International Journal of Ethics and Systems最新文献

{"title":"Moral intensity and ethical decision-making: a combined importance-performance map analysis for professional accountants","authors":"Ishwara P., Naod Mekonnen","doi":"10.1108/ijoes-05-2024-0120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-05-2024-0120","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of moral intensity on the ethical decision-making process of professional accountants based on a combined importance-performance map analysis (cIPMA).</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>Using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) on data from 309 accountants, the study examined the relationships between four moral intensity dimensions: magnitude of consequences, social consensus, probability of effect and concentration of effect, and the ethical decision-making process. The study also methodologically complemented by a combined importance-performance map analysis and necessary condition analysis.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The findings reveal that moral recognition and moral judgment are necessary conditions for predicting accountants’ moral intent. However, in terms of importance and performance, moral recognition plays a less significant role compared to moral judgment. Furthermore, the influence of moral intensity dimensions is pronounced on moral recognition, while their influence on moral judgment and moral intent is more context dependent. This is also exhibited in the combined importance-performance map analysis results.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Research limitations/implications</h3>\u0000<p>The study highlights the importance of considering specific ethical dilemmas and the differential influence of moral intensity when developing strategies to strengthen ethical decision-making in the accounting profession. Future research is encouraged to explore how cultural backgrounds and diverse settings influence accountants’ ethical decision-making with tailored measurement tools for a more comprehensive understanding.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the study is among the first to complement the results of PLS-SEM with importance-performance map analysis and necessary condition analysis to examine the relationship between moral intensity and ethical decision-making of accountants.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":42832,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ethics and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The provision of accounting ethics education in Ethiopian accounting programs: a structuration theory perspective","authors":"Ishwara P., Naod Mekonnen","doi":"10.1108/ijoes-07-2024-0191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-07-2024-0191","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>This study aims to explore the provision of accounting ethics education in Ethiopian accounting programs through structuration theory.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>A qualitative case study methodology was used, and data were collected through semistructured interviews with faculty members, practitioners and regulatory bodies. The interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Accounting curricula were also analyzed to triangulate and support the findings.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The study revealed a significant gap in the status of accounting ethics education, primarily attributed to a misunderstanding of its importance. While faculty initiatives and student interest have partially mitigated this gap, systemic challenges such as rigid curricula, a lack of awareness and commitment, resource constraints and limited stakeholders’ support persisted. A combined approach to accounting ethics education is required to foster ethical behavior. Hence, the structuration theory highlighted how meanings, power dynamics and norms and values constrained and enabled the provision of accounting ethics education.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Research limitations/implications</h3>\u0000<p>The study emphasized the need for stakeholders to influence policymakers’ perceptions regarding the significance of accounting ethics education. The study also provided empirical support for structuration theory. Future research should involve cross-cultural comparisons and explore the ethical behavior of accounting professionals using diverse research designs to highlight the gaps and inform effective educational interventions.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>This study contributes to the theoretical application of structuration theory in accounting ethics education. It underscores the critical role of comprehensive curricular reforms, stakeholder engagement and resource allocation.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":42832,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ethics and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The moderating role of knowledge sharing in the relationship of transformational leadership style and environmental sustainability: an empirical study on the employee of ministries in the United Arab Emirate","authors":"Abdulaziz Fahmi Omar Faqera, Halimah Abdul Manaf","doi":"10.1108/ijoes-03-2023-0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-03-2023-0043","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>In response to the prevalent significance of combating climate change, government agencies are required to achieve the critical goals of protecting natural resources, fostering long-term growth and promoting environmental sustainability. On this account, this study aims to investigate the moderating effect of knowledge sharing on the relationship between transformational leadership style and environmental sustainability.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>To ensure the accuracy of the outcome, the study was designed using the resource-based view approach, comprising a sample of 276 employees across various United Arab Emirates (UAE) ministries, administering a validated questionnaire. The non-parametric software (i.e. Smart PLS 4) was used to analyse the data.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The findings indicated that three dimensions of transformational leadership style, idealised influence, individualised consideration and intellectual stimulation, were significantly related to environmental sustainability. Inspirational motivation, however, did not predict environmental sustainability.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>In terms of value, the novelty of this study is the theoretical foundations that it provides for future research on the role of knowledge sharing that can affect transformational leadership and environmental sustainability among the ministries in the UAE. This study also sets a benchmark for these ministries and other public sectors’ strategic decision-making process of increasing knowledge sharing through a transformational leadership style.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":42832,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ethics and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islam in business ethics research: a bibliometric analysis and future research agenda","authors":"A. S. Sofyan, Ega Rusanti, N. Nurmiati, Syaakir Sofyan, Robert Kurniawan, R. Caraka","doi":"10.1108/ijoes-02-2024-0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-02-2024-0058","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose\u0000This study aims to determine research performance in Islamic business ethics and explore future research directions from leading articles and scholars.