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Delegation and Devolution After Brexit: A Revised Theory of Intergovernmental Policymaking 英国脱欧后的授权与权力下放:政府间政策制定理论的修正
PSN: Trade Policy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-11-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3484512
Anthony M. Bertelli, Giulia Leila Travaglini, N. Palma
{"title":"Delegation and Devolution After Brexit: A Revised Theory of Intergovernmental Policymaking","authors":"Anthony M. Bertelli, Giulia Leila Travaglini, N. Palma","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3484512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3484512","url":null,"abstract":"British institutions allow the central government to make the key choices regarding the devolution of EU powers, but what incentives does it face when choosing whether to centralize or devolve authority post-Brexit? We offer a formal theory of the delegation and devolution of powers under both \"hard\" and \"soft\" Brexit scenarios that produces four main findings. First, when structural independence is less effective in reducing policy drift and incentivizing expertise for both European and territorial agents, hard Brexit yields more devolved policy-making. Second, however, the extent to which structural independence decreases policy drift and capacity acquisition does not influence the devolution choice of the central government. Third, if Westminster does not see a clear difference in the effect of independence on drift or expertise in the European or regional agencies, territorial agencies will enjoy at least as much independence as they did pre-Brexit. Fourth, a soft Brexit will lead to a decrease in devolution and structural independence compared with pre-Brexit levels. We also argue that technical policies will experience more devolved authority, while ideological policies will be more centralized.","PeriodicalId":426783,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Trade Policy (Topic)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131314143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Le rôle des investissements publics sur l’emploi des femmes sénégalaises dans un contexte de libéralisation commerciale (The Role of Public Investment on Women's Employment in Senegal during Trade Liberalization) 公共投资在贸易自由化背景下对塞内加尔妇女就业的作用(贸易自由化期间公共投资对塞内加尔妇女就业的作用)
PSN: Trade Policy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-09-17 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3455289
S. Mboup, Baurice Younouss Diedhiou, C. Joshi, Olivier Beaumais
{"title":"Le rôle des investissements publics sur l’emploi des femmes sénégalaises dans un contexte de libéralisation commerciale (The Role of Public Investment on Women's Employment in Senegal during Trade Liberalization)","authors":"S. Mboup, Baurice Younouss Diedhiou, C. Joshi, Olivier Beaumais","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3455289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3455289","url":null,"abstract":"<b>French Abstract:</b> Dans l’esprit des travaux récents sur les effets de genre de la libéralisation commerciale, ce papier explore l’impact de la mise en œuvre de l’Accord de Partenariat Economique (APE) entre l’Afrique de l’Ouest et l’Union Européenne sur l’emploi des femmes au Sénégal. En particulier, nous étudions comment une politique d’investissements publics ciblés pourrait protéger les secteurs les plus intensifs en main-d’œuvre féminine d’une concurrence accrue des produits européens. À l’aide d’une modélisation en équilibre général calculable nous montrons ainsi qu’une augmentation des investissements publics dans les secteurs les plus touchés par la mise en œuvre de l’APE agit positivement sur le taux de chômage des femmes et leur taux de salaire. <br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> In the spirit of recent work on the gender effects of trade liberalisation, this paper explores the impact of the implementation of the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between West Africa and the European Union on women's employment in Senegal. In particular, we study how a targeted public investment policy could protect the most female labour-intensive sectors from increased competition from European products. Using a computable general equilibrium approach, we show that an increase in public investment in the sectors most affected by the implementation of the EPA has a positive impact on women's unemployment rate and wage rates.","PeriodicalId":426783,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Trade Policy (Topic)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116887690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
U.S. Trade Policy Uncertainty and Expected Stock Returns of Chinese Listed Companies 美国贸易政策不确定性与中国上市公司股票预期收益
PSN: Trade Policy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-09-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3620040
Yuexiang Jiang, Yiming Dai, Huaigang Long, Yanjian Zhu
