean figure in the plays At the Hawk’s Well (1916), The King of the Great Clock Tower (1934) and The Death of Cuchulain (1939) shaped his approach to stage space, modernist dramaturgy, Symbolist themes, stage pictures, and the depersonalisation of the performer, shaped by his collaborations with the practitioners Edward Gordon Craig, Michio Ito, and Ninette de Valois.","PeriodicalId":433339,"journal":{"name":"Modernism and the Choreographic Imagination","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129262271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘That Invisible Dance’: Symbolism, Salomé and Oscar Wilde’s Choreographic Aesthetics","authors":"Megan Girdwood","doi":"10.3366/edinburgh/9781474481625.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474481625.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Oscar Wilde’s one-act play Salomé, written in French and performed at the Théâtre de l’Oeuvre in February 1896, combined Fuller’s emphasis on the dematerialised body with the Symbolist themes and literary techniques he had gleaned from Mallarmé, Gustave Flaubert, and Joris-Karl Huysmans. Exploring Salomé’s controversial early performance history in Paris and London, this chapter resituates Wilde’s text within a late nineteenth-century ferment of avant-garde dramaturgy, Symbolist and Decadent aesthetics, and philosophies of embodiment and free will as applied to the figure of the dancing puppet, theorised most influentially by Heinrich von Kleist. This chapter places Wilde’s Salomé in dialogue with its key intertexts and related case studies, from Aubrey Beardsley’s decadent illustrations for the English translation, to various frustrated and successful attempts to play Salome by the French actor Sarah Bernhardt and the Russian dancer Ida Rubinstein.","PeriodicalId":433339,"journal":{"name":"Modernism and the Choreographic Imagination","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132509503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}