\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This paper used bibliometric and content analysis to analyze 250 articles from reputable Scopus and Web of Sciences journals.\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000To date, the normative style still dominates Islamic business ethics research. Asian countries such as Malaysia and Indonesia are the center of discussion on Islamic business ethics. This study also suggests that researchers and academics study aspects of the economy that Islamic values have not touched, such as the theme of art, artificial intelligence for labor relations, workers' rights and language.\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000This research aims to contribute knowledge to Muslims as a reference guide for ethical business behavior. Non-Muslim managers can use this paper as a guide in forming a global company that is pluralistic and respectful of religious communities.\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This research makes a scholarly contribution by providing a comprehensive exploration and detailed future research directions in each subtheme of Islamic business ethics.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42832,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ethics and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking green potential: a mediation-moderation analysis of bank policies-related practices and green financing sustainability in Pakistan","authors":"Zahid Iqbal, Muhammad Akram, Zia Ur Rehman Rao","doi":"10.1108/ijoes-02-2024-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-02-2024-0057","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>This study aims to investigate the relationship between bank policy-related practices and green financing sustainability in Pakistan. The study uses a mediating-moderation analysis to examine how the influence of bank policies on green financing sustainability is mediated by green banking activities and moderated by the employees’ green value and green knowledge sharing.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>In this study, a structural questionnaire was used to gather data from Pakistani bank personnel through stratified sampling. A two-stage structural equation modelling approach was used in this investigation. The measuring scale’s validity and reliability are assessed using the measure model. A structural model was used to ascertain the connection between the underpinning constructs.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>This study found a positive significant effect on bank employed related practices on green banking activities, besides the mediate role of green banking activities between the bank policies-related practices and green financing. In addition, this study also found the moderating role of employees’ green value and green knowledge sharing on the relationship of bank policies-related practices and green banking activities as well as green banking activities and green financing, respectively.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>As environmental sustainability becomes more and more important on a worldwide scale; the study looks into the ways that financial institutions may become more environmentally conscious and help create a more sustainable future. To shed light on the ways in which financial institutions can be crucial in advancing green sustainability in an emerging economy such as Pakistan, this study used sophisticated statistical tools.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":42832,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ethics and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141782887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hazing for lunch: a study of unethical socialisation practices","authors":"Anette Kaagaard Kristensen, Martin Lund Kristensen, Eva Gemzøe Mikkelsen","doi":"10.1108/ijoes-02-2024-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-02-2024-0038","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>This paper aims to explore the impact of social segregation and exclusionary workplace hazing during lunch breaks on newcomers’ relational quality during the early socialisation phase.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>This study draws on data from a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with recently employed nurses (<em>n</em> = 19) and nursing students (<em>n</em> = 42) about their workplace hazing experiences. The data was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The analysis revealed two main themes: “feeling isolated” and “justifying self-exclusion.” Newcomers reported feeling humiliated when subjected to exclusionary hazing by experienced colleagues, leading to feelings of alienation and impacting their relationships with their new colleagues. Newcomers tended to distance themselves in various ways and justified this behaviour as a means of self-care.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>This paper adds to the limited knowledge about the effects of newcomers’ exposure to workplace hazing during their early socialisation. It provides a relational perspective on the consequences of workplace hazing and explains how the social context influences the normative expectations of newcomers.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":42832,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ethics and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141782885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unethical pro-organizational behavior: a systematic literature review and research agenda","authors":"Ujjal Mukherjee, Saritha S.R.","doi":"10.1108/ijoes-11-2023-0243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-11-2023-0243","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>The literature on unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPOB) has experienced significant growth in the past decade. However, there is limited research on the effects of organizational, team and malleable individual factors on UPOB. It is also necessary to explore its adverse effects for theoretical advancement and to uncover unexplored opportunities. This study aims to systematically examine the existing body of literature on UPOB, providing thorough theoretical, contextual and methodological insights.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis technique, the authors identified 43 articles on UPOB from journals included in the ABDC-2019 list. The authors conducted an analysis of the identified articles and categorized them using a modified version of Paul and Rosado-Serrano’s (2019) TCCM framework.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>Existing literature primarily focuses on attitudinal and contextual antecedents of UPOB, neglecting individual differences and their consequences. The review suggests that certain desired employee attitudes may also lead to UPOB. In addition, the study highlights underutilization of established behavioral theories, emphasizing the need for a more inclusive theoretical framework. The exploration identifies research gaps, including in multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary studies, aiming to broaden the research scope in this field.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Research limitations/implications</h3>\u0000<p>The study highlights the need for a more comprehensive theoretical framework to understand UPOB.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Practical implications</h3>\u0000<p>It cautions organizations fostering positive employee attitudes, such as job satisfaction, workplace spirituality and organizational commitment, as these may inadvertently promote UPOB.