Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information最新文献

To the question of improving the wear resistance of high manganese steel castings 关于提高高锰钢铸件耐磨性的问题

Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.32339/0135-5910-2023-11-893-900

A. V. Kalyaskin, I. V. Bakin, B. A. Kulakov, A. A. Antip’ev

{"title":"To the question of improving the wear resistance of high manganese steel castings","authors":"A. V. Kalyaskin, I. V. Bakin, B. A. Kulakov, A. A. Antip’ev","doi":"10.32339/0135-5910-2023-11-893-900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2023-11-893-900","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, one of the most significant tasks in production of equipment for mining industry is import substitution. In this regard, investigations aimed at improving the technologies of manufacturing high quality castings from wear resistance manganese austenitic steels seems to be relevant. The results of metallographic research of high manganese steel samples from foundries producing crushing plates and crushing cones, track links, hammers, shovel teeth, tooth caps etc. are given. Analysis of the microstructure of the presented castings showed that they are characterized by a coarse-grained structure with an austenite grain size of 1–2 points. In most cases, a thickened grain boundary, presence of manganese carbides along the grain boundaries and non-metallic inclusions are observed. The revealed mi-crostructure features of castings are one of the main indicators of low wear resistance of high manganese steel parts. The operational and technological factors affecting the wear resistance of castings are listed. Recommendations for improving the quality of steel products made from manganese steels are proposed, and the results of using original complex modifiers developed at NPP Technology Company in real manufacturing conditions are presented.","PeriodicalId":429631,"journal":{"name":"Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information","volume":"45 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139171475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expanding the technological capabilities of the twin roll casting machine. 扩大双辊铸造机的技术能力。

Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.32339/0135-5910-2023-11-921-933

A. V. Protasov, B. A. Sivak, A. M. Yakimanskii

{"title":"Expanding the technological capabilities of the twin roll casting machine.","authors":"A. V. Protasov, B. A. Sivak, A. M. Yakimanskii","doi":"10.32339/0135-5910-2023-11-921-933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2023-11-921-933","url":null,"abstract":"urrently, one of the most promising areas of metallurgy development is the creation of foundry and rolling complexes based on twin roll casting machines. Their application makes it possible to organize the economical production of high-quality strips of stainless and alloy steels for critical purposes. Despite the existing experience in the creation and development of such equipment in Russia, domestic developments are still inferior to the foreign level. Thus, there is an urgent need to continue work on this topic and to create domestic industrial equipment, taking into account the latest technical solutions. At the same time, the technological capabilities of twin-roll casting machines both here and abroad are not fully used. The specialists of JSC AHK VNIIMETMASH have developed a number of the latest versions of the twin-roller casting machine with advanced technological capabilities. Due to the dosed supply of various reagents into the gap between the casting rolls-crystallizers it is possible to produce steel strips with improved properties, as well as porous aluminium strips, and also composite strips for critical applications. The article discusses the design and technological features of the proposed options for two-roller casting machines.","PeriodicalId":429631,"journal":{"name":"Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information","volume":"123 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139172012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secondary metallurgy at machine-building plants 机械制造厂的二次冶金

Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.32339/0135-5910-2023-11-901-914

A. V. Protasov

引用次数: 0

Industrial testing of sand-oil mixtures based on natural oils. 基于天然油的砂油混合物的工业测试。

Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.32339/0135-5910-2023-11-934-938

