International Journal of Forensic Odontology最新文献_第6页

Human identification and human rights through humanitarian forensic odontology 通过人道主义法医牙科学进行人的身份鉴定和人权

International Journal of Forensic Odontology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_5_20

E. Nuzzolese, Francesco Lupariello, P. Ricci

{"title":"Human identification and human rights through humanitarian forensic odontology","authors":"E. Nuzzolese, Francesco Lupariello, P. Ricci","doi":"10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_5_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_5_20","url":null,"abstract":"The ethical relationship between human identification and dead bodies lies in the question of whether the dead, like living individuals, have human rights. Only a name and an identity will allow their religious beliefs to be respected and allow the next of kin to complete the grieving process. Experts in forensic odontology and disaster-victim identification have intimate material contact with bones, teeth, jaws, and other tissue of the deceased, but their work can also lead to the best practice in human identification from humanitarian forensic odontology (HFO) perspective. HFO is the application of pro bono services and consultations in that forensic casework where dental evidence is involved and forensic odontology could be pivotal in criminal investigations, especially in the field of human identification. For this reason, the inclusion of forensic odontology in the human identification process must be methodological, becoming a proper specialization of dentistry and forensic sciences. The dead have the right to have a name and an identity. In the authors' opinion, the failure to perform a dental autopsy for the purpose of human identification of unidentified human remains can be considered a violation of the human rights of the dead.","PeriodicalId":426743,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Odontology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126222820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Gender determination using odontometric diagonal measurements of teeth: An analytical study 用牙齿的对角线测量来确定性别:一项分析研究

International Journal of Forensic Odontology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_1_20

R. Sathawane, Gunjan Moon, R. Chandak, Ashish Lanjekar, Runal Bansod, Vidyarjan Sukhdeve

{"title":"Gender determination using odontometric diagonal measurements of teeth: An analytical study","authors":"R. Sathawane, Gunjan Moon, R. Chandak, Ashish Lanjekar, Runal Bansod, Vidyarjan Sukhdeve","doi":"10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_1_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_1_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gender determination is one of the prime parameters in forensic identification. The feasibility of the nonreactive, mineralized part of teeth to resist mutilation and to survive deliberate, accidental, or natural change has led forensic experts to focus on the teeth as a possible source as forensic data in cases of fragmentary and mutilated human remains. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine gender using odontometric diagonal measurements of permanent maxillary and mandibular teeth. Objectives: To measure and evaluate sexual dimorphism by odontometric diagonal measurement of teeth. Materials and Methods: The study sample included a total of 80 maxillary and mandibular dental casts obtained by alginate impression from 40 participants (20 males and 20 females) in the age range of 19–35 years selected from the Central Indian population. Mesiobuccal-distolingual (MBDL) and distobuccal-mesiolingual (DBML) measurements of the right permanent maxillary and mandibular teeth excluding third molars were taken separately. All the measurements were taken using a Digital Vernier Caliper. Data were analyzed using discriminant function analysis. Results: It is found that the diagonal measurements are significantly greater in males than females. The highest percentage of overall accuracy rate of maxillary MBDL is followed by maxillary DBML, mandibular MBDL, and mandibular DBML. All the values of the mean tooth dimension of MBDL were greater than DBML. The overall accuracy rate of maxillary MBDL is 97.2% and mandibular MBDL is 95.2%. The overall accuracy rate of maxillary DBML is 96.56% and mandibular DBML is 94.21%. Conclusion: Diagonal measurements of teeth can be used for sex determination. The most significant variable is found to be MBDL measurements of maxillary and mandibular second premolars. It is the strongest predictor for gender determination.","PeriodicalId":426743,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Odontology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121190664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

DNA in forensic odontology: New phase in dental analysis 法医牙科学中的DNA:牙齿分析的新阶段

International Journal of Forensic Odontology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_12_20

R. Chaudhary, M. Shylaja, Avani D. Patel, Anil Patel

{"title":"DNA in forensic odontology: New phase in dental analysis","authors":"R. Chaudhary, M. Shylaja, Avani D. Patel, Anil Patel","doi":"10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_12_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_12_20","url":null,"abstract":"In forensic identification cases, where human remains are extremely damaged or degraded by mass disaster, teeth and bones are often the only available sources of DNA. Nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA are the most frequently investigated types of DNA in teeth. There are various techniques including decontaminations, sampling methods, and DNA extraction methods by polymerase chain reaction. DNA content of teeth varies considerably between individual and also between teeth from the same individual. Tooth type, chronological age and dental diseases affect the DNA content of teeth. Teeth are the preferred skeletal source of DNA because they can be retrieved from human skeletal remains even after very long years after death. The comprehensive understanding of tooth structure and composition, as well as process of diagenesis in teeth, is crucial for determining the location of DNA in postmortem teeth. Targeted subsampling and careful case selection of appropriate decontamination and extraction protocols will further increase the value of teeth as a source of DNA. This method can be applied in mass disaster where the fragments of the tooth are available for disaster victim identification.","PeriodicalId":426743,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Odontology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116765784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Pilot study – To investigate the frequency of patient identity validation when first registering with a UK dental practice 试点研究-调查患者身份验证的频率时，首次注册与英国牙科诊所

International Journal of Forensic Odontology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_14_20

Adrian Blake

引用次数: 0

Forensic pediatric dentistry 法医儿科牙科

International Journal of Forensic Odontology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_13_20

T. Uma Maheswari, M. Krishnan

引用次数: 0

Reliability of enamel shade as a method of chronological age estimation: A study in North Gujarat population 牙釉质阴影作为实足年龄估计方法的可靠性:古吉拉特邦北部人口的研究

