Journal of Economics and Political Economy最新文献_第2页

Is the Balassa-Samuelson Hypothesis still relevant? Cross-country evidence from 1950 -2017 巴拉萨-萨缪尔森假说还适用吗?1950年至2017年的跨国证据

Journal of Economics and Political Economy Pub Date : 2020-09-28 DOI: 10.1453/JEPE.V7I3.2096

M. E. Hussain, M. Haque

引用次数: 1

The potential of Islamic financial institutions in promoting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ethiopia 伊斯兰金融机构在促进埃塞俄比亚中小企业方面的潜力

Journal of Economics and Political Economy Pub Date : 2020-09-28 DOI: 10.1453/JEPE.V7I3.2091

A. Ali, Ibrahim Bushera, Abdurahman J. Yesuf

引用次数: 2

Effect of electronic commerce on output and total factor productivity in Kenya 电子商务对肯尼亚产出和全要素生产率的影响

Journal of Economics and Political Economy Pub Date : 2020-07-08 DOI: 10.1453/JEPE.V7I2.2064

E. Kithinji, P. Onono

{"title":"Effect of electronic commerce on output and total factor productivity in Kenya","authors":"E. Kithinji, P. Onono","doi":"10.1453/JEPE.V7I2.2064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1453/JEPE.V7I2.2064","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Kenya seeks to transform into a middle-income country by 2030 with target annual growth rates of 10 percent. However, this has not been realized since growth rates are under 10 percent while 36 percent of the population lives below the poverty line. Various studies interpret this as an underperformance. However, this study held the view that the economic growth witnessed in the years 2007 to 2018pointed to a resilient economy characterized by average steady growth rates of 5.4 percent despite the deterioration of the global economic outlook. This resilience coincided with the adoption of e-commerce, increased output in absolute values and emphasis of Information and Communication Technology as a key industry under the economic pillar of the Kenya Vision 2030. The period also saw the emergence of mobile payment gateways, which is a key enabler for E-commerce among others. E-commerce activities increase efficiency and ease of doing business by reducing costs and barriers of operation, which are important for achieving economic growth in transition countries such as Kenya. The main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of e-commerce on output and total factor productivity. The study developed a framework following the neoclassical and endogenous growth theories. The study used quarterly time-series data from the period 2007 to 2018 and applied Ordinary Least Squares regression models. The results showed that e-commerce had a positive effect on output. The effect of e-commerce on Total Factor Productivity was positive when considering the value of mobile payments while that of card payments was negative. The results suggest that continued investments towards e-commerce in terms of capital and mobile payments technology will be important for Kenya to sustain output growth and productivity increase. Keywords. E-commerce, ICT, Output, Mobile payments, Total factor productivity. JEL. 011, 033, 041, 047, P24.","PeriodicalId":432468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics and Political Economy","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123071795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic risk sharing in the Central African Economic and monetary community 中非经济和货币共同体的动态风险分担

Journal of Economics and Political Economy Pub Date : 2020-07-08 DOI: 10.1453/JEPE.V7I2.2061

Laetitia P. Sokeng Dongfack, Hongbing Ouyang

引用次数: 0

Modelling the shadow economy of South Africa: Using the currency demand and MIMIC approach 南非影子经济建模:使用货币需求和MIMIC方法

Journal of Economics and Political Economy Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1453/JEPE.V7I1.2025

M. P. Makananisa, C. T. Koloane, F. Schneider

引用次数: 2

David Blanchflower, Not Working: Where Have All the Good Jobs Gone? 大卫·布兰奇弗劳尔:《不工作:好工作都去哪儿了?》

Journal of Economics and Political Economy Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1453/JEPE.V7I1.2035

S. Carson

引用次数: 1

Union oligopoly and entry in the presence of homogeneous labor 工会寡头垄断和同质劳工的进入

Journal of Economics and Political Economy Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1453/JEPE.V7I1.2027

A. Martins

{"title":"Union oligopoly and entry in the presence of homogeneous labor","authors":"A. Martins","doi":"10.1453/JEPE.V7I1.2027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1453/JEPE.V7I1.2027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The analysis discusses the labor market equilibrium under union oligopoly, where unions represent homogeneous workers and use employment strategies. The following points are addressed: 1. The labor market outcomes in the presence of; a. uncooperative behavior among unions; b. uncooperative environment with a leading union; c. collusive (coordinated unions) behavior among unions; d. globally efficient bargaining, are confronted. A specific example with a Stone-Geary utility function and linear demand is forwarded. 2. Supply dynamics may push up employment and, therefore, the number of unions. In equilibrium, some bounds exist to the number of unions the market can support, which are investigated in the example. Five supply dynamics are considered: a. reservation wage restriction; b. a standard labor supply constraint; c. number of unions equal demand; d. individualistic unions; e. existence of a minimum (employed) membership requirement. The equilibrium number of unions for the Cournot-Nash, Stackelberg and efficient bargaining structures is derived for the case where unions exhibit Stone-Geary preferences and labor demand is linear. Keywords. Unions, Wage determination models, Union bargaining, Corporatism, Imperfect competition and union behavior. Union oligopoly. JEL. J51, E24, D49, C79.","PeriodicalId":432468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics and Political Economy","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121702159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An expanded multiplier-accelerator model 扩展的乘数加速器模型

Journal of Economics and Political Economy Pub Date : 2020-01-10 DOI: 10.1453/JEPE.V6I4.1995

