2021 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)最新文献

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Remote Power Attacks on the Versatile Tensor Accelerator in Multi-Tenant FPGAs 多租户fpga中多功能张量加速器的远程电源攻击
Shanquan Tian, Shayan Moini, Adam Wolnikowski, Daniel E. Holcomb, R. Tessier, Jakub Szefer
{"title":"Remote Power Attacks on the Versatile Tensor Accelerator in Multi-Tenant FPGAs","authors":"Shanquan Tian, Shayan Moini, Adam Wolnikowski, Daniel E. Holcomb, R. Tessier, Jakub Szefer","doi":"10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00037","url":null,"abstract":"Architectural details of machine learning models are crucial pieces of intellectual property in many applications. Revealing the structure or types of layers in a model can result in a leak of confidential or proprietary information. This issue becomes especially concerning when the machine learning models are executed on accelerators in multi-tenant FPGAs where attackers can easily co-locate sensing circuitry next to the victim’s machine learning accelerator. To evaluate such threats, we present the first remote power attack that can extract details of machine learning models executed on an off-the-shelf domain-specific instruction set architecture (ISA) based neural network accelerator implemented in an FPGA. By leveraging a time-to-digital converter (TDC), an attacker can deduce the composition of instruction groups executing on the victim accelerator, and recover parameters of General Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) instructions within a group, all without requiring physical access to the FPGA. With this information, an attacker can then reverse-engineer the structure and layers of machine learning models executing on the accelerator, leading to potential theft of proprietary information.","PeriodicalId":430997,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127478788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
TOCO: A Systolic Network for Efficient Transposed Convolutions with Output-Reuse Paths 具有输出复用路径的高效转置卷积的收缩网络
Zhengzheng Ma, Guojie Luo
{"title":"TOCO: A Systolic Network for Efficient Transposed Convolutions with Output-Reuse Paths","authors":"Zhengzheng Ma, Guojie Luo","doi":"10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00060","url":null,"abstract":"Transposed convolution is a learnable up-sampling operator widely-used in deep neural networks. It up-samples the input activations to generate useful information in applications like style transfer and super resolution. There exists a rising demand for accelerating transposed convolution layers since they occupy a large portion of computation in GAN-like networks.","PeriodicalId":430997,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126714130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reconfigurable Synthesizable Synchronization FIFOs 可重构的可合成同步fifo
Ameer Abdelhadi, He Li
{"title":"Reconfigurable Synthesizable Synchronization FIFOs","authors":"Ameer Abdelhadi, He Li","doi":"10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00057","url":null,"abstract":"We present a reconfigurable high-throughput synthesizable synchronization FIFO for crossing between asynchronous and synchronous timing domains. This FIFO is composed of reconfigurable mix-and-match components. The FIFO is fully synthesizable using standard-cell libraries and a standard design flow. A post-layout design throughput exceeds 1.2 G-transfer/sec when implemented in a 65nm CMOS process.","PeriodicalId":430997,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128394366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trusted Configuration in Cloud FPGAs 云fpga中的可信配置
Shaza Zeitouni, Jo Vliegen, Tommaso Frassetto, Dirk Koch, A. Sadeghi, N. Mentens
{"title":"Trusted Configuration in Cloud FPGAs","authors":"Shaza Zeitouni, Jo Vliegen, Tommaso Frassetto, Dirk Koch, A. Sadeghi, N. Mentens","doi":"10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00036","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we tackle the open paradoxical challenge of FPGA-accelerated cloud computing: On one hand, clients aim to secure their Intellectual Property (IP) by encrypting their configuration bitstreams prior to uploading them to the cloud. On the other hand, cloud service providers disallow the use of encrypted bitstreams to mitigate rogue configurations from damaging or disabling the FPGA. Instead, cloud providers require a verifiable check on the hardware design that is intended to run on a cloud FPGA at the netlist-level before generating the bitstream and loading it onto the FPGA, therefore, contradicting the IP protection requirement of clients. Currently, there exist no practical solution that can adequately address this challenge.We present the first practical solution that, under reasonable trust assumptions, satisfies the IP protection requirement of the client and provides a bitstream sanity check to the cloud provider. Our proof-of-concept implementation uses existing tools and commodity hardware. It is based on a trusted FPGA shell that utilizes less than 1% of the FPGA resources on a Xilinx VCU118 evaluation board, and an Intel SGX machine running the design checks on the client bitstream.","PeriodicalId":430997,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130271780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Extending HLS with High-Level Descriptive Language for Configurable Algorithm-Level Spatial Structure Design 用高级描述语言扩展HLS用于可配置算法级空间结构设计
