{"title":"Isokinetic Torque in Boys and Girls Ages 7 to 13: Effect of Age, Height, and Weight","authors":"T. Gilliam, J. Villanacci, P. Freedson, S. Sady","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615655","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate torque differences between 28 boys and 28 girls, ages 7 to 13 years, for the knee and elbow flexor and extensors at 30°/second and 120°/second using an isokinetic procedure (Cybex II). In addition, the relationships of these torque levels to size and age were determined. The results revealed significant (p < .05) sex differences for the knee flexor and extensor torque values at 120°/second independent of body weight. That is, the boys generated 29.2 and 39.5 foot pounds vs. the girl's 26.2 and 35.4 foot pounds for knee flexion and extension, respectively. Similarly, torque differences (p < .05) between boys and girls were present for elbow extension at 120°/second when adjusting for differences in height. When examining the flexion/extension ratios, it is apparent that increases in body size (height, weight) and age had a significant effect on the ratio at 120°/second but not at 30°/second.","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116648998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Construct and Concurrent Validity of a 12-Minute Crawl Stroke Swim as a Field Test of Swimming Endurance","authors":"A. Jackson, A. Jackson, R. Frankiewicz","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615659","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated the construct and concurrent validity of a 12-minute crawl stroke swim as a field test of swimming endurance. A sample of 42 male college students who ranged from certified life savers to competitive swimmers were administered three tests. The first, a multistage swimming endurance test, required that a tethered subject swim to exhaustion under a linear progressive increase in workload. The second measure was the crawl stroke count for two lengths of a 25-yard pool. The third test was a 12-minute crawl stroke swim for distance with total distance and distance covered each minute recorded for each subject. Alpha factor analysis of the 12 minute intervals of the crawl stroke swim produced one factor which demonstrated that swimming performance was internally consistent during the 12-minute swim. There was a correlation of .898 (p < .01) between the 12-minute swim and the tethered swim test. Cross validity procedures demonstrated a high degree of stability for the correlation...","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128769083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Age and Sex Differences among Adolescent Participants in Nine Outdoor Recreation Activities","authors":"J. Crompton, C. Lamb","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615654","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Responses of 2,760 junior and senior high school students regarding their participation in nine outdoor recreation activities were used to assess the relationships between age, sex, and adolescent outdoor recreation patterns. Analysis of variance revealed that the age variable was statistically significant for eight of the nine activities at the .01 level. The sex variable was significant at the .01 level for five of the nine activities. The findings support previous researchers' conclusions that many traditionally male activities are no longer dominated by males. Differences in outdoor recreation participation among different age groups, within the adolescent life-cycle stage, suggest that it may be inappropriate for recreation opportunity providers to view adolescence as a homogeneous life-cycle stage.","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123300988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comments on Isokinetics","authors":"A. W. Hubbard","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615643","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133309821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response to “A Racquetball Skills Test”","authors":"D. Collins, Patrick B. Hodges","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615640","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123686515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reply to Collins and Hodges","authors":"L. Hensley, W. East, J. Stillwell","doi":"10.1080/00345377.1979.10615641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00345377.1979.10615641","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116748655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reply to Putnam Note","authors":"Jerome R. Noss","doi":"10.1080/10671315.1979.10615592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671315.1979.10615592","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132363215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response to Noss Reply","authors":"C. Putnam","doi":"10.1080/10671315.1979.10615593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671315.1979.10615593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132523336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Nomogram to Assist in Planning Surveys of Small (N < 2,000) Populations","authors":"H. A. King","doi":"10.1080/10671315.1978.10615570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671315.1978.10615570","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430949,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"86 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126292913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}