NTM最新文献

{"title":"\"We Witches.\" Knowledge Wars, Experience and Spirituality in the Women's Movement During the 1970s.","authors":"Anne Kwaschik","doi":"10.1007/s00048-023-00359-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-023-00359-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the 1970s, feminist activists reappropriated the figure of the witch in various ways as a symbol of alterity, political radicalism, feminist revolt or victimhood, or the presentation of subversive (healing or bodily) knowledge. The article investigates these witch constructions with a focus on its experiential foundations drawing on appropriations in Western Germany within a larger transatlantic history. First, it provides a brief overview of witch discourses in the 1970s, highlighting radical feminist, health-political and artistic milieus, based on representative Western European journals and movement literature. The article emphasizes the variety of witch images and its epistemic foci, showing that however different these approaches may appear, they all created women's alterity. Second, the article examines alternative practices of knowledge production, focusing on health guides and advice literature, as well as on approaches to experience in consciousness-raising groups. This section demonstrates how witch discourses both enabled the movement's knowledge empowerment, but were also part of complex boundary work within the milieus, such as in the debates about the relationship between experiential knowledge and theory. The last section shows how closely and in what ways spiritualist approaches were linked to this boundary work. The article argues that feminist milieus constituted themselves within the framework of feminist epistemologies against and within established knowledge cultures, thereby drawing further boundaries within the movement. In analyzing the \"evidence of experience\" (Scott) produced by witch discourses its overarching aim is to demonstrate that their historical relevance initially laid in its standpoint-creating character.</p>","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":"31 2","pages":"171-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10271903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9651540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Christoph Sander 2020: Magnes: Der Magnetstein und der Magnetismus in den Wissenschaften der Frühen Neuzeit (Mittellateinische Studien und Texte, Bd. 53). : Leiden/Boston: Brill, geb., 1140 S., 248 Abb., 254,00 €, ISBN: 978-90-04-41926-1.","authors":"Gerhard Wiesenfeldt","doi":"10.1007/s00048-021-00310-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00048-021-00310-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":"31 2","pages":"201-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00048-021-00310-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9649812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commenting on Aristotle with a Knife : The Heretical Anatomies of Bassanio Landi.","authors":"Fabrizio Bigotti","doi":"10.1007/s00048-022-00354-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00048-022-00354-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drawing on a variety of sources, including manuscript notes and a wide variety of published material, this article offers the first analysis in English of Bassanio Landi's works in their medical and philosophical context. I argue that while Landi's output is characteristic of its sixteenth-century Paduan milieu, his approach to methodological questions in anatomy and the arts, as well as his paraphrase of Aristotle's De anima, make it possible to locate him within the heretical tradition that stretches from Pietro Pomponazzi (1462-1525) to Paolo Sarpi (1552-1623).</p>","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9981531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9091391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Heinrich Wieleitner (1874-1931) and The Birth of Modern Mathematics-Science Communication and the Historiography of Mathematics in the Weimar Culture].","authors":"Maria M Remenyi","doi":"10.1007/s00048-022-00356-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00048-022-00356-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>By taking the work and life of the historian of mathematics Heinrich Wieleitner as an example, this study aims to highlight the many interrelations between the historiography of mathematics, mathematics education, and science communication in mathematics.By integrating aspects of the history of media, this case study also explores mathematical public relations work in the 20th century and draws attention to the important persons, institutions and contents. The focus is on the Weimar period, in which the self-understanding of mathematics was challenged in different ways by far-reaching cultural debates. The article demonstrates that as a consequence of a changing media landscape, Weimar culture turned out to be a suitable environment for the successful self-presentation of mathematics.</p>","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":"31 1","pages":"51-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9981486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9098632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sammelbesprechung.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00048-021-00301-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00048-021-00301-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":"31 1","pages":"97-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00048-021-00301-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9100120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rezension/Review.