Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"A potential role of extracellular DNA in biofilm and ciprofloxacin resistance","authors":"Hind Tahseen Ibrahim, Ali A. Mussa, Harith Jabbar Fahad Al-Mathkhury","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1338","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aims to broaden our knowledge of the role of eDNA in bacterial biofilms and antibiotic-resistance gene transfer among isolates. \u0000Methods: Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from different non-repeated 170 specimens. The bacterial isolates were identified using morphological and molecular methods. Different concentrations of genomic DNA were tested for their potential role in biofilms formed by study isolates employing microtiter plate assay. Ciprofloxacin resistance was identified by detecting a mutation in gyrA and parC. \u0000Results: The biofilm intensity significantly decreased (P < 0.05) concerning S. aureus isolates and insignificantly (P > 0.05) concerning E. coli isolates. Yet, one E. coli isolate's biofilm was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) linearly with increasing eDNA. Of considerable interest, the addition of eDNA led to a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the biofilm of the two-tested P. aeruginosa isolates. Moreover, eDNA participated in transferring Ciprofloxacin resistance to the sensitive isolate when it presents in its biofilm. \u0000Conclusion: eDNA has a dual effect on bacterial biofilms either supportive or suppressive following bacterial species per se. Also, it seems to play an important role in antibiotic resistance within the biofilm.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43602588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, identification and comparative analysis of 16S rRNA of Multidrug-resistant Bacteria Clinically isolated from Al Qassim Region Hospitals in Saudi Arabia","authors":"H.S. Alkhowaiter, Othman Alyahyawy, Abdullah Abdulhafeez Aljeddawi, Salah El-Deen Mohamed Abo-Aba","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1337","url":null,"abstract":"Objective:   This study concluded that the antibiotic resistance and gene transfer across bacterial strains in the hospital setting are two possible explanations for the observed sequence changes in the target microorganisms. \u0000Methods:   The 16S rDNA genes of all isolates were effectively amplified using PCR, and detailed identification results were derived from GenBank databases. The BLAST search resulted in the classification of 28 isolates into five strains. The GC content of bacterial sequences varies greatly between single species. \u0000Results:  16S rDNA was utilized to identify bacterial species from isolates strains results demonstrated that identification of bacterial strains. Sequences varied between and within strains, also, variation are noticed in genomic nucleotide content of isolated and identified strains. Results of the present study demonstrated that the observed heterogeneity in the sequences of our target bacterial strains may be linked to antibiotic resistance and gene transfer between bacteria that evolved as a result of the hospital environment. \u0000Conclusion:  This study concluded that antibiotic-resistant bacteria are capable of transferring copies of their DNA encoding a resistance mechanism to other bacteria, even those that are distantly related to them. the observed heterogeneity in the sequences of our target bacterial strains may be linked to antibiotic resistance and gene transfer between bacteria that evolved as a result of the hospital environment.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41635771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Antioxidant Status in Sickle Cell Disease Patients: Implications for Oxidative Stress and Disease Severity","authors":"Zainab Ali Hadi, F. J. Al-Tu’ma, Atheer Hameid Odda, Hawra Almuhafdah","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1336","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The main aim of this subject is to determine the oxidative status of Iraqi sickle cell anemic patients and then correlated with various biomarkers. \u0000Methods: In this study, blood samples from 100 sickle cell anemic subjects were analyzed, and then compared with control group which consisting of 50 individuals without sickle cell anemia was established. Various biochemical techniques were employed to measure different oxidative stress markers and inflammatory mediators. Serum samples were collected from blood to determine the levels of antioxidants such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (G-Px), reduced glutathione (GSH), and lipid-peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA). \u0000Results: The results revealed that the levels of serum antioxidant activity (CAT), GSH, and G-Px were significantly reduced with (P < 0.05) in sickle cell anemic patients as compared with apparently control group. In contrast, the MDA level was significantly higher in sickle cell anemic patients than that found in the apparently control group. \u0000Conclusion: In this work, there is an increased oxidative stress in sickle cell anemic patients, which is accompanied by a decrease in antioxidant activity and a rise in lipid peroxidation, leading to the intensification of sickle cell anemic symptoms in patients.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44649847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silent Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Kurdistan, Iraq: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Ameen M Mohammad, Malavan H. Mohammed, Mohammed T Rasul, Azri Salih Sgery","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1339","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study attempts to determine the silent coronary artery disease (CAD) in a sample of Iraqi Kurdish patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). \u0000Methods: A total of 50 such patients from Duhok, Kurdistan region of Iraq, underwent multi slices computed tomography (MSCT) coronary angiography 64 slices to determine coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores and coronary stenoses. \u0000Results: 62% of cases had a (CAC) score > zero on non-contrast MSCT scans. Coronary angiograms showed that 26 (52%) of the cases had variable coronary artery stenosis; 17(34%) of them were obstructive (>50% luminal narrowing). The study demonstrated that Inflammatory markers (rheumatoid factor, Anti- cyclic citrullinated peptides, and some cardiovascular risk factors, namely (hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus) were significantly related to the presence of CAD in these patients. \u0000Conclusions: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis are at increased risk of CAD. This risk is higher in the presence of inflammatory and cardiovascular risk factors.