Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health最新文献

{"title":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Adolescent Girls Infected with COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Anandu Suresh, Sindhu Shankar Shivanna, P. Satyanarayana","doi":"10.1177/09731342221096491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342221096491","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pandemics are known to cause an increase in the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current COVID-19 pandemic has led to a surge in the same along with other problems such as anxiety and depression. Aim: To find out the prevalence of PTSD and other mental health abnormalities among adolescent girls who have contracted COVID-19 infection and the factors associated with it. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out for 6 months at RL Jalappa Hospital and Research Center, Kolar. Adolescent girls infected with COVID-19 were included. A total of 100 girls took part in the study after matching inclusion and exclusion criteria. To assess for PTSD, the Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview-KID (MINI-KID) and CPSS-5 Interviewer Version (CPSS 5-I) questionnaire were used. Data entered in Microsoft office excel were analyzed using SPSS v 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). To check for the association between factors, chi-square test was applied. Results: The majority of girls were aged 18 years, belonged to nuclear families, and had a hospital stay for 7 days to14 days. About 15% of the girls had PTSD diagnosed using two tools. Panic disorder and separation anxiety were commonly seen. Duration of COVID symptoms adolescent girls had before being diagnosed with COVID-19 by RT-PCR and duration of the hospital stay along with symptoms like throat pain, headache, and diarrhea were a few clinical factors that had a statistically significant association with PTSD. Mental health screening seems to be disregarded in COVID-19 cases. COVID-19 can be a traumatic stressor event among adolescents which can elicit PTSD-like responses and also exacerbate mental health problems. Conclusions: Early screening for PTSD or other mental health abnormalities among adolescents post COVID-19 infection should be considered.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"82 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47975822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet Gaming Disorder: A Real Disorder or a Way of Coping? A Case Series","authors":"Shipra Singh, Nitin B. Raut","doi":"10.1177/09731342221096470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342221096470","url":null,"abstract":"Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is frequently associated with comorbid psychological issues, and apparently, there exists a bidirectional relationship that either of them predisposes the other. It still remains an enigma whether IGD is an individual entity or a coping mechanism. Here, we aim to describe IGD in 4 adolescent males with comorbid psychiatric or psychosocial conditions using a developmental approach and to bring out different interplays between gaming behavior, psychopathology, and environment. This article also aims at exploring how IGD can be understood as a way of coping with another psychological condition, identifying which could be a key factor in the management.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"100 - 103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43148771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Resilience Among Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse in Institutional Care in Kerala, India","authors":"T. Thomas, Samuel George, U. A. Sarma, Biju Prabhakar, J. Menon","doi":"10.1177/09731342221096497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342221096497","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a trauma that creates havoc in the personal and social lives of CSA survivors. The survivors in Kerala, India, struggle amidst the cultural background that silences CSA. Rehabilitation efforts in the state are channelized through government-run shelter homes that serve as the second home for CSA survivors. Aim: This study aims to examine the role of emotional health and sociodemographic factors in predicting resilience among CSA survivors under institutional care in Kerala. Method: We used a correlational research design with purposive sampling. From shelter homes in Kerala, 267 female participants (age range: 10-18 years, mean age: 16 years) were recruited. A personal data sheet and an emotional health questionnaire (EHQ) were used to collect data. Spearman rank correlation coefficient, linear regression, Kruskal–Wallis H test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Dunn’s post hoc test were used to analyze data. Results: Positive relationships among the emotional health variables namely aggression, anxiety, and depression were found, whereas a negative relationship existed between these variables and resilience. Further analyses found that the emotional health variables significantly predicted the resilience among survivors of CSA. In addition, there exists significant differences in resilience based on sociodemographic variables, such as age, duration of stay, and friendships, but resilience did not vary based on the religion and birthplace of survivors. Conclusion: Results suggest that participants experience moderate levels of emotional distress. Provision for integrated psychological support is recommended in the present rehabilitation process in Kerala. The mentoring relationships developed in the institutions are found to be instrumental in building confidence and hope in the participants, which is reflected in the trends in their resilience scores.