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Social implications</h3>\u0000<p>Socially, the paper highlights how engaging in UPOB affects the lives of involved employees.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>This paper’s originality arises from its methodical review and categorization of prior research on UPOB using a distinctive, multidisciplinary research framework.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":42832,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ethics and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141782651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The push and pull between culture and integrity in the workplace: an ethical decision-making context","authors":"Andrew I. Ellestad, Bradley Gene Winton","doi":"10.1108/ijoes-02-2024-0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-02-2024-0042","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>Multinational corporations encounter numerous challenges in making ethical decisions as they navigate diverse factors in every country where they conduct business. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no research has been committed to investigating the effects of one’s cultural perspectives and moral virtue. Building on a theoretical foundation recently laid out in the literature (i.e. the culture-influenced value-specific model), this study aims to investigate the relationship between components of national culture (i.e. power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity) and the moral virtue of integrity.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>This paper uses a quantitative analysis methodology conducted among 160 US-based workers to test a direct effect model of the relationship between national culture and integrity. The hypothesized relationships are examined using linear regression. Additional analysis includes reliability and representativeness analyses.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>Direct effects support the hypotheses that a worker’s cultural perspectives affect integrity. Specifically, this study found that a worker’s cultural aspects of power distance, individualism and masculinity are negatively and significantly related to an individual’s level of integrity. Additionally, an individual’s level of uncertainty avoidance is positively related to integrity.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>This study contributes to the literature and practice by demonstrating how the culture in which one resides has an impact on the level of integrity one holds and potentially exhibits in the workplace. These findings are significant in that they are among the first to consider culture and moral virtue in an ethical decision-making model. Furthermore, these findings open an additional pathway for research concerning ethical behavior in the workplace.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":42832,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ethics and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141782757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the financial effect of ESG disclosure on financial performance in India: climate-sensitive corporates’ perspective","authors":"Santi Gopal Maji, Prachi Lohia","doi":"10.1108/ijoes-02-2024-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-02-2024-0039","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>The study aims to examine the impact of environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure on financial performance by considering the moderating impact of less and high climate-sensitive industry firms.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>The present study is a panel data approach with a sample of the top 100 Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)-listed non-financial firms covering the years 2019–2022. Appropriate panel data models have been used to investigate the association between ESG disclosure and financial performance, followed by an instrumental variable regression model to address endogeneity. Further, the panel data interaction effect model has been used to examine the moderating impact.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The results favour the value-enhancing function of ESG disclosure. Of the three ESG components, only the G factor affects firm performance significantly. The interaction effect model suggests that the link between ESG disclosure and financial performance is moderated by industry. However, this effect is greater for less sensitive industries. The results are robust to endogeneity.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>The study’s novelty lies in the use of the integrated “Stakeholder Capitalism Metrics”, which has not been previously used in any study to assess the ESG disclosure of corporates. To further distinguish itself, the moderating impact of high and less climate-sensitive industry firms on the ESG-financial performance link, which remains unexplored in the fast-emerging nation of India, is looked into.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":42832,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ethics and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141746137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring integrated reporting's influence on international firms' value relevance","authors":"Abir Hichri, Ahmad Alqatan","doi":"10.1108/ijoes-11-2023-0249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-11-2023-0249","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose\u0000Analyzing the impact of integrated reporting (IR) on international firms' value relevance, considering diverse information such as income, cash flows, risks, uncertainties and various capitals.\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This paper used a sample of 300 international companies between 2010 and 2019. This paper collected the data from the Thomson Reuters Eikon database. Quantitative methods were used to test the hypotheses. Furthermore, the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) method was performed to test the hypotheses.\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results suggest that IR and value relevance positively correlate, confirming the hypothesis. Moreover, this paper verified these results by conducting robustness tests on the contribution of the framework and guidelines prepared by the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC) in 2013.\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000This study enables users to evaluate company transparency and the relevance of disclosed nonfinancial information, providing valuable insights for report preparers and investors seeking profitable opportunities.\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The interest in this research was motivated by the authors’ research field, which is innovative, as few studies have been conducted to explain the relationship between IR and value relevance. Similarly, this paper incorporated into their analysis the importance of the framework created by the IIRC in 2013 in preparing and presenting an integrated report. This paper considered the contribution of this framework to the creation of information content. This design has been overlooked in previous studies. However, this paper mobilized the FGLS method, which has been little used in previous studies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42832,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ethics and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141640563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}