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45941789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological effects of Calprotectin and B Cell activating factor in COVID-19 Patients","authors":"Hazhar M. Balaky, Akam Jasim Mustafa, Parween Abdulsamad Ismail, Araz Muhammad Yousif","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1327","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study set out to determine how Calprotectin and B cell activating factor contributes to early COVID-19 patient severity prediction.\u0000Methods: The study included 25 healthy controls and 52 patients with SARS-COV2 infection who were clinically diagnosed with COVID-19 illness and were between the ages of 23 and 35. The serum levels of CALP and BAFF were measured using the ELISA method. To gauge CRP levels, an immunoturbidometric assay was performed.\u0000Results: Variations in serum levels of CALP and BAFF were found to be statistically insignificant in the study (P=0.7109 & P=0.7575, respectively). When compared to the control group (103.95±36.67 ng/mL; 403.03±1.03), COVID-19 patients had non-significantly raised levels of CALP and BAFF (106.5±4.67 ng/mL; 436.9±12.77 pg/mL, respectively). According to ROC curve analysis, the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) for CALP and BAFF was (0.5170) and (0.5259), respectively. (r=0.6923; P=0.0001). There was a significant positive correlation between serum CALP and BAFF levels. The connection between serum CRP levels and CALP (r=0.3010; P=0.1271) and BAFF levels (r=0.2912; P=0.1406) was insignificantly positive.\u0000Conclusion: The current study's findings suggested that serum CALP and BAFF concentrations were increased in COVID-19 patients, suggesting that these inflammatory markers may be helpful indicators of the severity of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43364879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation the effect of formulation made of Talh honey, whey protein and collagen on acute excisional skin wound healing in Wistar male rat","authors":"Hanaa Abbas Yamani, K. Fakiha","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1328","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study evaluated the ability of using formulation contains Talh honey, whey protein and collagen on wound healing using animal model. \u0000Methods: 24 Wistar male rats were divided into four groups of 6 rats each as follow; G1 (not treated), G2 (treated with Manuka honey), G3 (treated with Povidone iodine ointment 5%), and G4 (treated with tested formulation). Excisional wound was induced in rat’s dorsal skin. The duration of the study was 18 days. Morphological and histological examination was performed for all groups. \u0000Results: The tested formula showed reduction in the duration of the inflammatory phase of wound healing when compared to other groups. \u0000Conclusion: Results from this study indicated the therapeutic potential of the tested formula, which contains natural component, in wound healing as using other therapeutic products. The tested formula is affordable for wide range of patients. Further studies are required to investigate the different mechanisms behind the therapeutic properties of each treatment.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42498082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the frequency and risk factors of pulmonary complications following cardiac surgery in the hospital","authors":"S. Salajegheh, Mahdieh Sharifzadeh Kermani, Naeimeh Naeimi Bafghi, Neda Naeimi Bafghi, J. Salehi, Reza Nakhaei Zadeh, Mohammadzadeh Javid","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1313","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of pulmonary complications after heart surgery and to assess the pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative risk factors.\u0000Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical study that was conducted on 244 patients who underwent various cardiac surgeries from December 2021 to May 2022 in Shefa Kerman Hospital. This descriptive/analytical study on patients undergoing heart surgery at Shafa Hospital, Kerman, Iran, from December 2021 to May 2022. Pulmonary complications included atelectasis pneumonia, pleural effusion, long-term mechanical ventilation, and respiratory failure. The pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative risk factors were investigated in the present study. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of lung complications.\u0000Results: In the present study, 55 patients (22.5%) had pulmonary complications, followed by prolonged mechanical ventilation (13.1%), pneumonia (11.5%), respiratory failure (4.1%), pleural effusion (11.1%) and atelectasis (6.1%). Pulmonary complications after heart surgery were associated with days of ICU stay, post-operative stroke, post-operative acute kidney injury, emergency surgery, FFP injection, high drainage rate, and mitral valve replacement surgery (all p <0.001). 4% of patients died after surgery, which was statistically related to pulmonary complications (P<0.0001). The results of multivariable logistic regression test showed that FFP injection, type of heart surgery, hypertension, ICU stay days are capable of predicting pulmonary complications after heart surgery.\u0000Conclusion: Mortality was found to be higher in patients with pulmonary complications. Based on the results of the regression analysis, FFP injection, type of surgery, history of hypertension and length of ICU stay were independent risk factors of pulmonary complications.