Chengyue Wang, Sitao Huang, Wen-mei W. Hwu, Deming Chen
{"title":"Extending HLS with High-Level Descriptive Language for Configurable Algorithm-Level Spatial Structure Design","authors":"Chengyue Wang, Sitao Huang, Wen-mei W. Hwu, Deming Chen","doi":"10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00048","url":null,"abstract":"High-level synthesis (HLS) tools have greatly improved the development efficiency of FPGA accelerators in many application areas. With the HLS tools, FPGA designers can focus more on algorithm specifications using software languages such as C/C++, OpenCL, and Python. However, due to the fact that CPU-oriented software languages are designed to describe sequential execution, the repurposing of these languages yields insufficient support for describing parallel data execution and flexible spatial structures on FPGA architecture. To strengthen HLS’s ability to describe configurable algorithmlevel spatial structures, we propose fusing hardware-friendly design patterns, namely high-level descriptive language, into imperative programming model on Python.","PeriodicalId":430997,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117328287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HEDAcc: FPGA-based Accelerator for High-order Epistasis Detection HEDAcc:基于fpga的高阶上位检测加速器
Gaspar Ribeiro, Nuno Neves, Sergio Santander-Jiménez, A. Ilic
{"title":"HEDAcc: FPGA-based Accelerator for High-order Epistasis Detection","authors":"Gaspar Ribeiro, Nuno Neves, Sergio Santander-Jiménez, A. Ilic","doi":"10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00022","url":null,"abstract":"The manifestation of important genetic diseases is often a consequence of the interactions between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), also known as epistasis. Detecting epistasis for high-order interactions results in a huge computational complexity, as the number of SNP combinations to be evaluated exponentially grows with the interaction order. To address this challenge, state-of-the-art exhaustive search-based methods for epistasis detection rely on GPUs and FPGAs to provide high-performance solutions tailored for a specific order (second and rarely third-order interactions) and/or specific data-set sizes. In this paper, a novel parameterizable architecture is proposed that enables the deployment of FPGA-based accelerators targeting any order of interactions and any data-set size. By relying on a set of algorithmic and architecture optimizations, the proposed accelerator showed to outperform current FPGA accelerators for second and third-order interactions by as much as 4.6× and 9.5×, respectively. The proposed solution also showed comparable performance to current GPGPU third-order implementations, while consuming up to 8.2× less energy. Finally, the proposed architecture allowed for the implementation of a fourth-order epistasis detection accelerator in an FPGA platform.","PeriodicalId":430997,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)","volume":"12 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129959714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
ESCA: Event-Based Split-CNN Architecture with Data-Level Parallelism on UltraScale+ FPGA ESCA:在UltraScale+ FPGA上具有数据级并行性的基于事件的Split-CNN架构
Pankaj Bhowmik, Jubaer Hossain Pantho, Joel Mandebi Mbongue, C. Bobda
{"title":"ESCA: Event-Based Split-CNN Architecture with Data-Level Parallelism on UltraScale+ FPGA","authors":"Pankaj Bhowmik, Jubaer Hossain Pantho, Joel Mandebi Mbongue, C. Bobda","doi":"10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00028","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an event-based split-CNN architecture (ESCA) for running time-critical vision applications with comparatively less memory footprint while consuming low power. ESCA has a dedicated hardware architecture and scheduling of on-chip memory buffering using a split-CNN that reduces memory requirements by splitting the feature maps into small patches and independently executes them. The model emulates the concepts of the biological