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"54 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43229934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Problems and Their Associations with Digital Screen Exposure Among 2 to 5 Years Old Children in Chandigarh, a North Indian Union Territory","authors":"Nimran Kaur, M. Gupta, T. Kiran, P. Malhi, S. Grover","doi":"10.1177/09731342221096488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342221096488","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Watching television and other electronic devices can adversely affect children’s sleep. This study aims to ascertain the association of sleep problems with digital screen exposure (DSE) among 2- to 5-year-old children in Chandigarh, India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 randomly selected families having 2- to 5-year-old children, using a validated DSE questionnaire and the standard child’s sleep habits questionnaire abbreviated, from October 2017 to March 2018. The American and Indian Academy of Pediatrics guidelines were used to define higher DSE as more than 1 h per day. The multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Macintosh, Version 26.0 (IBM Corp., New York, USA), to identify significant predictors of sleep problems. Results: Boys (51.5%) and girls (48.5%) were equally represented. On average, children (3.5 ± 0.9 years) slept for 10 ± 1.6 h per day. Bedtime sleep resistance (15.1% vs 11%) and sleep behavior problems (11.8% vs 5.6%) were significantly (P < .05) higher among children with higher DSE than children having DSE of less than 1 h per day. The significant predictors of sleep problems were children living in a nuclear family (adjOR = 2.4, CI [1.1, 5.3]), watching non-educational digital media content (adjOR = 2.6, 2.36, CI [1.1, 6.2]), and absence of digital media rules at home (adjOR = 3.9, CI [1.3, 12]). In the subgroup analysis, children having higher DSE (adjOR = 2.4, CI [1.1, 4.9]) had a significantly greater probability of bedtime resistance, and those living in a nuclear family (adjOR = 1.7, CI [1.1, 2.7]) had a significantly greater probability of morning waking-up problems. Conclusion: Sleep problems were significantly associated with higher DSE among young children in Chandigarh, India.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"45 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46795340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Adolescents with Early Recovery Stage of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome or Catatonia","authors":"V. Koparde, A. Pradeep, V. Shivakumar, A. Bose, H. Chhabra, K. V. Sagar, G. Venkatasubramanian, S. Girimaji","doi":"10.1177/09731342221109965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342221109965","url":null,"abstract":"There are limited options to treat psychotic symptoms during early recovery stage of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) and catatonic symptoms in adolescents because of restrictions on the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Add-on transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) treatment twice daily for five consecutive days showed improvement in auditory–visual hallucinations and cognitive and bio-social functioning during early recovery stages of NMS in an adolescent. The use of tDCS in another adolescent diagnosed with severe depressive episode with psychotic symptoms and catatonia showed improvement in staring, mutism, rigidity, and interaction with add-on tDCS. The improvement observed lasted for a short duration and tDCS treatment was well tolerated without any severe adverse effect.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"107 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43427715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: A. Rukadikar and M. P. Rukadikar. Mental Disorders and You","authors":"A. Singh","doi":"10.1177/09731342221096338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342221096338","url":null,"abstract":"A. Rukadikar and M. P. Rukadikar. Mental Disorders and You, 2nd edn. (816 pp.; ₹900.0). A. Rukadikar: Miraj; 2021.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"111 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43464170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Malay Version of Peer Pressure Scale Questionnaire-Revised","authors":"Muhamad Afiq Zulkifly, S. Wahab, Amirul Danial Azmi, S. Awang, N. Mustaffa, Norhayati Ibrahim, N. Kadir","doi":"10.1177/09731342221096501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342221096501","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adolescence is a critical period of transition from childhood to adulthood and involves changes in a child’s biological, emotional, and social aspects. An adolescent’s behavior and actions are largely impacted by peer pressure. The Peer Pressure Scale Questionnaire-Revised (PPSQ-r) is a tool for assessing the susceptibility of adolescents to peer pressure. Aims: This study aimed to translate and validate PPSQ-r for examining the impact of peer pressure among Malaysian adolescents. Methods: A forward-backward translation was executed in accordance with the established guidelines. The face validity of the questionnaire was assessed by a panel of experts from the relevant fields. 25 items of the questionnaire were tested for principal component analysis (PCA), and internal consistency was appraised via Cronbach’s α. Results: A total of 143 respondents among selected secondary school students were used in this study. The age range of the respondents was 13 to 18 years, with a mean age of 15 (SD = 1.316). One component was extracted via PCA, and one item was removed because of poor factor loading. 24 retained items exhibited excellent reliability with Cronbach’s α value of 0.932. The mean score for the PPSQ-r Malay version was 42.88 (SD = 16.57). Conclusion: PPSQ-r Malay version is reliable and valid as a peer pressure assessment tool among adolescents in Malaysia. However, the development of the norms based on the Malaysian adolescent population is recommended for risk classifications.