Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced near-infrared Ru (II) complex fluorescence sensor for sensitive sensing of Al3+ and cell imaging","authors":"Longlong Li ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Li ,&nbsp;Xinzhi Wang ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Changsheng Zheng ,&nbsp;Yinming Jing ,&nbsp;Haijiao Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent sensor (λ_em = 790 nm), [Ru ((CH₃O)₂bipy)₂ (BIMPY)]²⁺, was synthesized and thoroughly characterized, which can selectively recognize Al³⁺ ions in THF. The [Ru ((CH₃O)₂bipy)₂ (BIMPY)]²⁺ has excellent sensitivity (LOD = 3.48 × 10⁻⁸ mol/L) towards Al³⁺ with a 2:1 (Ru complex/Al³⁺) complex ratio and opportune binding constant (K = 606.82 mol/L). The change mechanism of photophysical properties was determined by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method, which illustrates fluorescence enhancement sensing to Al³⁺ ions. The [Ru ((CH₃O)₂bipy)₂ (BIMPY)]²⁺ was used as a field-deployable sensor, achieving on-site Al³⁺ monitoring via the RGB analysis. Furthermore, the [Ru ((CH₃O)₂bipy)₂ (BIMPY)]²⁺ succeed in imaging Al³⁺ in living HepG2 cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 126294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational design of an acid-sensitive fluorophore from 8-hydroxy quinoline derivative exhibiting proton activated charge transfer characteristics","authors":"M.M. Akhil Kumar ,&nbsp;K.M. Meghna ,&nbsp;P.G. Sudheesh ,&nbsp;V.M. Biju","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A pH-responsive small organic molecule 8OMeQBI has been synthesized by functionalizing 8-hydroxy quinoline and benzimidazole derivatives in an organo-aqueous medium. The pH-responsive fluorescence behavior in a semi-aqueous environment was studied using UV–visible and fluorescence spectral analysis. The newly prepared fluorophores show a protonation-activated fluorescence enhancement in an acidic environment. An increase in pH in an alkaline environment has caused deprotonation, resulting in diminished fluorescence intensity. Additionally, the protonation-induced fluorescence was confirmed through the proton-nuclear magnetic resonance titration analysis. Further, the photophysical studies reveal an enhancement in the relative quantum yield (ɸ = 0.3) and fluorescence lifetime (increases to 3 ns at pH 3) in an acidic environment. Also, the fluorophore shows fluorescence “On” with acids such as hydrochloric acid and fluorescence “Off” with bases such as triethylamine (TEA). This fluorescence “on-off” behavior is reversible and repeatable, which helps to develop a molecular-level logic gate and sequential memory unit with “Writing-Reading-Erasing-Reading” behavior. Furthermore, solid supportive experiments were carried out by preparing fluorophore-based films and paper strips. Also, the fluorophore demonstrates the practical applicability of potable water samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 126286"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging biomedical applications of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy integrated with artificial intelligence and microfluidic technologies","authors":"Zehra Tas ,&nbsp;Fatih Ciftci ,&nbsp;Kutay Icoz ,&nbsp;Mustafa Unal","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), artificial intelligence (AI), and microfluidics represent a transformative approach for biomedical applications. By combining the molecular sensitivity of SERS, AI-driven spectral analysis, and the precise sample handling of microfluidics, these novel integrated systems enable ultrasensitive, label-free diagnostics with minimal sample processing. The development of portable, cost-effective platforms could democratize advanced diagnostics for resource-limited settings. However, challenges such as reproducibility, clinical validation, and system integration hinder widespread adoption. This review explores these new integrated platforms, beginning with a discussion of SERS principles, their biomedical applications, and the critical roles of AI and microfluidics in enhancing analytical performance. We evaluate recent advances in the application of these integrated systems, while addressing key challenges such as substrate scalability, biocompatibility, and point-of-care translation, with a focus on nanomaterials, AI models, and lab-on-chip designs. Finally, we outline future directions, including multimodal sensing, sustainable materials, and embedded AI for real-time diagnostics, to bridge the gap between technological innovation and clinical implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 126285"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warburg effect in malign thyroid tissue evidenced using FTIR spectroscopy","authors":"Adriana Martinez-Cuazitl ,&nbsp;Monica Maribel Mata-Miranda ,&nbsp;Edgar Hernandez-Abarca ,&nbsp;Christian Andrei Becerril-Galeana ,&nbsp;Francisco Garibay-Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Luis Eduardo Delgado-Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Izanami Tamaniz-Marcos ,&nbsp;Juan Salvador Garcia-Hernandez ,&nbsp;Gustavo Jesus Vazquez-Zapien","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Objectives</h3><div>Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy; the clinical approach of nodular thyroid involves ultrasonography (USG) TI-RADS classification, clinical symptoms, and biopsies according to the Bethesda System, highlighting that biomarkers also support diagnosis. The main objective of this research is to compare the chemometric changes by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis between benign tumor (BT) vs. malignant neoplasm (MN) and thyroid pathology (TP) vs. healthy tissue (HT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Biopsies of thyroid nodular disease were obtained and analyzed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy; thereafter, BT and MN biomolecular compounds were compared, as well as TP vs HT. Prior biopsies, laboratory blood tests, USG TI-RADS classification, and thyroid cytopathology report (BETHESDA classifier) were obtained.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Laboratory blood tests showed that glucose and urea levels were similar in BT and MN, but in MN, the creatinine increased, and the albumin decreased compared to BT, with no differences in thyroid hormones. About the TI-RADS scoring system in the MN group, 52 % were unknown, followed by 4 (30 %). However, no significant differences in the size of the tumors were shown. The most reported Bethesda for BT was I, followed by IV and V. Contrary for the MN was VI, followed by V. The FTIR analysis showed shifts in all the analyzed biomolecules, highlighting the evidence of the Warburg effect on MN. Moreover, an increase in protein vs. lipid and protein vs. DNA (1650/1453 and 1550/1082 ratios) was observed, as well as decreased levels of DNA content about proteins and lipids (1550/1082 and 1082/1453 ratios). Besides, structural changes related to lipids (2962 cm-1, 2877 cm-1), fatty acids (1401 cm-1), amide III (1317 cm-1), and nucleic acid (1239 cm-1) were found on TP in comparison to HT. In this sense, TP showed decreased levels in proteins vs DNA and increased levels of DNA compared to lipids CH2.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Metabolic alteration in MN was evidenced, reflecting the “Warburg effect,” with a significant decrease in lipids and DNA compared to protein content. In the same way, structural changes related to lipids, fatty acids, amide III, and nucleic acids were found in TP compared to HT. However, more studies are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 126281"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of lanthanide-doped carbon dots Nanochemosensor for Paper-strip based as well as in-vitro Turn-off–on detection of Fe2+ ions and hydrogen peroxide","authors":"Amit Kumar ,&nbsp;Prabhakar Singh ,&nbsp;Pooja Kumari ,&nbsp;Kumari Nidhi ,&nbsp;Ratnesh Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Sumanta Kumar Sahu ,&nbsp;Archana Kumari","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shifting emission wavelengths through different excitation methods can provide valuable insights; however, the reduced intensity of the shifted peaks often presents challenges in practical applications. In this work, we report the exceptional enhancement of optical and chemical properties of carbon dots (CDs) by simple doping of erbium ions (Er³⁺ ions). Doping carbon dots (CDs) with Er³⁺ ions can significantly enhance their photoluminescence properties and emission wavelengths are tunable across the entire visible region. The increase in quantum yield from 24.7 % to 30.2 % could enhance the performance of these materials in practical applications. The Er³⁺ ions-doped carbon dots (Er@CDs) are designed via a single-step hydrothermal method and used as a fluorescence probe for signal turn-off–on detections of Fe²⁺ ions and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The fluorescence signal of Er@CDs is turn-off by the addition of Fe²⁺ ions and turn-on after addition of H₂O₂ with the detection of limits are 51.7 nM &amp; 55 µM, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of Er@CDs turn-off by Fe²⁺ ions may be due to the cation exchange of Er³⁺ ions with Fe²⁺ ions and turn-on via Fenton’s process. This sensing probe follows both dynamic and static quenching mechanism and described by fluorescence lifetime decay and zeta potentials analysis. The synthesized Er@CDs is utilized for paper-based turn-off–on detection of Fe²⁺ ions and H₂O₂. Additionally, the low cytotoxicity and small particle size of the Er@CDs make them ideal for <em>in-vitro</em> turn-off–on detection of Fe²⁺ ions and H₂O₂ in Hep G2 cancer cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 126282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering solid state photostability of polymyxin B using deconvolution based FTIR insights","authors":"Aanchal Yadav ,&nbsp;Pavankumar Sathala ,&nbsp;Madhuri Divate ,&nbsp;Laltanpuii Chenkul ,&nbsp;Neh Nupur ,&nbsp;Neeraj Upmanyu ,&nbsp;Pawan Kumar Porwal","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymyxin B, a cyclic nonapeptide antibiotic, showing high susceptibility towards photodegradation with questionable stability at room temperature, thus necessitating a full-scale investigation of its solid-state photostability. In the present work, deconvolution-based Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been used to explain the structural changes of polymyxin B under room temperature (RT), UV, and visible light illumination. These measurements in the spectral values are categorized into five regions (3771–3119, 3125–2485, 1845–1419, 1419–1203, and 1205–890 cm⁻¹), where the calibration curve of predefined target (deconvoluted) peaks showed good linearity for chosen analytical responses. The photostability investigations were done on 1st, 2nd, 10th, 20th and 30th days. The findings depicted that the <em>cyclo</em>-heptapeptide fragmented at a higher rate compared to the other areas, and the most degradation happened during the UV light exposure. Overall, Degradation of Polymyxin B proceeded in second order kinetics at RT, whereas the photo-mediated degradation was relatively higher compared to RT. A Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to trace the nonlinear regression between the correlation of individual functional group degradation in regard of stress conditions to understand the trends and dynamics. Hydrolysis of the peptide bonds and oxidation of the remains of amino acids occurred mainly within the tri peptide and <em>cyclo</em>-heptapeptide zones. The fatty acyl tail, because of its hydrophobic nature, remained less vulnerable to hydrolytic reactions and more stable. Nonetheless, visible light degradation was primarily focused on the oxidation of hydroxyl groups, UV degradation reflected unique degradation pattern for peptide bonds. At room temperature, zero-order breakdown takes place in the <em>cyclo</em>-heptapeptide area (3048 cm⁻1), and exposure to visible and UV radiation greatly enhances sensitivity. These studies highlighted the differential degradation behaviors of polymyxin B’s functional regions and provided insights into its stability and environmental susceptibility under varying storage conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 126256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mueller matrix polarimetry reveals chiroptical properties of metal chelates in solutions","authors":"Daniel Vala ,&nbsp;Jiří Zdráhala ,&nbsp;Jana Hudecová ,&nbsp;Hana Šestáková ,&nbsp;Jaroslav Šebestík ,&nbsp;David Kopečný ,&nbsp;Josef Kapitán ,&nbsp;Petr Bouř ,&nbsp;Kamil Postava","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proper characterization of molecular chiroptical properties is vital for organic chemistry and drug development. Nonetheless, narrow spectral ranges and the necessity for specialized equipment often limit traditional methods such as optical rotatory dispersion and electronic circular dichroism. Here, we introduce Mueller matrix polarimetry (MMP) as a more versatile tool for chiroptical analysis, capable of simultaneously capturing circular dichroism and optical rotatory dispersion spectra across ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelengths in a single measurement. We applied MMP to chiral metal complexes of Al, Mn, and Co, commonly used as catalysts in asymmetric syntheses. Using a robust experimental methodology, MMP distinguished enantiomeric forms and provided reliable chiroptical information by leveraging the inherent relationship between circular dichroism and optical rotatory dispersion. We interpreted our findings on the basis of density functional theory simulations, compared them to traditional electronic circular dichroism and absorption spectroscopies, and performed the Kramers-Kronig analysis. The combined approach of chiroptical MMP and ab-initio, for example, reveals delicate near-infrared chiroptical spectra of a neutral cobalt metal complex. Although MMP is more commonly used for solid state, the developed experimental protocol significantly expands its capabilities to solutions. It allows measurements without the need for both enantiomers and offers new insights into molecular chirality with potential applications across traditional and interdisciplinary branches of science and industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 126279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High resolution two photon fluorescence probe monitoring ClO− based on anion exchange for the synergistic ROS and ferroptosis activated by thermal energy","authors":"Yitong Lin ,&nbsp;Yan Pu ,&nbsp;Xingchen Wang ,&nbsp;Qiong Zhang ,&nbsp;Haifeng Tang ,&nbsp;Baocheng Jin ,&nbsp;Ming Cao ,&nbsp;Yan Feng ,&nbsp;Xingxing Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaojiao Zhu ,&nbsp;Hongping Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ferroptosis, closely correlated with hypochlorite (ClO⁻), is an emerging form of iron-dependent cell death. Exploring the ClO⁻ content in living cells will help to further reveal the biological function of ferroptosis. In this work, we have developed a two-photon