Tropical veterinarian最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Chloramphenicol Pretreatment on Xylazine/ketamine anaesthesia in cats","authors":"A. Adetunji, R. Ajadi, T. Akerele","doi":"10.4314/TV.V20I4.4489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TV.V20I4.4489","url":null,"abstract":".Keyword: Chloramphenicol, xylazine, ketamine, anaesthesia, cats \u0000The effect of pretreatment with a single intramuscular (im) dose of chloramphenicol (10mg/kg) on the anaethesia induced with im injection of ketamine (25mg/kg) was investigated in five cats premedicated with im xylazine (1.0mg/kg) and atropine (0.04mg/kg) with regard to the onset of anaesthesia (OAN), duration of analgesia (DAN), sleeping time (SLT) and standing time (STT). In addition, changes in heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT) were recorded immediately after ketamine-induced anaesthesia and at 10-min intervals over a period of 60 mins. \u0000The difference in OAN between treated cats (2.8+1.7 mins) and the control cats (1.4+0.9 min) was not significant (P>0.05). The DAN in the treated cats (124.4+51.1 mins) and the control cats (114.4+50.9 mins) were significantly different (P \u0000It was therefore concluded that pretreatment with chloramphenicol somewhat prolongs the duration of anaesthesia produced by i.m injection of ketamine in xylazine premedicated cats, although this effect may not be of clinical concern \u0000Trop. Vet. Vol. 20(4) 2002: 231-237","PeriodicalId":428776,"journal":{"name":"Tropical veterinarian","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116610876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pasteurellosis in a captive antelope ( Antelope cervicapra ) in Ibadan Nigeria","authors":"B. Emikpe, O. Ohore, D. Oluwayelu, O. Eyarefe","doi":"10.4314/TV.V20I4.4490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TV.V20I4.4490","url":null,"abstract":"Keywords: Pasteurellosis, captive, antelope, pneumonia, necrosis \u0000A case of pasteurellosis in a captive antelope (Antilope cervicapra) in the zoological garden of the University of Ibadan is reported. The antelope was found dead without any premonitory signs. Gross findings include antero-ventral consolidation of the lungs with multifocal hepatic necrosis while the histopathology revealed acute pneumonia and diffuse hepatic necrosis with nephritis. Bacteriological examination incriminated Mannheimia hemolytica as causative agent. Trop. Vet. Vol. 20(4) 2002: 238-242","PeriodicalId":428776,"journal":{"name":"Tropical veterinarian","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115112356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of organic contrast Media on the haematology and Serum Electrolytes in Xylazine Sedated Dogs","authors":"R. Ajadi, O. Ighalo, B. Sarumoh","doi":"10.4314/TV.V20I4.4486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TV.V20I4.4486","url":null,"abstract":"Key Words: Contrast media, haematology, serum electrolytes, dogs, xylazine \u0000The effect of contrast media on the hematology and serum electrolyte was determined in five dogs sedated with 2mg/kg of xylazine intramuscular (i.m). A total of 800mg/kg bolus of 76% urograffin was then administered by intravenous injection through the cephalic vein. Blood was collected from the jugular vein before sedation after sedation, and 5mins after contrast medium administration for the determination of packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (HB), red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC) and platelets. In addition, value of the serum sodium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate ions were determined, while the sodium/potassium ratio (Na/K) and anion gap (AG) were calculated. \u0000In this study, the administration of 76% urograffin does not significantly (P>0.05%) alter the PCV, Hb, RBC, WBC and Platelets. Similarly the serum sodium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate ions as well as the Na/K and AG were not significantly (P>0.05) altered by the urograffin in the xylazine-sedated dogs. \u0000It was therefore, concluded that 76% urograffin at the dosage rate of 800mg/kg does not produce adverse changes in the hematology and serum electrolyte in clinically healthy dogs pretreated with xylazine. Trop. Vet. Vol. 20(4) 2002: 209-217","PeriodicalId":428776,"journal":{"name":"Tropical veterinarian","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116138703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Oral Administration of the Latex of Calotropis procera on weights, Hematology and Plasma Biochemistry in rats","authors":"Y. Dada, M. Lamidi, K. Eghianruwa, F. Adepoju","doi":"10.4314/TV.V20I4.4487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TV.V20I4.4487","url":null,"abstract":"Keyword: Blood chemistry, Calotropis procera, HB, PCV, rat, weight \u0000The latex of Calotropis procera was obtained daily and administered to groups of rats through oral cannular in different sets of study. In one set of study, the latex was administered daily at varying doses and the packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (HB), white blood cell count (WBC), plasma protein, plasma total albumin and plasma electrolytes (NA+, K+, Ca2++ and PO42-) of the rats were determined on days 7 and 14. In another set of study, the latex was administered daily at varying doses for seven days following which the weights of the animals were determined. The latex was also administered daily in another set of study at varying doses for 90 days during which the rats' weights were recorded at 30, 60 and 90 days during treatment. \u0000The latex of C. procera did not produce significant changes in PCV, HB and RBC values. Similarly, there were no significant changes in the values of serum Ca2+, Na+, K+ and PO42-. The values of total blood protein and albumin were also not altered during treatment. The latex, however, caused significant increases in WBC values. Rats that received the latex lost weight while control rats gained weight. Deaths were recorded in treated groups during the acute and chronic phases of the study. \u0000It is concluded that the latex of C. procera has no significant effects on blood parameters but it readily causes loss of weight and would be detrimental to animal health during the long dry season in the semi-arid zone. \u0000Trop. Vet. Vol. 20(4) 2002: 218-225","PeriodicalId":428776,"journal":{"name":"Tropical veterinarian","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122555532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Age of Cattle in Nigeria Using Rostral Dentition: Short Communication","authors":"O. Lasisi, N. Ojo, E. Otesile","doi":"10.4314/TV.V20I4.4485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TV.V20I4.4485","url":null,"abstract":"Key Words: Cattle, ageing, teeth, Nigeria \u0000Investigation was carried out to determine range of ages of cattle at the University of Ibadan and Institute of Agricultural Research and Training Ibadan. A total of 137 animals were used. \u0000The eruption of the temporary rostral teeth commenced during the first week of life and the teeth were fully grown by the end of the fifth week. \u0000Trop. Vet. Vol. 20(4) 2002: 204-208","PeriodicalId":428776,"journal":{"name":"Tropical veterinarian","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129945735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uterine Torsion in a West African Dwarf Ewe in Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"O. Ajala, B. Emikpe, M. Oyeyemi","doi":"10.4314/TV.V20I4.4484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TV.V20I4.4484","url":null,"abstract":"Keywords: Uterine torsion, West African Dwarf Ewe, Ibadan \u0000A case of uterine torsion in a 21/2 year old pluriparous West Africa Dwarf (WAD) ewe raised semi intensively with adequate veterinary care before the death of the dam and the lamb is presented. The dam had been off feed for 3 days and was found straining a night before her death. The lamb was a male of 37cm crown rump length (CRL), weight, 3.0kg and showed other features consistent with a full term lamb. The post mortem findings and the predisposing factors are discussed. \u0000Trop. Vet. Vol. 20(4) 2002: 201-203","PeriodicalId":428776,"journal":{"name":"Tropical veterinarian","volume":"507 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124259230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Possible Brucellosis Relapse in a Veterinarian","authors":"S. Falade","doi":"10.4314/TV.V20I4.4488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TV.V20I4.4488","url":null,"abstract":"Keyword: Brucellosis, Veterinarian, possible relapse, 29 years after initial infection \u0000This article re-examines the case of a veterinarian who suffered from an acute brucellosis at the age of 28 years. It is possible that the patient developed a chronic bilateral brucellar orchitis 29 years later. \u0000Trop. Vet. Vol. 20(4) 2002: 226-230","PeriodicalId":428776,"journal":{"name":"Tropical veterinarian","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115702564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of the Pathogenesis and Pathology of Bovine Schistosomosis","authors":"C. Bila, D. Silva, E. Gruys","doi":"10.4314/TV.V20I4.4482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TV.V20I4.4482","url":null,"abstract":"Keywords: Schistosomosis, zoonosis, cattle, pathology, pathogenesis \u0000Schistosomes are trematodes of separate sex living in blood vessels. They have part of their life cycle in a snail before becoming cercariae, and they reach the final host. Schistosomosis is a zoonosis. Several aspects of schistosomosis and Schistosoma species, their geographical distribution, life cycle, mode of infection, control and treatment are reviewed. The comparative pathogenesis and pathology of the disease in bovine, man and other species with regard to parasite species and organs of the host involved, are presented and discussed. The clinical features and pathological changes result more from the eggs than from the adult parasites themselves. The eggs release soluble antigen that is captured and presented by antigen presenting \u0000cells (APCs). The APCs stimulate CD4 + T cells through costimulator molecules. The CD4 + T cells secrete cytokines leading to granulomatous reaction and fibrosis. These are major changes associated with clinical disorders. Around the eggs club-like eosinophilic protein deposits, the so-called Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon, can form. \u0000Questions for further veterinary investigations are addressed. \u0000Trop. Vet. Vol. 20(4) 2002: 181-196","PeriodicalId":428776,"journal":{"name":"Tropical veterinarian","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133398399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of the clay meat ball as a method of traditional meat preservation","authors":"J. Sansi, G. Makinde, D. Alonge, O. Lasisi","doi":"10.4314/TV.V20I4.4483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TV.V20I4.4483","url":null,"abstract":"Keywords: meat ball, protein, mineral content \u0000This work was carried out to determine the effectiveness of the use of clay meat balls (an African traditional method of preserving meat) in extending the shelf life of meat over a period of months against microbial (bacterial and fungal) spoilage and contamination without adversely affecting the protein and mineral contents of the meat. \u0000The methods of oven drying and proximate analysis were applied for the study. “Kundi” had a higher crude protein value of 35.61% while meat from clay ball had 29.67% and fresh meat had 21.28%. \u0000The levels of calcium, iron, potassium and sodium were higher in clay balls than in “Kundi”. The zinc content in “Kundi” was higher than in meat clay balls. The meat in the clay balls were more attractive in colour and more tasteful than “Kundi”. \u0000It was concluded that heated clay meat ball method of preservation would be a better alternative for a traditional meat processor. \u0000Trop. Vet. Vol. 20(4) 2002:197-200","PeriodicalId":428776,"journal":{"name":"Tropical veterinarian","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131466074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiographic Estimation of the Location and Size of kidneys in Nigerian local dogs","authors":"R. Ajadi, Ot Adene, O. Ighalo","doi":"10.4314/TV.V20I3.4498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TV.V20I3.4498","url":null,"abstract":"Keywords: Radiography, Location, Kidney size, Local dogs \u0000The kidneys of dogs and cats are located retroperitoneally (Bjorling, 1993). Visualization of the kidneys on radiographs is possible due to the contrast provided by the perirenal fat (Grandage, 1975). However, this perirenal fat rarely covers the ventral surface of the kidney and are absent in lean dogs. Thus interpretation of abnormality on survey radiograph is based on a good knowledge of the radiological anatomy of the kidney (Brodsky, et al., 1977). This knowledge include the sizes and locations of the kidneys. \u0000Reports on exotic breeds revealed that the right kidney is located between the last thoracic (T\u000613) and second lumbar (L2) vertebrae while the left kidney is located between the first Lumbar (L1) and the third Lumbar (L3) vertebrae (Finco, et al., 1971; Osborne and Fletcher, 1995). However, to date, there is no report on the radiological parameters of the kidney of the local dogs. This study was therefore carried out to establish the length, width and location of both kidneys in local dogs. \u0000Ten local dogs comprising of 8 non-lactating non-pregnant bitches and 2 intact male dogs with an average weight of 10.7+1.2kg were used for this study. They were judged to be in good general health and with no kidney abnormality based on the results of complete physical examination, serum creatinine and urinalysis of urine samples obtained by cystocentesis. Prior to radiography, the dogs were fasted overnight and saline enema administered to empty the colorectum of feaces. They were sedated for radiography using atropine and 2% xylazine (Chanazine, Chanelle pharmaceuticals) at the intramuscular dosage rates of 0.04mg/kg and 2.0mg/kg, respectively. In order to improve the opacification of the kidney for proper visualization, 76% urograffin (Schering pharmaceuticals) was administered intravenously through the cephalic vein at the dosage rate of 800mg/kg (Morgan and Silverman, 1983). Ventrodorsal abdominal radiograph of the dog was then obtained immediately after the injection of urograffin. \u0000The location, length and width of the left and right kidneys were determined from each radiograph. Both the length and width were measured in relation to the length of the second lumbar vertebrae (L2). The length of the kidney was taken as the distance between the cranial and caudal poles while the width was taken as the diameter from the hilus to the capsule on the opposite side. The means of the length and width, of the right and left \u0000Trop. Vet. Vol. 20(3) 2002: 169-171","PeriodicalId":428776,"journal":{"name":"Tropical veterinarian","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131142995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}