A. P. Firstov, O. I. Shevchenko

{"title":"Industrial testing of sand-oil mixtures based on natural oils.","authors":"A. P. Firstov, O. I. Shevchenko","doi":"10.32339/0135-5910-2023-11-934-938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2023-11-934-938","url":null,"abstract":"Rods made of sand-oil mixtures have high strength and gas permeability, pliability, non-hygroscopicity, good fluidity, are easily knocked out of castings, and do not require more binder. The optimal addition of oil to sand-oil rod mixtures is 1,3‒1,5%. To increase the strength in the raw state, up to 2% of clay is added, and for the unhindered exit of the rod from the rod box, an addition of water in an amount of 2,5% is provided. Drying of these rods is carried out at a temperature of 200‒230 °C. Sand-oil rod mixtures are used in the manufacture of rods for critical castings in conditions of small-scale and large-scale production of castings. The technological disadvantage of sand-oil mixtures is the low strength in the raw state, and hence the need to use drivers, that is, they are laid out on special core plates, on which they enter the dryer. The low strength of sand-oil rods in the wet state is explained by the low surface tension of the oil. Due to the scarcity of cotton and linseed oils, it became necessary to replace them with more affordable and cheaper oils that have the ability to form strong films, and which will be competitive with sand-oil mixtures based on pure linseed binders. The aim of the work is to replace cotton and linseed oils with more affordable natural oils (sun-flower and rapeseed) without reducing the physical and mechanical properties in sand-oil core mixtures. The work was carried out by comparing it with a workshop core mixture, and a lignosulfonate-based core mix. The ultimate goal of the research was the possible introduction of a core composition based on sunflower and rapeseed oils into the produc-tion cycle","PeriodicalId":429631,"journal":{"name":"Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information","volume":"423 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139171701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of phase equilibria in liquid chromium-manganese steels in the presence of calcium. Report 1. Phase diagrams of oxide systems. 存在钙的液态铬锰钢中的相平衡分析。报告 1.氧化物体系的相图。

Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information Pub Date : 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.32339/0135-5910-2023-2-107-117

G. G. Mikhailov, L. Makrovets

{"title":"Analysis of phase equilibria in liquid chromium-manganese steels in the presence of calcium. Report 1. Phase diagrams of oxide systems.","authors":"G. G. Mikhailov, L. Makrovets","doi":"10.32339/0135-5910-2023-2-107-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2023-2-107-117","url":null,"abstract":"The metallurgical industry produces a wide range of chromium-manganese steels, deoxidized and modified with calcium. To determine the non-metallic inclusions (NI) that can form in the Fe–Ca–Cr–Mn–C–O system, it is necessary to study the double and triple phase diagrams included in the FeO–CaO–MnO–Cr2O3 system. Divalent chromium oxide, which is also included in the oxide melt in the Fe–Ca–Cr–Mn–C–O system, practically does not occur in the literature as a component of double or triple state diagrams; therefore, the activity of chromium(II) oxide was equated to its ion fraction and state diagrams with it were not considered in this work. The state diagrams of oxide systems FeO–CaO, FeO–MnO, FeO–Cr2O3, CaO–MnO, MnO–Cr2O3, and FeO–MnO–Cr2O3 were previously studied by the authors. In this work, the state diagrams of the CaO–Cr2O3, FeO–CaO–Cr2O3, FeO–CaO–MnO, and CaO–MnO–Cr2O3 systems are calculated and plotted. The mixing energies are selected to determine activities in solid (theory of regular ionic solutions) and liquid (theory of subregular ionic solutions) oxide solutions to calculate the coordinates of the liquidus and solidus lines of these state diagrams. The enthalpy (103.4 KJ/mol) and entropy (21.958 J/(mol•K)) of melt-ing of calcium chromite CaCr2O4 are specified. The invariant points of the state diagrams of the FeO–CaO–Cr2O3 and CaO–MnO–Cr2O3 systems have been determined. The study of double and triple phase diagrams belonging to the FeO–CaO–MnO–Cr2O3 system will make it possible to determine all possible NIs that can form in chromium-manganese steels in the presence of calcium under equilibrium conditions.","PeriodicalId":429631,"journal":{"name":"Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information","volume":"2018 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improvement of technology and technique for the production of sinter at the SP EVRAZ KGOK. Report 2. The quality of the agglomerate from the mix heated by hot return 改进埃夫拉兹烧结厂的烧结生产技术和工艺。报告 2.热回流加热混合料的结块质量

Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-809-817

V. E. Kotyshev, Yu. A. Frolov, E. N. Baranov, D. M. Chukin

{"title":"Improvement of technology and technique for the production of sinter at the SP EVRAZ KGOK. Report 2. The quality of the agglomerate from the mix heated by hot return","authors":"V. E. Kotyshev, Yu. A. Frolov, E. N. Baranov, D. M. Chukin","doi":"10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-809-817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-809-817","url":null,"abstract":"A brief literature review of theoretical and applied works on the input of burnt lime into the sinter mix, experimental data on the effect of lime on the efficiency of granulation and heating of the mix, on the consumption of solid fuel, gas permeability and height of the mix bed, on the productivity of sinter machines and the strength of the sinter. The characteristics of the sinter plant of KGOK are given. Its main features are the operation of sinter machines for 100% finely milling concentrate coming from the processing plant through the mix preparation shop, heating the mix with hot returns to the “dew point” temperature, and maintaining a stable CaO content in the sinter, but not its basicity. The results of industrial studies of the effect of lime input, the granulometric composition of the concentrate and the basicity of the sinter on the productivity of sinter machines and the strength of the sinter are considered. It is shown that, in terms of its efficiency, the input of lime into the mix heated by hot return, is significantly inferior to the process of sinter mix without return heating. In particular, the mix is heated above the “dew point” temperature, which decrees its granulation and the positive effect on the gas permeability of the bed, the height of the mix bed and the strength of the sinter, as well as the productivity of sinter machines, decreases. It has been established that under these conditions, the consumption of lime is relatively effective not more 25 kg/t of concentrate. The dependences of the consumption of limestone and solid fuel on the rate of lime and the basicity of the sinter are presented. It is shown that the main factor determining the strength of the sinter is the granulometric composition of the concentrate and its stability, and additional factors are the basicity of the sinter and the bed height of the mix","PeriodicalId":429631,"journal":{"name":"Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information","volume":"64 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139251397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical and chemical calculations of steelmaking processes and predictive models for the production of clean steel 炼钢工艺的物理和化学计算以及洁净钢生产的预测模型

Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-818-826

S. A. Botnikov

{"title":"Physical and chemical calculations of steelmaking processes and predictive models for the production of clean steel","authors":"S. A. Botnikov","doi":"10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-818-826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-818-826","url":null,"abstract":"The results of physicochemical calculations of steelmaking processes for the production of clean steels deoxidized with aluminum are presented. The efficiency of the calculations was achieved using as the main scientific idea the position on the leading role of the oxidation potential in the metal – slag – gas system, while controlling the external supply of oxygen from the atmosphere, materials, slag and refractories. The advantage of this idea lies in the fact that thanks to it it provides a quick identification of critical points in developed and existing technologies, and determines effective ways to solve emerging quality problems in clean and ultra-clean steels. An approach is considered to improve the technology of clean steel production, including elements of mathematical and thermodynamic models, as well as algorithmic approaches for building static models using machine learning technology to improve efficiency in steelmaking technologies. For the application of the presented approach it is necessary to prepare the data set before-hand, as well as to carry out the interpretation of the results of machine learning, based on fundamental laws and physical and chemical processes occurring in steelmaking production. As a result of the thermodynamic calculations performed in the STM program, measures were developed for the production of clean steels. On the examples of the production of thin slabs and billets search and confirmation of significant technological parameters in the formation of steel-making defects due to non-metallic inclusions was carried out using methods of in-depth analytics and machine learning","PeriodicalId":429631,"journal":{"name":"Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information","volume":"51 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139251443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Properties of high-strength complex-alloy steel for casing pipes in cold-resistant and corrosion-resistant versions 耐寒和耐腐蚀型套管用高强度复合合金钢的特性

Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-837-845

D. P. Uskov

{"title":"Properties of high-strength complex-alloy steel for casing pipes in cold-resistant and corrosion-resistant versions","authors":"D. P. Uskov","doi":"10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-837-845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-837-845","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of alloying on the properties of high-tempered steels used for the production of casing pipes has been studied. It has been shown that an increase of molybdenum content from 0.15 to 0.53% provides a noticeable increase of the mechanical characteristics in chromium-molybdenum steels after tempering at 600‒690 °C. Alloying with vanadium and niobium contributes to an additional increase in strength properties. The influence of vanadium on the highly viscoplastic properties of steels is shown. It has been established that the greatest strengthening of steel with 0.32% molybdenum in a highly tempered state is provided by complex alloying with niobium and vanadium. The influence of austenitization and tempering temperature on the structure and properties, including resistance to cracking in an environment saturated with hydrogen sulfide, of chromium-molybdenum steel grade 26CrMoVNb-2 with micro-alloying additives of vanadium and niobium was determined. Alloying with molybdenum, vanadium and niobium makes it possible to obtain steels for high-strength casing pipes that are resistant to brittle fracture and sulfide stress corrosion cracking, subject to comprehensive consideration of the main factors such as austenitization temperature, tempering temperature and duration, dispersion and homogeneity of microstructure","PeriodicalId":429631,"journal":{"name":"Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information","volume":"29 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139253563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