{"title":"U.S. Trade Policy Uncertainty and Expected Stock Returns of Chinese Listed Companies","authors":"Yuexiang Jiang, Yiming Dai, Huaigang Long, Yanjian Zhu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3620040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3620040","url":null,"abstract":"Our study is the first to examine the pricing effect of U.S. trade policy uncertainty (TPU) on Chinese stocks. We estimate the U.S. TPU beta, which measures Chinese stock exposure to the U.S. TPU index. Both portfolio analyses and cross-sectional regressions suggest a significantly negative relation between the U.S. TPU beta and expected returns, which cannot be explained by other pricing factors. The stocks in the lowest U.S. TPU beta quintile can generate 3.48% higher annual returns compared to stocks in the highest U.S. TPU beta quintile. Furthermore, we provide two potential mechanisms that include a real economy channel and a behavioral finance channel using vector autoregression models. Our results indicate that the negative premium can be explained by both demanding more of high TPU beta stocks in hedging against adverse effects from TPU and selling more of low TPU beta stocks due to pessimistic beliefs of noise trader.","PeriodicalId":426783,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Trade Policy (Topic)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128240328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
U.S. Trade Policy in Historical Perspective 历史视角下的美国贸易政策
PSN: Trade Policy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.3386/w26256
D. Irwin
{"title":"U.S. Trade Policy in Historical Perspective","authors":"D. Irwin","doi":"10.3386/w26256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26256","url":null,"abstract":"This survey reviews the broad changes in U.S. trade policy over the course of the nation’s history. Import tariffs have been the main instrument of trade policy and have had three main purposes: to raise revenue for the government, to restrict imports and protect domestic producers from foreign competition, and to reach reciprocity agreements that reduce trade barriers. These three objectives – revenue, restriction, and reciprocity – accord with three consecutive periods in history when one of them was predominant. The political economy of these tariffs has been driven by the interaction between political and economic geography, namely, the location of trade-related economic interests in different regions and the political power of those regions in Congress. The paper also addresses the impact of trade policies on the U.S. economy, such as the welfare costs of tariffs, the role of protectionism in fostering American industrialization, and the relationship between the Smoot-Hawley tariff and the Great Depression of the 1930s.","PeriodicalId":426783,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Trade Policy (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128761411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Modelling of Trade Relations between EU Countries by the Method of Minimum Spanning Trees 基于最小生成树方法的欧盟国家间贸易关系建模
PSN: Trade Policy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.2991/smtesm-19.2019.43
H. Danylchuk, Oksana Ivanylova, L. Kibalnyk, O. Kovtun, T. Melnyk, O. Serdiuk, V. Zaselskiy
{"title":"Modelling of Trade Relations between EU Countries by the Method of Minimum Spanning Trees","authors":"H. Danylchuk, Oksana Ivanylova, L. Kibalnyk, O. Kovtun, T. Melnyk, O. Serdiuk, V. Zaselskiy","doi":"10.2991/smtesm-19.2019.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/smtesm-19.2019.43","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the study of international flows of goods and services, modeling of the structure of trade relations between countries. The rapid development of international economic relations and the formation of various integration associations encourage the identification of structural links and their reformatting due to the influence of destabilizing factors. The study is based on one of the methods of cluster analysis, namely the method of construction of minimum spanning trees. The article analyzes the dynamics of European Union volumes for the period from 2000 to 2018. The influence of such factors as the integration of new member countries and the world financial crises on the structure of trade relations is substantiated. Changes in the structure of relations between the EU countries due to the influence of these factors are modeled. It is noted that there is a reformatting of links, especially in times of crisis, minimal spanning trees have more orderly structure. This can be used as an indicator of crisis phenomena. In addition, it has been proven that the accession of new member states to the EU leads to changes in the structure of trade relations that can be both positive and negative. The study has an applied nature and can be used in the future as a methodological basis for the development of effective mechanisms for reformatting trade relations between countries in the context of geo-economic transformations and global financial crises.","PeriodicalId":426783,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Trade Policy (Topic)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125431353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
EU’s New Anti-dumping Methodology and The End of The Non-Market Economy Dispute? 欧盟新反倾销方法与非市场经济争端的终结?
