Japan Architectural Review最新文献_第10页

Effects of various environmental grades on thermal comfort in semi-outdoor spaces 不同环境等级对半室外空间热舒适的影响

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Japan Architectural Review Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1002/2475-8876.12414

Yuta Fukawa, Yuyuko Watanabe, Yutaro Ogawa, Ryo Hisayama, Akihisa Nomoto, Junta Nakano, Jun Nakagawa, Shin-ichi Tanabe

{"title":"Effects of various environmental grades on thermal comfort in semi-outdoor spaces","authors":"Yuta Fukawa, Yuyuko Watanabe, Yutaro Ogawa, Ryo Hisayama, Akihisa Nomoto, Junta Nakano, Jun Nakagawa, Shin-ichi Tanabe","doi":"10.1002/2475-8876.12414","DOIUrl":"10.1002/2475-8876.12414","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of semi-outdoor spaces to urban spaces and offices has increased in recent years. In previous studies, environmental grade has been defined as the level of control for the thermal environment set for an architectural space based on the use, where “semi-outdoor environment” is an environmental grade division that exists as a gradation between indoors and outdoors. This study aims to clarify effects of various environmental grades on thermal comfort. Field surveys were conducted in five semi-outdoor spaces in Tokyo from 9 to 25 September 2021, consisting of thermal environment measurement, questionnaires about thermal comfort and impression of surveyed spaces and real-time sensation voting. By impression evaluation and comparison of the regression curves of standard new effective temperature (SET*) against percentage of “uncomfortably warm,” the surveyed spaces were classified into two categories: “outdoor tendency” and “indoor tendency.” The difference in thermal comfort for the diverse semi-outdoor environment could be evaluated by the difference in spatial characteristics such as “sense of weight” of the top surface in addition to the difference in environment control. By regression analysis of real-time sensation voting result using hierarchical Bayesian approach, environmental grade was clarified to affect the correlation between pleasantness/unpleasantness and air velocity.","PeriodicalId":42793,"journal":{"name":"Japan Architectural Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/2475-8876.12414","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135210960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Typology on exterior design of townhouses in a World Cultural Heritage Site of a Nepali City 尼泊尔某城市世界文化遗产地联排别墅外观设计的类型学研究

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Japan Architectural Review Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1002/2475-8876.12411

Asuka Hamaoka, Naohiko Yamamoto, Tetsuya Yoshida, Anri Miyauchi, Masaya Masui, Yoichi Mukai

引用次数: 0

A design tool for globally developable discrete architectural surfaces using Ricci flow 基于Ricci流的可全局开发离散建筑曲面设计工具

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Japan Architectural Review Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1002/2475-8876.12410

Jingyao Zhang, Makoto Ohsaki

{"title":"A design tool for globally developable discrete architectural surfaces using Ricci flow","authors":"Jingyao Zhang, Makoto Ohsaki","doi":"10.1002/2475-8876.12410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2475-8876.12410","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an approach for the design of discrete architectural surfaces that are globally developable; that is, having zero Gaussian curvature at every interior node. This kind of architectural surface is particularly suitable for fast fabrication at a low cost, since their curved geometry can be developed into a plane. This highly non-linear design problem is broken down into two sub-problems: (1) find the member lengths of a triangular mesh that lead to zero Gaussian curvature, by employing the discrete surface Ricci flow developed in the field of discrete differential geometry; (2) realize the final geometry by solving an optimization problem, subject to the constraints on member lengths as well as the given boundary. It is demonstrated by the numerical examples that both of these two sub-problems can be solved with small computational costs and sufficient accuracy. In addition, the Ricci flow algorithm has an attractive feature—the final design is conformal to the initial one. Conformality could result in higher structural performance, because the shape of each panel is kept as close as possible to its initial design, suppressing possible distortion of the panels. This paper further presents an improved circle packing scheme implemented in the discrete surface Ricci flow to achieve better conformality, while keeping its simplicity in algorithm implementation as in the existing Thurston's scheme .","PeriodicalId":42793,"journal":{"name":"Japan Architectural Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/2475-8876.12410","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50148110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acquisition of land by foreigners in Kobe zakkyochi during the Meiji era 明治时代外国人在神户市征用土地

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Japan Architectural Review Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1002/2475-8876.12412