T. Todorova, Marin Kutrolli

{"title":"An expanded multiplier-accelerator model","authors":"T. Todorova, Marin Kutrolli","doi":"10.1453/JEPE.V6I4.1995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1453/JEPE.V6I4.1995","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This paper revisits the standard multiplier-accelerator model, as advanced by Samuelson. While borrowing on the main assumptions of the multiplier-accelerator, we check the validity of Keynesian theory. Using higher-order difference equations and advanced-level mathematical techniques we solve the tax-augmented multiplier-accelerator model, as well as the open economy one. We find that the values of equilibrium national income are identical to the simple national-income model in the absence of the accelerator. We solve the simple multiplier-accelerator model both in present terms and withprolonged consumption. We solve for equilibrium consumption, tax, and imports which are unaffected by the accelerator. All results conform to Keynesian theory where investment, government spending and exports have a favorable multiplying effect on national income through their respective multipliers. The accelerator coefficient affects neither those multipliers, nor the income and the non-income tax multipliers. Expanding the multiplier-accelerator by the volume of foreign trade, taxation or both does not change the values of Keynesian variables. Adding an accelerator leaves optimal values unaffected but, more importantly, reinforces Keynesian theory. Keywords. Multiplier, Accelerator, Open economy, Difference equations, Keynesian national-income model, Tax multiplier, Exports multiplier. JEL. E12, C02, E21, E22.","PeriodicalId":432468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics and Political Economy","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124508112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The dynamic interrelationship between interest rate and macroeconomic policy objectives: Case of the United Kingdom 利率与宏观经济政策目标之间的动态相互关系:以英国为例

Journal of Economics and Political Economy Pub Date : 2019-12-30 DOI: 10.1453/JEPE.V6I4.1983

Mostafa E. AboElsoud, Dimitrios Paparas, Azzouz Zouaoui, Mustafa Kasim

{"title":"The dynamic interrelationship between interest rate and macroeconomic policy objectives: Case of the United Kingdom","authors":"Mostafa E. AboElsoud, Dimitrios Paparas, Azzouz Zouaoui, Mustafa Kasim","doi":"10.1453/JEPE.V6I4.1983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1453/JEPE.V6I4.1983","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The objective of this study is to provide empirical evidence on the short- and long-run relationships between the short-term interest rate, London interbank offered rate (LIBOR) and macroeconomic policy objectives, such as price stability, economic growth, and stability of the exchange rate market. For this purpose, we deploy quarterly frequency data from the United Kingdom between 2000 and 2015 and adopt a multiple regression model. Furthermore, this study uses the Johansen, Stock-Watson cointegration test and the Granger Causality test in order to examine the dynamic short- and long-run relationships among LIBOR, the consumer price index as a proxy of price stability, the real gross domestic product as a proxy of economic growth, and the exchange rate as a proxy of exchange rate market stability. The results showed that all variables have the same order of integration and long-run equilibrium relationships exist between them. The results show evidence of long-run equilibrium relationship between the variables with strong evidence of unidirectional granger causality flow from GDP, CPI and exchange rates to LIBOR. The recommendations proposed in this study have important policy implications for the U.K. government. It is therefore recommended that policy makers and government authorities together with the Bank of England develop and pursue sensible fiscal and monetary policies that would aim at stabilizing both the micro- and macroeconomic indicators such as the inflation rate, interest rate, exchange rate, and money supply, to enhance the growth of the economy, especially for the period after the BREXIT decision. Keywords. Macroeconomics, Interest rate, Monetary policy, London interbank offered rate, United Kingdom. JEL. E43, E51, E58.","PeriodicalId":432468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics and Political Economy","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121357619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the correlation of the level of wage inequality with labor market institutions 考察工资不平等水平与劳动力市场制度的相关性

Journal of Economics and Political Economy Pub Date : 2019-12-30 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3609865

Virginia Tsoukatou

{"title":"Examining the correlation of the level of wage inequality with labor market institutions","authors":"Virginia Tsoukatou","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.3609865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3609865","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Technological change is responsible for major changes in the labor market. One of the offspring of technological change is the SBTC, which is for many economists the leading cause of the increasing wage inequality. However, despite that the technological change affected similarly the majority of the developed countries, nevertheless, the level of the increase of wage inequality wasn't similar. Following the predictions of the SBTC theory, the different levels of inequality could be due to varying degrees of skill inequality between economies, possibly caused by variations in the number of skilled workers available. However, recent research shows that the difference mentioned above can explain a small percentage of the difference between countries. Therefore, most of the resulting inequality could be due to the different ways in which the higher level of skills is valued in each labor market. The position advocated in this article is that technological change is largely given for all countries without much scope to reverse. Therefore, in order to illustrate the changes in the structure of wage distribution that cause wage inequality, we need to understand how technology affects labor market institutions.In this sense, the pay inequality caused by technological progress is not a phenomenon we passively accept. On the contrary, recognizing that the structure and the way labor market institutions function is largely influenced by the way institutions respond to technological change, we can understand and maybe reverse this underlying wage inequality. Consequently, we would like to examine to what extent the reason behind the increase of wage inequality in some countries but not in others is attributed to the structure and the way the institutions of labor market work. In this article, we will attempt to examine this hypothesis by empirically elaboratingon the relationship between SBTC, inequality and labor market institutions. Keywords. Wage inequality, SBTC, Minimum wage, Trade unions, Collective bargaining. JEL. O10, J10, E50.","PeriodicalId":432468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics and Political Economy","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126085997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0