Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"A Validation Study of the CARS-2 Compared With the ADOS-2 in the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Suggestion for Cutoff Scores.","authors":"Seong-In Ji,&nbsp;Hyungseo Park,&nbsp;Sun Ah Yoon,&nbsp;Soon-Beom Hong","doi":"10.5765/jkacap.220027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined the validity of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Second Edition (CARS-2) compared with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) in identifying autism spectrum disorder (ASD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 237 children were tested using both the CARS-2 and ADOS-2. We examined the correlation using Pearson's correlation analysis. In addition, we used a receiver operating characteristic graph to determine the optimal standard version of the CARS-2 (CARS2-ST) cutoff score for ASD diagnosis using the ADOS-2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The concurrent validity of the CARS2-ST was demonstrated by a significant correlation with the ADOS-2 (r=0.864, p<0.001). The optimal CARS2-ST cutoff scores were 30 and 28.5 for identifying autism and autism spectrum, respectively, based on the ADOS-2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We suggest a newly derived CARS2-ST cutoff score of 28.5 for screening ASD and providing early intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":42806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a5/38/jkacap-34-1-45.PMC9816003.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10526336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting Mental Health Literacy at Schools in South Korea.","authors":"Jeewook Choi","doi":"10.5765/jkacap.220037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The onset of many lifelong mental illnesses is during childhood and adolescence. There has been an increase in these conditions among children and adolescents especially, during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is essential to promote mental health literacy (MHL) as a preventive and universal intervention for children and adolescents. Positive mental health status in adolescence is related to an increased level of MHL, and various MHL programs at schools have been reported to be effective for adolescent students worldwide. Recently, MHL programs have been developed in South Korea to be used by schoolteachers. There is a need for active dissemination and development of future programs. For continuous and effective education, it is desirable to include MHL education in regular school curricula.</p>","PeriodicalId":42806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/62/38/jkacap-34-1-15.PMC9816008.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10528329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Brand New Year.","authors":"Hee Jeong Yoo","doi":"10.5765/jkacap.220044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dd/51/jkacap-34-1-1.PMC9816005.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10516390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the School Mental Health Initiative Amid COVID-19.","authors":"Yong-Sil Kweon","doi":"10.5765/jkacap.220045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220045","url":null,"abstract":"The mental problems of children and adolescents have become an important mental health issue in most countries. Notably, 10%–20% of children are observed to have mental disorders, and over the past 10 years, the rates of self-injury and suicide have increased, and the frequency of emotional and behavioral problems have also increased. As it has become known that 50% of adult mental illnesses have their first onset before the age of 14 years, the importance of mental health at a young age and prevention and early intervention strategies have been strengthened [1]. In this context, since school is an educational system where most children and adolescents spend a lot of time, and at the same time is an optimal place to systemically provide mental health services, school-based mental health programs have been playing a central role in youth mental health promotion since the early 2000s in several countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the daily lives of most people around the world unprecedentedly and rapidly. Face-to-face activity restriction and social distancing strategies for high risk of infection, quarantine, and prevention of spreading the disease have had a greater impact on children and adolescents who are particularly vulnerable to social environment changes. Schooling, which plays a central role in daily life and the growth of students, has also undergone significant change. As we were confronted with school closure during the pandemic wave period, in accordance with national policies, classes and activities were replaced with unexpected homeschooling and online classes requiring considerable efforts from students, home, and school systems to adapt. The mental health of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic showed an increase in negative outcomes, such as elevated symptoms of depression, anxiety, suicide ideation, trauma, and decrease in well-being. The mental health risk factors related to the pandemic include a fear of COVID-19 infection, change in the academic environment, conflict with parents at home, and changes in a healthy lifestyle, such as decreased physical activity and home confinement, unstable daily routines, and increased screen time [2,3]. As the school closure period becomes longer, peer relation and disruption of connectedness with the school increases and school-based mental health service decreases, it results in difficulties to identify and intervene with students facing psychological difficulties, making it more difficult to address mental health problems than before COVID-19. Alternatively, when there is high social anxiety and difficulties in peer relations or a good family support system, school closure reduces the schooling burden of students and improves the mental health problems; therefore, the impact of lockdown needs to be observed in various ways depending on the individual differences and social context [4,5]. WHO and several countries have presented expert opinions in predicting the C","PeriodicalId":42806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/44/ce/jkacap-34-1-2.PMC9816001.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10519069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Group Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics in Children With Tourette's Disorder and Chronic Tic Disorder.","authors":"Na Ri Kang,&nbsp;Hui-Jeong Kim,&nbsp;Duk Soo Moon,&nbsp;Young Sook Kwack","doi":"10.5765/jkacap.220013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics (CBIT) is effective in children with chronic tic disorders. This study aimed to assess the effect of group-based CBIT (group-CBIT) on tic severity and comorbid symptoms. We compared the efficacy of group CBIT with that of a control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty children with chronic tic disorder or Tourette's disorder were enrolled in this study. Eighteen were assigned to the group-CBIT for eight sessions, and 12 were assigned to the control group. Tics and comorbid symptoms were assessed pre- and post-intervention using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Rating Scale-IV, Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, and the Korean-Children Behavioral Checklist. We compared the pre- and post-intervention results of each group and determined the difference in the pre- and post-intervention results between intervention and the control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The YGTSS motor and vocal tic interference, global impairment, and global severity scores decreased in the intervention group only. Group CBIT was superior in reducing the motor tic interference, impairment score, and global severity score to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The group-CBIT showed an improvement in tic symptoms, especially in reducing the level of interference and impairment of tics.</p>","PeriodicalId":42806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/49/6b/jkacap-33-4-91.PMC9513408.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33490755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considering Research Education During Psychiatry Training.","authors":"Hee Jeong Yoo","doi":"10.5765/jkacap.220028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b0/30/jkacap-33-4-83.PMC9513404.