Yoshika Yamasaki

{"title":"Acquisition of land by foreigners in Kobe zakkyochi during the Meiji era","authors":"Yoshika Yamasaki","doi":"10.1002/2475-8876.12412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2475-8876.12412","url":null,"abstract":"This study identifies some of the distinctive characteristics of the land acquired by foreigners in the zakkyochi (mixed-residential areas) of Kobe, Japan, during the Meiji era, and explores the various means by which foreigners were able to acquire this land. The primary focus is on Kitano-cho and Yamamoto-dori, a well-known residential area for foreigners, where ijinkan (historical Western-style residences) still stand to this day. By law, foreigners in zakkyochi were given only the right to lease land from Japanese citizens and the Japanese government. Nonetheless, foreigners such as E.H. Hunter expanded the area available to them by using the names of Japanese relatives. Although Japanese women who married foreigners were also prohibited from owning land, this restriction did not apply to their children. Thus, in the case of E.H. Hunter, a significant portion of the land he acquired was acquired in the name of his children, primarily in areas adjacent to the mountains, excluding the sites of graveyards and villages. Indeed, it was generally the case that the land used by foreigners in Kobe was concentrated in the hilly areas with good views that did not serve as graveyards or village sites.","PeriodicalId":42793,"journal":{"name":"Japan Architectural Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/2475-8876.12412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50148113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on a simplified model of a high-rise shear-type building for evaluation of Q–Δ resonance 用于评估Q–Δ共振的高层剪切型建筑简化模型研究

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Japan Architectural Review Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1002/2475-8876.12406

Ryosuke Anamizu, Masayuki Kohiyama

引用次数: 0

Historical determinants of street connectivity in Japanese cities: Relationship between Japanese castle town formation, war damage, and space syntax integration value 日本城市街道连通性的历史决定因素：日本城堡城镇形成、战争破坏和空间句法整合价值之间的关系

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Japan Architectural Review Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/2475-8876.12408

Reo Watanabe, Tomoya Hanibuchi, Ryoko Yamamoto, Tomoki Nakaya

{"title":"Historical determinants of street connectivity in Japanese cities: Relationship between Japanese castle town formation, war damage, and space syntax integration value","authors":"Reo Watanabe, Tomoya Hanibuchi, Ryoko Yamamoto, Tomoki Nakaya","doi":"10.1002/2475-8876.12408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2475-8876.12408","url":null,"abstract":"Are street networks today dependent on history? This question is significant when considering the determinants of street connectivity and the potential for intervention toward walkable street networks. This study investigates the associations of two historical events—castle town origination and war damage during World War II (WWII)—with the street connectivity of 803 Japanese cities. We used the space syntax theory to measure street connectivity and conducted multiple linear regression analyses to determine the aforementioned associations. The results showed that street connectivity today tends to be low in cities that originated from castle towns and high in cities that suffered heavy damage during WWII. This may be due to complicated street networks that were constructed intentionally in castle towns to defend their territory from invasion. The remaining irregular layouts may have directly and indirectly influenced today's street networks. Furthermore, in the cities that suffered heavy war damage, the “postwar reconstruction city plan” was enforced to reconstruct affected areas, which may have improved street connectivity. These findings highlight the significance of historical events in the consideration of street connectivity determinants and the development of interventions to enhance them.","PeriodicalId":42793,"journal":{"name":"Japan Architectural Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/2475-8876.12408","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50148185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strength of bolted steel structural members under eccentric tension 偏心拉力作用下螺栓连接钢结构构件的强度

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Japan Architectural Review Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/2475-8876.12409

Kazuma Nagasato, Kikuo Ikarashi, Kazuya Mitsui

引用次数: 0

Design process of the Memorial Cathedral for World Peace (1954), Hiroshima, by Togo Murano (Part 2): Formal manipulations observed in the design of Xavier Hall (1949) 广岛世界和平纪念大教堂（1954年）的设计过程，作者：Togo Murano（下）：Xavier Hall（1949年）设计中的形式操作

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Japan Architectural Review Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1002/2475-8876.12407

Yoshito Tomioka, Chikako Tabata

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Distribution characteristics of residences for elderly people with services in the greater Tokyo area based on the residents' care level 基于居民护理水平的大东京地区老年人服务住宅分布特征