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"29 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48656477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion, Cognition, and COVID-19: A Study Exploring the Association Between Fear of COVID-19 Intolerance of Uncertainty and Decision-Making in Indian Adolescents","authors":"Divesha Goyal, U. Sharma","doi":"10.1177/09731342221096479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342221096479","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fear and uncertainty are the 2 ingredients of psychological challenges brought about by coronavirus (COVID-19). Fear and intolerance of uncertainty can affect decision-making. Because of the pandemic and owing to their phase of cognitive development, adolescents are more susceptible to such influence. Objective: To explore and understand the effects of COVID-19 on emotion and cognition by investigating the association between fear of COVID-19, intolerance for uncertainty, and decision-making in Indian adolescents. Method: The sample constituted 136 Indian adolescents aged 15 to 19 years. The sampling technique used was a nonprobability sampling technique called snowball sampling. The sample was collected through an online platform, ie, WhatsApp, Facebook, and most responses were received from Delhi, Sirsa (Haryana), and Chandigarh. The tools administered were the fear of COVID-19 scale (FCVS-19), the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS-12), and the adolescent decision-making questionnaire (ADMQ). Correlational, regression, and mediational analyses were conducted to study the associations and interactions between the 3 study variables. Results: The sample consisted of 51.5% females and 48.5% males. The correlational analysis reported significant positive relationships between fear of COVID-19, intolerance of uncertainty, and maladaptive decision-making. Further, mediation analysis reported: (a) the intolerance of uncertainty mediates the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and maladaptive decision-making patterns and (b) fear of COVID-19 mediates the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and maladaptive decision-making patterns. Conclusion: The findings indicated that emotions experienced by adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic could have a negative and significant effect on their decision-making. Thus, it is necessary to mitigate these effects to ensure optimal development of their cognitive skills during calamities such as the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"92 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42214240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional and behavioral screening of in-school adolescents in Udupi taluk, Southern India","authors":"Snigdha Das, V. Sekaran, S. Phadnis, Gayathri Byloppilly","doi":"10.1177/0973134220210413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973134220210413","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Objectives: Adolescence is a crucial phase in life. This study explores the emotional and behavioral problems in adolescents and factors associated with them. Methods: A total of 659 adolescents, comprising 273 females and 386 males in the age group of 14 to16 years, participated in the study. Two-stage stratified clustered sampling was used to screen the population. Strengths & Difficulty Questionnaire [SDQ] was used to assess adolescents' behavior and mental problems. Results: Emotional problems predominated among female adolescents. Total difficulty scores [36.3%] were higher among male adolescents [38.1%] versus female participants [33.7%]. Apart from the total difficulty score and hyperactivity subdomains, all the other subdomains were significantly associated with the gender of the participant. On assessing for the association between school strata and subdomains of SDQ, it was observed that conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer problems, and total difficulty scores were significantly associated at p<0.001. Conclusion: Our study findings indicate that a higher proportion of the in-school adolescents have scored in the abnormal range. It has also been observed that male adolescents had a higher rate of","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"17 1","pages":"200 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41486042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological and emotional response to Lockdown in children during the ongoing pandemic COVID-19 in urban areas of Jaipur","authors":"Khushboo Bairwa, Sumit Gakkhar, Supriya Mathur, Poonam Garg","doi":"10.1177/0973134220210406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973134220210406","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In the year 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic created havoc in people's lives across the entire world. The pandemic created fear and uncertainty, and Lockdowns were enforced for containment of the disease, impacting the general population's mental well-being as well. The dearth of studies on the subject, particularly on Children and adolescents, creates a vacuum of information which hinders the strategy formulation for effective handling of such issues. Aim: The research aimed to study the psychological impact of Lockdown on children & adolescents in tier 2 city of India. Methods: The study was conducted through online surveys in the city of Jaipur in Rajasthan state of India using the Snowball sampling technique. The Study group included children between the age of 6 to 16 years and assessment of the mental well-being of the participants were done using Short Mood &Feeling Questionnaire (SMFQ). Result: A total of 301 valid responses were received, from which 38 (12.22%) children scored high on SMFQ wherein female adolescents scored higher than males. A total of 10 out 21 children with a history of medical illness scored high on SMFQ and a total of 2 out of 4 children with a past history of psychiatric illness scored high on SMFQ. The data analysis revealed that most of the children struggled with feelings of restlessness, fatigue, unhappiness, and difficulty in concentration. Conclusion: Lockdown has affected mental well-being of both children and adolescents. The impact was observed equally in both groups wherein those with psychiatric history were affected more than others in the 6-11 years age group (Children) and those with medical history were affected more than others in the 11-16 years age group (Adolescents). Immediate attention is needed for alleviation of mental burnout in children and adolescents considering already inadequate interventions in the matter and the ongoing nature of the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"17 1","pages":"85 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43284412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}