International Journal of Forensic Odontology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_10_20

Avani D. Patel, M. Shylaja Attur, R. Chaudhary, Jayadeva Hallur, Anil Patel, P. Gujjar

引用次数: 0

Comparative reliability of cheiloscopy and palatoscopy in human identification and sex determination: Among Kerala population 在喀拉拉邦人群中，唇腭裂镜和腭镜在人类鉴定和性别确定中的比较可靠性

International Journal of Forensic Odontology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_6_20

A. Ashok, Nirupa Thomas

{"title":"Comparative reliability of cheiloscopy and palatoscopy in human identification and sex determination: Among Kerala population","authors":"A. Ashok, Nirupa Thomas","doi":"10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_6_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_6_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study was carried out on 200 individuals (100 males and 100 females) among Kerala population (Central Kerala) aged between 18 and 50 years. Aims and Objectives: To identify palatal rugae pattern and lip print pattern and to compare the rugae and lip print pattern between males and females. Materials and Methods: In this study, we analyzed the lip print and palatal rugae pattern in males and females using a classification given by Suzuki and Lysell respectively. Results: Lip prints and rugae pattern are distinct for an individual, the most common type of pattern in male was Type IV. The most common type of pattern in female was Type I. No statistical significant difference was observed in the length and number of rugae between males and females. The present study showed that forwardly placed rugae was more in males than females. The present study successfully established the individuality of the rugae patterns, length, and number . Conclusion: Chelioscopy is useful in identifying the gender of the person by studying the pattern left at the crime scene and palatoscopy can be useful in personal identification.","PeriodicalId":426743,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Odontology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132423602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Sex determination by maxillary sinus dimensions using cone-beam computed tomography and discriminant function: An analytical study 用锥束计算机断层扫描和判别函数测定上颌窦尺寸的性别:一项分析研究

International Journal of Forensic Odontology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_8_20

S. Sathawane, A. Sukhadeve, M. Chandak, Ashish Lanjekar, Gunjan Moon

{"title":"Sex determination by maxillary sinus dimensions using cone-beam computed tomography and discriminant function: An analytical study","authors":"S. Sathawane, A. Sukhadeve, M. Chandak, Ashish Lanjekar, Gunjan Moon","doi":"10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_8_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_8_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sex determination of unknown persons plays an important role in forensic medicine. Zygomatic bone and maxilla remain intact although the skull and other bones may be badly disfigured in victims who are incinerated. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an excellent radiographic modality for accurate measurement of the maxillary sinus (MS) dimensions. Aim: To determine sex by MS measurements using CBCT scans and discriminant function. Objectives: To measure and compare the MS dimensions in males and females. Materials and Methods: Sixty CBCT scans showing bilateral MSs of 30 males and 30 females were retrieved and evaluated. The parameters such as width, length, and height were measured and recorded. The data were analyzed using unpaired t-test and discriminant function analysis to assess sexual dimorphism. Results: Statistically significant differences are observed between males and females in respect to the MS height and length on both the right and left MSs, whereas statistically significant difference is observed in respect to width only on the right MS. The accuracy rate of sex determination was 73% in males and 69% in females, with overall accuracy of 71%. The most pronounced parameter in differentiation of sex is the MS height. The discriminant equations are derived for both right and left MSs. Conclusion: MS dimensions can be used as an aid in forensic anthropology for the determination of sex. MS height is found to be the most predictive parameter in sex determination. The prediction from the derived discriminant equations is found accurate ≥80% for both sexes and both right and left MSs.","PeriodicalId":426743,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Odontology","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125627322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Forensic psychology (criminal psychology) 法医心理学(犯罪心理学)

International Journal of Forensic Odontology Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/IJFO.IJFO_18_19

T. Uma Maheswari, A. Balasubramaniam

引用次数: 0

Age estimation of an individual by pulp/tooth ratio by maxillary lateral incisor using periapical radiographs (RVG) 利用尖周x线片(RVG)通过上颌侧切牙的牙髓/牙比估算个体年龄

International Journal of Forensic Odontology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_34_18

Annu Saini, A. Garg

{"title":"Age estimation of an individual by pulp/tooth ratio by maxillary lateral incisor using periapical radiographs (RVG)","authors":"Annu Saini, A. Garg","doi":"10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_34_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_34_18","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To estimate the age of an individual by pulp/tooth ratio by maxillary lateral incisor using periapical radiographs (RVG). Material and Methodology: The present study consists of randomly selected sample of 120 (60 males and 60 females) individuals [Graph 1], within the age group of 15–54 years grouped as: 15–24 years, 25–34 years, 35–44 years, and 45–54 years. After taking the informed consent from the patients, intraoral periapical radiographs were obtained from the patients. After exposure, the image was saved as a high-resolution JPEG file on a desktop computer and imported to the Adobe Photoshop CS6 image-editing software program for further measurements. Results: The results of the present study show that the pulp/tooth ratio of maxillary lateral incisor decreases as the age increases because of deposition of secondary dentin on the walls of pulp chamber with increase in age resulting in narrowing of the pulp chamber. The results shows that the correlation between age and pulp/tooth ratio was statistically significant (r = 0.807), (r2 = 0.652), and (P = 0.000). Conclusion: The maxillary lateral incisors and the application of the new regression formulae on data obtained from radiovisiography lead to accurate age estimation, if at least the selection criteria are respected and good quality radiovisiographs with clear radiological images are used.","PeriodicalId":426743,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Odontology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134069476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3