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33491162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Depressive Symptoms in Children and Adolescents With Epilepsy.","authors":"So Hyun Park,&nbsp;Hyang Woon Lee,&nbsp;Ga Eun Kim,&nbsp;Eui-Jung Kim","doi":"10.5765/jkacap.220015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the clinical and psychological factors influencing depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with epilepsy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We administered self-reported questionnaires assessing children's depressive symptoms (Children's Depression Inventory, CDI) and anxiety (Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, RCMAS) to children and adolescents with epilepsy (n=87, age range=6-17 years). We asked their parents to complete questionnaires on epilepsy-related variables, parental stress (Questionnaire on Resources and Stress, QRS), parental anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI), family functioning (Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale, FACES), children's attention problems (Abbreviated Conners Parent Rating Scale Revised, CPRS), and children's behavioral problems (Korean Child Behavior Checklist, K-CBCL). Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to identify predictive variables affecting depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Family adaptability (r=-0.240, p=0.026), family cohesion (r=-0.381, p<0.001), children's attention problems (r=0.290, p=0.006), children's anxiety (r=0.714, p<0.001), children's behavioral problems (r=0.371, p<0.001), parental anxiety (r=0.320, p=0.003), and parental stress (r=0.335, p=0.002) were significantly correlated with children's depressive symptoms. Children's anxiety (β=0.655, p<0.001) and parental stress (β=0.198, p=0.013) were significantly related to their depressive symptoms (adjusted R²=0.539).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinicians should detect and manage children's anxiety and parental stress, which may affect depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with epilepsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":42806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e9/d9/jkacap-33-4-106.PMC9513405.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33490757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediating Role of Depression Severity on the Relationship Between Suicidal Ideation and Self-Injury in Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Byungjoo Kang,&nbsp;Jaeuk Hwang,&nbsp;Sung-Il Woo,&nbsp;Sang-Woo Hahn,&nbsp;Minjae Kim,&nbsp;Younggeun Kim,&nbsp;Hyeonseo Jin,&nbsp;Hong Jun Jeon,&nbsp;Yeon Jung Lee","doi":"10.5765/jkacap.220014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Suicide is the leading cause of death among adolescents in South Korea, and depression and personality profiles have been identified as significant risk factors for self-injurious behavior. This study examined the influence of depressive mood and temperament/ character on self-injury in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 116 adolescents (aged 12-18 years) with a primary diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and their parents were enrolled in this study. The participants were divided into three groups based on adolescent's self-injury frequency, and their Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), Youth Self-Report (YSR), and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) scores were compared. Finally, mediation analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between suicidal ideation and self-injury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of study participants, 75.9% answered that they had suicidal ideation, and 55.2% answered that they had engaged in self-injurious behavior in the last six months. There were significant differences in CDI and suicidal ideation among the groups. After adjusting for age and sex, mediation analysis indicated that depressive mood mediated the relationship between suicidal ideation and self-injury.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study emphasizes the importance of evaluating and managing depressive mood severity in adolescents with MDD as these factors partially mediate the transition from suicidal ideation to self-injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":42806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e6/57/jkacap-33-4-99.PMC9513406.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33491160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding of Holding Environment Through the Trajectory of Donald Woods Winnicott.","authors":"Geon Ho Bahn","doi":"10.5765/jkacap.220022","DOIUrl":"10.5765/jkacap.220022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personal life and achievements are the process and result of a person's past, present, and future interacting with each other. In this regard, if one fully understands the life and background of the person who developed the theory of psychoanalysis, one can understand and use the theory more appropriately. The holding environment theory developed by Donald Woods Winnicott is useful for understanding the process by which infants grow healthy under the care of a mother who is good enough. In this paper, the background of the birth of the holding environment theory is reviewed based on Winnicott's developmental background and marital life. He grew up with a holding environment from good enough 'multiple mothers'. Born with excellent athletic ability and musical talent, he was more curious than anyone else and particularly active in discovering new things. After the unhappy first marriage, Claire Britton's second marriage was happy academically and personally. Claire was a fellow paediatric psychoanalyst who published Winnicott's research and theories after his death. Psychoanalysis or psychotherapy itself can be a holding environment, and the holding environment theory can be applied to various fields in the digital era.</p>","PeriodicalId":42806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/10/jkacap-33-4-84.PMC9513407.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33490756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Difference in the Quality of Life of Korean Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Between Before and After COVID-19.","authors":"Jung-Hoon Lee,&nbsp;Seri Maeng,&nbsp;Jeong-Seop Lee,&nbsp;Jae-Nam Bae,&nbsp;Won-Hyoung Kim,&nbsp;Hyeyoung Kim","doi":"10.5765/jkacap.220019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.220019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to compare the quality of life (QoL) of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) before and during coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and to examine how their QoL is affected by emotional and environmental factors during COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants in the pre-COVID-19 (n=43) and COVID-19 (n=36) groups were recruited from the same university hospital. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 4.0 Child Self-report, the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS), the PedsQL 4.0 Parent Proxy Report, and the Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) were employed. Independent t-tests, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Caregivers assessed the children's QoL more negatively than the children themselves in both groups. Children with ADHD evaluated their physical function more negatively and anxiety was significantly higher in the COVID-19 group. In the COVID-19 group, the PedsQL child self-report was significantly predicted by the CPRS, the CDI, and environmental factors (i.e., relation to child and monthly household income).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with ADHD in the COVID-19 group had a numerically lower QoL and significantly higher anxiety. To improve QoL, it is important to deal with not only depression but also ADHD symptoms and environmental factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":42806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8c/b4/jkacap-33-4-113.PMC9513409.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33491161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}