PSN: Trade Policy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-07-20 DOI: 10.54648/gtcj2019048
S. Noël, Weihuan Zhou
{"title":"EU’s New Anti-dumping Methodology and The End of The Non-Market Economy Dispute?","authors":"S. Noël, Weihuan Zhou","doi":"10.54648/gtcj2019048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2019048","url":null,"abstract":"The EU’s New Anti-Dumping (‘AD’) Methodology effectively maintains the long-standing distinction between market economies and non-market economies (‘NMEs’) and continues the entrenched practice of treating China discriminatively in AD actions. China challenged this discriminatory treatment immediately after the expiry of the relevant parts of section 15 of its World Trade Organization (WTO) Accession Protocol which permits such practices purportedly for fifteen years only. For unknown reasons, China decided to suspend the panel proceedings before the panel report was about to be released. While the suspension means that WTO Members including the EU may continue their existing AD practices against China, it would not stop China from retaliating against such discriminatory treatment. More significantly, the suspension does not mean the end of the dispute as China is likely to pursue it once the appellate function of the WTO is revived.","PeriodicalId":426783,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Trade Policy (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128951020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Internal Trade in Canada: Case for Liberalization 加拿大内部贸易:自由化的案例
PSN: Trade Policy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.5089/9781498326650.001
Jorge Alvarez, Ivo Krznar, Trevor Tombe
{"title":"Internal Trade in Canada: Case for Liberalization","authors":"Jorge Alvarez, Ivo Krznar, Trevor Tombe","doi":"10.5089/9781498326650.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781498326650.001","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the costs of internal trade barriers and proposes policies to improve internal trade. Estimates suggest that complete liberalization of internal trade in goods can increase GDP per capita by about 4 percent and reallocate employment towards provinces that experience large productivity gains from trade. The positive impact highlights the need for federal, provincial and territorial governments to work together to reduce internal trade barriers. There is significant scope to build on the new Canadian Free Trade Agreement to more explicitly identify key trade restrictions, resolve differences, and agree on cooperative solutions.","PeriodicalId":426783,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Trade Policy (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129454485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Protectionism under Trump: The China Shock, Intolerance, and the 'First White President' 特朗普领导下的保护主义:中国冲击、不宽容和“第一位白人总统”
PSN: Trade Policy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3411658
M. Noland
{"title":"Protectionism under Trump: The China Shock, Intolerance, and the 'First White President'","authors":"M. Noland","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3411658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3411658","url":null,"abstract":"In 2016, the United States elected an avowedly protectionist president. This paper uses US county-level electoral data to examine this outcome. The hypothesis that support for protectionism was purely a response to globalization is rejected. Exposure to trade competition encouraged a shift to the Republican candidate, but this effect is mediated by race, diversity, education, and age. If the turn toward protectionism is due to economic dislocation, then public policy interventions could mitigate the impact and support the reestablishment of a political consensus for open trade. If, however, the drivers are identity or cultural values, then the scope for constructive policy intervention is unclear.","PeriodicalId":426783,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Trade Policy (Topic)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123463478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
From NAFTA to USMCA and the Evolution of US Trade Policy 从NAFTA到USMCA与美国贸易政策的演变
PSN: Trade Policy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-06-25 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3369291
Dan Ciuriak
{"title":"From NAFTA to USMCA and the Evolution of US Trade Policy","authors":"Dan Ciuriak","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3369291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3369291","url":null,"abstract":"The Trump Administration has pursued a sharply different – and for its trade partners unsettling – trade policy from that followed by the United States in the postwar period. While much attention has been focussed on the oftentimes contradictory, oftentimes theoretically unfounded, and oftentimes undiplomatically aggressive manner in which that policy has been implemented, nonetheless, the policy contains a coherent if not necessarily desirable or achievable vision for the US economy. Moreover, the USMCA implements this policy in a systematic, lawyerly, iron-clad, and frankly brutal fashion. This note outlines the case for these claims and comments on the implications of the agreement for the future of the trading system -- and more particularly for the North American economies – as distinct from the North American economy.","PeriodicalId":426783,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Trade Policy (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133227249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
WTO Legal Reform: The Need for Revisiting the Treatment Accorded to China as a Non-Market Economy in Trade Remedies WTO法律改革:重新审视贸易救济中给予中国非市场经济待遇的必要性
PSN: Trade Policy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3407724
L. Ramírez
{"title":"WTO Legal Reform: The Need for Revisiting the Treatment Accorded to China as a Non-Market Economy in Trade Remedies","authors":"L. Ramírez","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3407724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3407724","url":null,"abstract":"The case of China’s non-market economy treatment at the WTO might be the typical case where (economic) reality outdoes (legal) theory or, perhaps, expectations. By 2001, when the WTO let China in, its Protocol of Accession (PoA) included special trade remedies provisions regarding China’s economic model. Today, China and other members fight fiercely at WTO, and elsewhere, over the validity and scope of some PoA's expired rules that set out the commitments by which -arguably- China was expected to become a market economy by December 2016. Aimed at contributing to the debate, this paper analyzes and thus proposes elements for a reform to the WTO’s trade remedies legal framework, so as to solve those conflicts by means of multilateral negotiations in lieu of complex judicial adjudications. Negotiation is hence suggested as the most legitimate, pragmatic, and long-lasting means to ensure the preservation of the trade remedies mechanism. Otherwise, the use of de facto measures, coupled with increasing bilateral disputes, shall steadily undermine its creditworthiness.","PeriodicalId":426783,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Trade Policy (Topic)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124045241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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