vision system to obtain possible events from each patch. We save energy and time by processing only the patches with possible events. The data-level parallelism is employed with a deep pipeline strategy that accelerates the system. We implement the design in the Virtex UltraScale+ FPGA at 320 MHz. Simulation results show that the architecture obtains significant speedup while power-saving depends on each image patch’s features.","PeriodicalId":430997,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)","volume":"339 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132486299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Accelerating Large-Scale Nearest Neighbor Search with Computational Storage Device 利用计算存储设备加速大规模最近邻搜索
Ji-Hoon Kim, Y. Park, Jaeyoung Do, S. Ji, Joo-Young Kim
{"title":"Accelerating Large-Scale Nearest Neighbor Search with Computational Storage Device","authors":"Ji-Hoon Kim, Y. Park, Jaeyoung Do, S. Ji, Joo-Young Kim","doi":"10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00041","url":null,"abstract":"K-nearest neighbor algorithm that searches the K closest samples in a high dimensional feature space is one of the most fundamental tasks in machine learning and image retrieval applications. Computational storage device that combines computing unit and storage module on a single board becomes popular to address the data bandwidth bottleneck of the conventional computing system. In this paper, we propose a nearest neighbor search acceleration platform based on computational storage device, which can process a large-scale image dataset efficiently in terms of speed, energy, and cost. We believe that the proposed acceleration platform is promising to be deployed in cloud datacenters for data-intensive applications.","PeriodicalId":430997,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122744354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
HLS-Compatible, Embedded-Processor Stream Links hls兼容,嵌入式处理器流链接
Eric Micallef, Yuanlong Xiao, A. DeHon
{"title":"HLS-Compatible, Embedded-Processor Stream Links","authors":"Eric Micallef, Yuanlong Xiao, A. DeHon","doi":"10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00033","url":null,"abstract":"Fine-grained dataflow streaming between parallel compute operators provides both a simple form of concurrency and high performance operation. These streams are regularly used to support concurrency within HLS computations on the FPGA. We provide a compatible stream API and implementation that allows FPGA operators to interoperate with operators implemented on the embedded, hardcore processors on SoC FPGAs. With our stream interface, individual operators can be written in C and compiled to either the embedded core or the FPGA from a single source file, and neither FPGA-mapped nor processor-mapped operators need to know whether the other side of the stream is implemented on an embedded core or on the FPGA. This capability also eases processor integration for debugging and development. Our streams support over 100MB/s per core between the ARM A53 cores on the Zynq UltraScale+ and the FPGA fabric even when all four A53 cores concurrently share a single AXI channel.","PeriodicalId":430997,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133672467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DMA Medusa: A Vendor-Independent FPGA-Based Architecture for 400 Gbps DMA Transfers DMA美杜莎:400 Gbps DMA传输的基于fpga的独立厂商架构
J. Kubálek, Jakub Cabal, Martin Spinler, R. Iša
{"title":"DMA Medusa: A Vendor-Independent FPGA-Based Architecture for 400 Gbps DMA Transfers","authors":"J. Kubálek, Jakub Cabal, Martin Spinler, R. Iša","doi":"10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM51124.2021.00045","url":null,"abstract":"FPGA accelerator cards are used for packet capture and monitoring in high-speed networks. With the 400G Ethernet technology, there is a need for an ability to transfer data to and from the host memory at the speed of 400Gbps. Currently available architectures (for example [1],[2],[3]) are limited to throughput up to 100Gbps and are therefore not suitable for this use case.This paper presents a vendor-independent DMA architecture that is capable of scaling up to 400Gbps throughput in a single FPGA using two PCIe Gen4 x16 slots bifurcated into four x8 interfaces. This architecture is designed to support hundreds of independent DMA channels and supports one or more PCIe endpoints with different configurations. We also demonstrate the performance of the proposed DMA architecture using results measured on an accelerator card with Intel Stratix 10 DX FPGA.","PeriodicalId":430997,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128129573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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