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00048-021-00292-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00048-021-00292-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":"31 1","pages":"107-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00048-021-00292-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9093052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Concept for Surgery in European Hospitals? Records of Practice in Germany, Italy, and Spain During the Sixteenth and Early Seventeenth Centuries.","authors":"Annemarie Kinzelbach,&nbsp;Florian Wieser","doi":"10.1007/s00048-022-00355-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00048-022-00355-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent discovery of a manuscript has allowed historians to understand the medical routine in a hospital known as the Schneidhaus in Augsburg between the sixteenth and nineteenth century. The context of the manuscript shows that at this institution, non-academic specialists, generally members of the guild of barber-surgeons and barbers, routinely performed surgical cures of intestinal hernia, scrotal swellings, and vesical calculus. The Schneidhaus exclusively admitted patients applying for such specialised treatments and offered no other services. Such a degree of specialisation within medical establishments seems to have only existed in the Holy Roman Empire at this institution founded by the Fugger family in Augsburg. We propose that the Schneidhaus was either itself a model hospital or adopted a model from another site in Europe. In this paper, we investigate the connections of the Schneidhaus to the practice of surgeons in both Italy and Spain. In Italy, a momentous new technique for identifying and removing vesical calculi was first published in 1522. Although surgical treatment was established in Italian hospitals, they tended not to specialise in such surgical treatment exclusively. Moreover, at the time of the hospital's foundation, the Fugger shifted their economic and social focus from Venice to the Iberian Peninsula. In Spain, research in the history of medicine is complicated by outdated notions about specialised surgery, not unlike those that were recently still current regarding the Holy Roman Empire. We attempt to disprove these notions and use the exemplary textbook of one academic physician, Francisco Díaz, to approach specialized surgical practice in sixteenth-century Spain. In his work, Díaz describes the new Italian surgical method in detail and recognizes the importance of craftsman surgeons to both its development and application. However, he also argues for an expanded role for academic physicians as supervisors of craftsman surgeons' work. All this is suggestive of a greater network of surgical professionals within which both the methods of the craft and its organisational structures were transported. As such, the Schneidhaus can be seen as a node that embodied the institutionalization of surgical practice as a European phenomenon. Further research is necessary, and we propose how this might be carried out to reveal these historical phenomena in their full complexity.</p>","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":"31 1","pages":"27-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9098620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coreen McGuire 2020: Measuring difference, numbering normal. Setting the standards for disability in the interwar period und Jaipreet Virdi 2020: Hearing Happiness. Deafness Cures in History.","authors":"Robert Stock","doi":"10.1007/s00048-021-00321-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00048-021-00321-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":"31 1","pages":"101-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9981492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9461800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Die materielle Kultur der Alchemie oder Wie sich wissenschaftsgeschichtliche Replikationen und buchwissenschaftliche Analysen ergänzen.","authors":"Ute Frietsch","doi":"10.1007/s00048-022-00337-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00048-022-00337-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":"31 1","pages":"83-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9981515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9094010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ronald D. Laing's \"Radical Trip\". Reflection on the Relationship Between Psychiatry, Anti-Psychiatry, and Science in the 1960s].","authors":"Marina Lienhard","doi":"10.1007/s00048-022-00347-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00048-022-00347-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inspired by American research on the role of the family environment in the development of schizophrenia, the Scottish psychiatrist Ronald D. Laing, now known as the figurehead of British antipsychiatry, began his own research project with his colleague Aaron Esterson in the late 1950s. In the process, he became convinced that those diagnosed as \"schizophrenic\" were far more rational than bourgeois families alienated from themselves. Driven by this perspective, Laing pushed harder into the public arena and began to become politically active. This article analyzes Laing's development into an anti-psychiatrist and star of the counterculture in the course of the 1960s and asks about the reasons and conditions of possibility for this transformation from scientist to \"scientific political activist\".</p>","PeriodicalId":43143,"journal":{"name":"NTM","volume":"30 4","pages":"445-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9700571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33518981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}