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Categorization of the EU Member States in the Context of Selected Multicriteria International Indices Using Cluster Analysis 使用聚类分析对选定的多标准国际指数中欧盟成员国的分类
IF 0.7
Review of Economic Perspectives Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2020-0018
Erika Onuferová, Veronika Čabinová, Mária Matijová
{"title":"Categorization of the EU Member States in the Context of Selected Multicriteria International Indices Using Cluster Analysis","authors":"Erika Onuferová, Veronika Čabinová, Mária Matijová","doi":"10.2478/revecp-2020-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The main aim of the paper was to analyse the economic and social development of the European Union (EU) member states (28 countries) on the basis of selected five multicriteria indices (the Global Competitiveness Index, the Economic Freedom Index, the Global Innovation Index, the Corruption Perceptions Index, the Human Development Index). To perform settled aim, a multidimensional classification of EU countries for years 2011 and 2018 using cluster analysis was realized. The purpose of the analysis was to categorize the individual EU countries into clusters and to find out to what extent the position of EU member states has changed in terms of selected international indices over the analysed period. Based on the findings, it is arguable that a major part of the EU member states cluster into the same groups based on the selected indices assessment, regardless of the time period. However, six countries (Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, and United Kingdom) improved their position during the period under review and ranked into the cluster of more prosperous countries in 2018. The rate of change (improvement) was quantified at the level of 21.43%. Based on the results, Latvia and Lithuania were the most similar countries in terms of economic prosperity (Euclidean distance reached the level of 3.08), while the least similar countries were Greece and Sweden (Euclidean distance reached the level of 70.8). Declining Euclidean distances indicate that economic disparities of the individual EU countries have decreased in the period under review. This paper aims at developing the research to find out how, besides hierarchy, we can analyse the EU member states from the perspective of various multicriteria indices. The four proposed clusters could be used as a starting point for future policy reforms, pointing to the weaknesses of various countries.","PeriodicalId":43002,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economic Perspectives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46893906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Evaluation of eHealth Deployment at Primary Care in the EU Member States by Usage of Selected MCDM Methods 使用选定的MCDM方法评估欧盟成员国初级保健电子健康部署
IF 0.7
Review of Economic Perspectives Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2020-0016
E. Ardielli
{"title":"Evaluation of eHealth Deployment at Primary Care in the EU Member States by Usage of Selected MCDM Methods","authors":"E. Ardielli","doi":"10.2478/revecp-2020-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Information and Communication Technologies have become a revolutionary part of European healthcare in recent years. The European Commission considers eHealth as an important and appropriate tool that can contribute to cope with the challenges that are currently affecting the healthcare systems in Europe. The development of eHealth is therefore embedded in many EU strategies and is being evaluated on an ongoing basis. In the past, several studies have been carried out focusing on the evaluation of individual areas of eHealth - especially on the area of primary care secured by General Practitioners and Acute Hospitals. However, no synthesis of these works was made. This paper is focused on the proposing of an assessment for both mentioned areas of eHealth. The aim is to evaluate the eHealth deployment in the European Union Member States by the synthesis of Composite Indicators in existing studies into the evaluation model based on the application of Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making techniques. The evaluation is performed by the usage of TOPSIS, WSA, and MAPPAC method. The result of the research is the design of an evaluation framework for eHealth that enables the comparison of eHealth indicators in the international context and evaluation of eHealth deployment in European Union Member States in the form of a ranking. In this ranking, the Nordic countries are among the best-rated countries, while the worst-rated countries are in Eastern Europe.","PeriodicalId":43002,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economic Perspectives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43922478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Identifying major policy challenges and policy interventions via expert methods 通过专家方法确定主要政策挑战和政策干预措施
IF 0.7
Review of Economic Perspectives Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2020-0017
D. Dokupilová, V. Baláž, Vladimíra Čavojová Kurincová, E. Mikušková, D. Gombitová
{"title":"Identifying major policy challenges and policy interventions via expert methods","authors":"D. Dokupilová, V. Baláž, Vladimíra Čavojová Kurincová, E. Mikušková, D. Gombitová","doi":"10.2478/revecp-2020-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0017","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper presents the application of expert decision methods for the formulation and prioritization of the long-term economic, social and environmental policies in the Slovak Republic. The Partnership Agreement for the Slovak Republic (PA) is an underlying strategy for investments from the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) in the period 2021-2027. Policies implemented under the PA will allocate €13.4b on four policy objectives. This paper concentrates on the policy objective 4 ‘Social development’. The authors co-operated with the Deputy Prime Minister Office and assembled panels of top Slovak experts on social and economic issues. The Delphi and Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methods were combined for analyzing major development challenges and eliciting policy priorities. The methods combined the bottom-up and top-down approaches to policy making. Nine potential policy measures in three policy areas emerged from the Delphi exercise. The AHP exercise applied three criteria (relevance, urgency and feasibility) to rank the abovementioned measures within three policy areas. As for the Policy Area 1 (Labour market, employment, training and institutions) the measure 4.1.1 ‘Improving access to employment and modernizing institutions and services on labour market’ clearly dominated over the measure 4.1.2 ‘Supporting a better work-life balance’. The measure 4.2.2 ‘Equal access to quality and inclusive education’ emerged substantially more important than measures 4.2.1 ‘Improving the quality and effectiveness of education and training systems’ and 4.2.3 ‘Support to life-long learning’ in the Policy Area 2 ‘Education and skills’. Finally, measures 4.3.2 ‘Supporting social and economic integration of marginalized Roma communities’ and 4.3.3 ‘Ensuring equal access to healthcare including primary care’ received the highest ranks in the Policy Area 3 ‘Health and social services’.","PeriodicalId":43002,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economic Perspectives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44848904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Newly Discovered Gold Does Not Distort the Economy; It Is Not A Market Failure 新发现的黄金不会扭曲经济;这不是市场失灵
IF 0.7
Review of Economic Perspectives Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2020-0014
W. Block, W. Barnett
{"title":"Newly Discovered Gold Does Not Distort the Economy; It Is Not A Market Failure","authors":"W. Block, W. Barnett","doi":"10.2478/revecp-2020-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We wish to “quibble” with Murphy (2019). We mean this literally. That is, we are in strong and enthusiastic agreement with virtually everything he writes therein, except for one point: we think him guilty of allowing the cloven hoof of market failure into the Austrian tent. Our purpose in the present essay is to banish market failure from praxeological premises. To wit, he maintains that pure market processes such as a gold discovery can “distort” prices and interest rates, and we argue to the contrary.","PeriodicalId":43002,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economic Perspectives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44206301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Financial Literacy, Behaviour and Well-Being of Millennials in Poland Compared to Previous Generations: The Insights from Three Large-Scale Surveys 波兰千禧一代与前几代相比的金融素养、行为和幸福感:三项大规模调查的启示
IF 0.7
Review of Economic Perspectives Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2020-0015
A. Cwynar
{"title":"Financial Literacy, Behaviour and Well-Being of Millennials in Poland Compared to Previous Generations: The Insights from Three Large-Scale Surveys","authors":"A. Cwynar","doi":"10.2478/revecp-2020-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 There are many concerns about financial competences of Millennials. Initial research on this generation suggests that it is less financially knowledgeable and exhibits less healthy financial behaviours compared to other generations. The goal of the article is to compare Millennials to non-Millennials as a whole, as well as to other generations treated in isolation, to check whether Millennials diverge in terms of financial literacy, behaviour and well-being. To that end, this study uses three distinct datasets from three surveys conducted in 2017 and 2018 on different samples of Poles. The applied statistic tests of significant differences do not confirm that Millennials diverge from other generations with respect to financial literacy as well as behaviours related to cash management, saving and investment. However, the surveyed Millennials perform significantly less healthy credit management and insurance behaviours compared to non-Millennials. We also found that Millennials report significantly higher levels of financial well-being compared to all previous generations.","PeriodicalId":43002,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economic Perspectives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47672313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Public Spending Efficiency in the OECD: Benchmarking Health Care, Education, and General Administration 经合组织的公共支出效率:医疗、教育和总务管理的基准
IF 0.7
Review of Economic Perspectives Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2020-0013
Richard Dutu, P. Sicari
{"title":"Public Spending Efficiency in the OECD: Benchmarking Health Care, Education, and General Administration","authors":"Richard Dutu, P. Sicari","doi":"10.2478/revecp-2020-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In many OECD countries, changes in demography and health conditions are putting pressure on public finance. To prevent further expansion of government spending as a percentage of GDP, public spending efficiency will need to be raised. This paper uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) to assess the efficiency of welfare spending (normalized by the working-age population) in a sample of OECD countries around 2012, focussing on health care, secondary education, and general public services. The DEA model has a two input-one output structure, with at least one of the variables representing a composite indicator controlling for country-specific factors (socio-economic environment and lifestyle factors, for example). We find wide dispersion in efficiency measures across OECD countries and provide possible quantified improvements for both output and input efficiency.","PeriodicalId":43002,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economic Perspectives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46838152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 32
Italian bank crisis: flexible application of BRRD rules, or a bailout in disguise? 意大利银行危机:BRRD规则的灵活应用,还是变相的救助?