analysis of carbothermic restoration of zinc ferrite 锌铁氧体的碳热复原分析

Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-846-852

A. Senin, E. V. Grigoriev, Yu. E. Kapelyushin, L. R. Sagidullina

{"title":"analysis of carbothermic restoration of zinc ferrite","authors":"A. Senin, E. V. Grigoriev, Yu. E. Kapelyushin, L. R. Sagidullina","doi":"10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-846-852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-846-852","url":null,"abstract":"Remelting scrap steel, including galvanized steel, in arc steel furnaces is accompanied by the formation of dust. Carbothermic reduction of dust in Waelz kilns at heating temperature up to 1200 °С is the main method of dust processing. The target products of the process are zinc oxide, which is formed as a result of the oxidation of reduced zinc vapor in the gas exhaust tract, and reduced iron in the composition of solid cinder. The work carried out a thermo-dynamic analysis of transformations during the carbothermic reduction of zinc ferrite ZnFe2O4, which is the main com-ponent of dust. In the first version, the carbothermic reduction of zinc ferrite with a stoichiometric amount of carbon at the temperature is increased to 1200 °C simulates a hypothetical situation when all components of the charge are crushed to an ultrafine state. In this case, there are no kinetic difficulties in delivering the reducing agent to the reduced oxides. In the second version, zinc ferrite is reduced with an increasing amount of carbon at a temperature of 1200 °С. This option simulates the process of dosed delivery of carbon to the surface of a solid oxide particle, which is typical for most heterogeneous reactions. According to the results of the first calculation option, iron is first reduced from oxides to form iron carbide Fe3C. Then zinc oxide is reduced in the temperature range 800–940 °С, and the main reducing agent is carbon of iron carbide. In the second version of the calculations, the sequence of transformations is radically different from the first option. Zinc oxide is reduced first, with only 36% of the total carbon consumed. The remaining carbon is spent on the reduction of iron oxide; the product of reduction is metallic iron. Thus, in real conditions, obtaining low-carbon iron in cinder is quite possible if the appropriate technological conditions are observed","PeriodicalId":429631,"journal":{"name":"Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139254392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modernization of equipment for preparing the barch for sintering in the sintering shop of JSC “Ural Steel” 乌拉尔钢铁 "股份公司烧结车间烧结坯准备设备的现代化改造

Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-801-808

D. R. Ganin, A. Fuks

{"title":"Modernization of equipment for preparing the barch for sintering in the sintering shop of JSC “Ural Steel”","authors":"D. R. Ganin, A. Fuks","doi":"10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-801-808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2023-10-801-808","url":null,"abstract":"The efficiency of pelletizing the sintering charge, in addition to its particle size distribution, moistening modes, and binding additives, is influenced by the characteristics of the equipment used for pelletizing ‒ design and operating mode. The normal course of the sintering process and the production of high-quality agglomerate are impossible if the charge is highly heterogeneous in size. Before sintering, the sintering mixture must be pelletised with pellet compaction after mixing. The equipment installed at JSC “Ural Steel” for preparing the charge for sintering does not provide a uniform granulometric composition of the pelletized sintering charge. In April 2023, one of the four sintering charge pelletizers Ø2.8×6 m operating at the enterprise was replaced with a drum pelletizer Ø2.8×8 m produced by LLC “Tsemek Minerals” (Magnitogorsk). The characteristics of the pelletized sintering charge and the quality indicators of the sinter produced at JSC “Ural Steel” are given. Measures are presented to modernize the equipment for preparing the charge for sintering, the implementation of which will allow the enterprise to obtain a sintering charge that is more uni-form in size, to increase the gas permeability of the sintered layer of the sintering charge on the pallets of the sintering machine, and also to improve the strength of the sintering material against impact and abrasion","PeriodicalId":429631,"journal":{"name":"Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139251665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0