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44815060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnitude of dispensing unprescribed antibiotics in community pharmacies in Duhok province; Kurdistan region of Iraq","authors":"Hind Almufty, Lara Hayhat, Wasan G. Abdal Abdal, Darya S. Hussein Hussein, M. A. Merza","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1324","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: study aims to provide a descriptive overview about the magnitude and frequency of dispensing the unprescribed antibiotics UABs. It furthermore aims, to specify the most dispensed UAB types, the most common infections, signs and symptoms that require dispensing the UABs in community pharmacies of Duhok city and its districts. \u0000Methods: A cross sectional cohort study had been conducted from September to October 2022, private community pharmacies of Duhok province were included in this study. A standardized questionnaire platform was utilized to complete the survey, it included 2 sections, the first of which was related to demographic data and the second part included details of the dispensing unprescribed antibiotics UABs like: what are the most common dispensed UABs, what are the most common illness and symptoms of patients who require dispensing UABs. Results: One hundred fifty pharmacies have been included in this study. The majorities were from Duhok city 46%, and Zakho 28.7%. The prevalence of dispensing UABs was 100%, the three most common dispensed UABs were Amoxicillin 77%, followed by azithromycin 16% and cefixime 7%. The most infections and conditions requiring dispensing UABs were tonsilitis (69.3%), followed by flu and common cold (58.7%), and lower respiratory tract infection (48.7%). Conclusion: This study concluded that dispensing UABs is a frequent practice in Duhok community pharmacies. Viruses are the most common cause of upper respiratory tract infections; hence, antibiotics must be avoided and OTC medicines should be encouraged to alleviate the symptoms. Continuing medical education through training pharmacists on dispensing antibiotics by adhering to the regulations of antibiotic stewardship is crucial.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48211063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of blood group phenotypes on COVID-19 severity and mortality in Duhok province: a prospective cross-sectional study","authors":"Fatima Jaafar Rasho, Muayad Aghali Merza","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1333","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to determine the frequency of blood group types among COVID-19 patients and to investigate its potential association with disease severity and patient outcomes. \u0000Methods: this prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from February to July 2022 in three different healthcare facilities in the Duhok region. All confirmed PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients were classified into: mild, moderate, severe, and critical cases. Information on demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics were collected using a standardized questionnaire. All patients were subjected to ABO blood grouping. The statistical calculations were performed by JMP Pro 14.3.0. A p value of < 0.05 was considered significant. \u0000Results: the study comprised of 404 patients. The age range of the patients varied from 16 to 100 years with a male predominance (204, 50.5%). Out of the total patients, 250 (61.88%) had mild-moderate course, while 154 (38.12%) had severe-critical course. The most frequent blood group was O (164, 41.58%), followed by blood group A (121, 29.95%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of the Rh factor among the studied subjects (p=0.426). There was a significant increase in disease severity and worse outcome with increasing age (p=<0.0001). Considering blood group types, there were no significant differences between blood group types with COVID-19 severity and patients’ outcome.   \u0000Conclusions: individuals with blood group O may have a higher risk of contracting COVID-19. Advanced age is a crucial predictor of disease severity and poor outcomes. There were no significant association between blood group types with COVID-19 severity and patients’ outcome. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings and determine the underlying mechanisms behind any potential association between blood groups and COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, and outcome.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49462393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Immuno-response Effects for Iraqi Lycium barbarm Carotenes upon Normal Human lymphocytes culture","authors":"Zainab Yaseen Mohammed Hasan, Khulood W. Alsamarrae, A. Rushdi","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i2.1335","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the effects of Iraqi Lycium barbarm Carotene on normal human blood lymphocytes at molecular level. \u0000Methods: The normal human blood lymphocytes culture was exposed to Carotene extracted from Iraqi Lycium barbarm to estimate the interleukins  expression in treated lymphocytes represented by IL-10 and TNF-α as a moderator of immune response at a molecular scale, and their CD markers changes expression (CD3, CD4&CD8) by  flow-cytometer apparatus. \u0000Results: Total carotenes content was 0.33mg/g powdered dried fruit. Potent carotene effect was appeared at concentration of 500µg/ml for  treated lymphocytes with increasing CD3 level to get upper level after 2 hours interval, while after 4 hours exposure both CD4 and CD8 levels increased dramatically for lymphocytes treated with 125 µg/ml, and 250µg/ml Lycium carotene. An alteration in cytokines gene expression for IL-10 production in response to carotene treatments at (125,250,500) µg/ml for both intervals, with suppress in tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) gene expression in relation to β-actin the internal control and the PHA mitogenic agent. \u0000Conclusion: The study concluded that the carotenes extracted from Lycium barbarm fruits seemed to initiate the immune system toward Th2 cell activation rather thanTh1, besides the extract may potentiate IL-10 production.  ","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47212860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}