IF 0.7
Review of Economic Perspectives Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2020-0006
Jan Famfollet, Eliška Sankotová
{"title":"Italian bank crisis: flexible application of BRRD rules, or a bailout in disguise?","authors":"Jan Famfollet, Eliška Sankotová","doi":"10.2478/revecp-2020-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The economic and financial crisis of the year 2008 highlighted the need for banking sector regulation via the creation of the banking union. The Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (BRRD) represents an important milestone in the formation of the banking union. It is supposed inter alia to replace the existing practice of bailing out failing banks by the opposite principle of bail-in, which makes the bank recapitalized from the internal resources at the detriment of investors and creditors. However, the Italian solution of handling its failing banks took advantage of existing loopholes in the new regulatory system. Eventually, it went against the spirit of the new rules by deploying taxpayers’ money to deal with the banks’ failure. This article evaluates the Italian approach and contemplates the adequacy of the new rules-based system by comparing its potentially beneficial room for flexibility with alleged malfunction and unreliability. Finally, it discusses the potential impact of the Italian approach on the further process of completing the banking union, in particular the establishment of its last pillar, the common deposit guarantee scheme.","PeriodicalId":43002,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economic Perspectives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47494001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of selected determinants on the financial structure of the mining companies in the selected countries 选定的决定因素对选定国家矿业公司财务结构的影响
IF 0.7
Review of Economic Perspectives Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2020-0009
Nicole Škuláňová
{"title":"Impact of selected determinants on the financial structure of the mining companies in the selected countries","authors":"Nicole Škuláňová","doi":"10.2478/revecp-2020-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Investigating the effects on the capital structure has been a widely debated topic for over a century. There are countless studies on this subject today. However, there is still a need to test more samples of companies, as the confirmation or rebuttal of assumptions depends on the industry, country, and size of the selected company. This research deals with the impact of five selected determinants – profitability, asset structure, non-debt tax shield, GDP growth rate, inflation, on the total, long-term and short-term debt of mining companies from eleven selected economies – eight countries from Central and Eastern Europe and three industry leaders from non-European countries. The analysis of data obtained from Orbis and the World Bank database covers the period 2009–2017. Correlation analysis and GMM methods are used to detect the dependencies of variables. Many countries show some links to selected types of debt. Some of these links are in line with the input assumptions, some unfortunately not.","PeriodicalId":43002,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economic Perspectives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46886446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Tony Lawson’s The Nature of Social Reality: Issues in Social Ontology: A Review 托尼·劳森的《社会现实的本质:社会本体论中的问题》述评
IF 0.7
Review of Economic Perspectives Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2020-0012
Josef Mensík
{"title":"Tony Lawson’s The Nature of Social Reality: Issues in Social Ontology: A Review","authors":"Josef Mensík","doi":"10.2478/revecp-2020-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0012","url":null,"abstract":"© 2020 by the authors; licensee Review of Economic Perspectives / Národohospodářský obzor, Masaryk University, Faculty of Economics and Administration, Brno, Czech Republic. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, Attribution – Non Commercial – No Derivatives. Tony Lawson's The Nature of Social Reality: Issues in Social Ontology: A Review Josef Menšík","PeriodicalId":43002,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economic Perspectives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44506620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Present and Future of Commuting - report from the Telč Seminar 2019 通勤的现在和未来——2019年电信研讨会报告
IF 0.7
Review of Economic Perspectives Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2020-0011
Martin Kvizda
{"title":"The Present and Future of Commuting - report from the Telč Seminar 2019","authors":"Martin Kvizda","doi":"10.2478/revecp-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"© 2020 by the authors; licensee Review of Economic Perspectives / Národohospodářský obzor, Masaryk University, Faculty of Economics and Administration, Brno, Czech Republic. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, Attribution – Non Commercial – No Derivatives. The Present and Future of Commuting report from the Telč Seminar 2019","PeriodicalId":43002,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economic Perspectives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45359562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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