excited fluorescent probe (CMI-ClO) which can detect the ClO⁻ changes during ferroptosis. CMI-ClO can specifically response to ClO⁻ by exchanging with I⁻. The multiple reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced simultaneously in the ClO⁻ identification process. More significantly, CMI-ClO produces ROS through thermal energy, breaking the limitation of light trigged conventional photosensitizers. CMI-ClO can achieve high resolution tracking of ferroptosis under NIR II excitation, where ROS and ferroptosis combine to cause mitochondrial damage and cell death. This work provides a synergistic strategy for enhancing ROS and ferroptosis therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 126277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive assessment of the role of spectral data pre-processing in spectroscopy-based liquid biopsy","authors":"Ondřej Vrtělka,&nbsp;Kateřina Králová,&nbsp;Markéta Fousková,&nbsp;Vladimír Setnička","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spectroscopic data often contain artifacts or noise related to the sample characteristics, instrumental variations, or experimental design flaws. Therefore, classifying the raw data is not recommended and might lead to biased results. Nevertheless, most issues may be addressed through appropriate data pre-processing. Effective pre-processing is particularly crucial in critical applications like liquid biopsy for disease detection, where even minor performance improvements may impact patient outcomes. Unfortunately, there is no consensus regarding optimal pre-processing, complicating cross-study comparisons.</div><div>This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of various pre-processing methods and their combinations to assess their influence on classification results. The goal was to identify whether some pre-processing methods are associated with higher classification outcomes and find an optimal strategy for the given data. Data from Raman optical activity and infrared and Raman spectroscopy were processed, applying tens of thousands of possible pre-processing pipelines. The resulting data were classified using three algorithms to distinguish between subjects with liver cirrhosis and those who had developed hepatocellular carcinoma.</div><div>Results highlighted that some specific pre-processing methods often ranked among the best classification results, such as the Rolling Ball for correcting the baseline of Raman spectra or the Doubly Reweighted Penalized Least Squares and Mixture model in the case of Raman optical activity. On the other hand, the selection of filtering and/or normalization approach usually did not have a significant impact. Nonetheless, the pre-processing of top-scoring pipelines also depended on the classifier utilized. The best pipelines yielded an AUROC of 0.775–0.823, varying with the evaluated spectroscopic data and classifier.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 126261"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxic conditions by Raman microspectroscopy – Reprogramming of fatty acids and glucose metabolism during colon cancer progression","authors":"Monika Kopeć,&nbsp;Karolina Beton-Mysur,&nbsp;Jakub Surmacki,&nbsp;Beata Brożek-Płuska","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellular respiration is the primary metabolic process for producing the energy (ATP) needed for survival. Disruptions in this process can lead to various diseases, including colon cancer. This paper reviews the current understanding of how excess fatty acids (FAs) and glucose (Glc) alter metabolic pathways. We focused on the impact of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), linoleic acid (LA)), saturated fatty acid (SFA) (palmitic acid (PA)), and glucose on healthy human colon cells (CCD-18 Co) and cancerous colon cells (Caco-2) using Raman microspectroscopy. Our study examined the metabolic abnormalities in mitochondria and lipid droplets caused by the external intake of FAs and glucose. The results indicate that the peaks at 750 cm⁻¹, 1004 cm⁻¹, 1256 cm⁻¹, 1444 cm⁻¹, and 1656 cm⁻¹ can serve as Raman biomarkers for monitoring metabolic pathways in colon cancer. We proved that oxidative metabolism towards glycolysis allows maintaining redox homeostasis and enables the survival and proliferation of cancer cells in hypoxic conditions. Our findings show that comparing control cells with cells supplemented with UFAs, SFA, and glucose can help detect metabolic abnormalities. Specifically, supplementation with UFAs reduces the intensity of the bands at 750 cm⁻¹ and 1004 cm⁻¹, while SFA and glucose increase their intensity. For the bands at 1256 cm⁻¹, 1444 cm⁻¹, and 1656 cm⁻¹, palmitic acid and glucose decrease the intensity, whereas linoleic acid increases it. This paper introduces new experimental techniques, such as Raman microspectroscopy and imaging, to track and understand the metabolic changes in colon cells caused by FAs and glucose under hypoxic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 126275"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}