European Journal of Therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"AI as a Co-Author? We Should Also Ask Philosophical (and Ethical) Questions","authors":"Abdullah Yıldız","doi":"10.58600/eurjther1723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther1723","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editors\u0000With great interest and attention, I read authors’ short but stimulating editorial articles, which also contain extremely valuable questions [1]. The questions posed by the authors and the emphasis on referred articles reflecting different perspectives seem to reflect content about the practical benefits, risks, and inevitability of the use of technology. In addition, it is seen that the valuable comments on the article focus on issues such as the risk of harm and publication ethics issues in academic use of AI [2,3].\u0000Considering the discourse of the article’s authors, which invites discussion, it is seen that questions that go beyond mere responsibility or practical benefits or risks should also be asked. In this context, I think that questions based on philosophical and ethical foundations should also be asked. For example, What is AI’s ontological position as a writer is a very fundamental question. That is, does AI reflect a “particular” individual/entity as “a writer”, or does it reflect cognitive domination that has the power to access and process the knowledge of entire humanity easily, or does AI reflect a collective mind or \"universal\" as a product of the knowledge and cognitive history of humanity as a whole? I think these questions are notable for AI’s position as an author and whether that position is acceptable. Again, should AI be considered a tool (is given instrumental purpose) or as a value in itself (has intrinsic value)? As a fundamental question, this is also important for the acceptability or position of AI as an author. Without going into deep discussions for now, for example, how or what is the difference between AI as a tool and a classical data analysis tool? Does such a difference, if any, really warrant the attribution of authorship to AI? Questions like these seem important. Although different ethical discussions seem possible, the concept of responsibility to which the authors refer seems worth discussing. For example, it is also remarkable whether AI, as a responsible subject in itself, can also become a tool for other authors to avoid some responsibilities in research and publication ethics. It is known that such a debate exists in the field of clinical ethics [4].\u0000As a result, as the article authors said, the authorship of artificial intelligence will lead to important discussions. Therefore, it will be necessary to consider philosophical (and ethical) questions about the position of artificial intelligence.\u0000Yours sincerely,","PeriodicalId":42642,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87763844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric and Visual Analysis of Palliative Nutrition Research Based on Web of Science","authors":"Sevilay Alkan, M. Tokur","doi":"10.58600/eurjther1672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther1672","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Nutritional therapy has been shown to reduce the mortality rates of critically ill individuals. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in scholarly curiosity about the growing use of palliative nutrition. In order to determine the global research output on palliative nutrition, this bibliometric analysis was conducted to assess the current status of research trends and research directions.\u0000Methods: The bibliometric data of the study was obtained from the online database Web of Science and analyzed and visualized with Excel, the Bibliometrix R package (version 4.1.2), and the bibliometric online application (https://bibliometric.com/app) tools.\u0000Results: A total of 1067 publications were included in this study. The majority of publications (398,37.30%) and citations (n: 9252) in this discipline have come from the United States. The most frequent publication type detected was article (n: 794). Publications published in 398 different sources (journals/books etc.). The international co-authorship rate was 11.62%. In the last 20 years, the annual number of publications has drastically expanded. The highest number of publications was published in 2020 and 2021 (n: 67, and n: 64 respectively). Australia, France, Canada, Japan, and China stand out as the countries with the highest number of publications in recent years. The terms 'end, care, hydration, nutrition, life, decision-making, artificial nutrition, and palliative care' were the most preferred keywords.\u0000Conclusion: Finally, given the number of palliative care patients globally is expected to rise, it is critical to do ongoing research on appropriate nutritional therapy for these patients. As our study shows study gaps and study trends, it can provide insight for future work in this field.","PeriodicalId":42642,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Therapeutics","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73915466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between The Success Of Bariatric Surgery And Personality Traits","authors":"O. İmre, S. Toprak","doi":"10.58600/eurjther1683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther1683","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Acceptable preoperative psychosocial indicators of weight loss after bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients are still unknown. In this study, the association between personality traits, multidimensional perceived social support, and the percentage of excess weight loss (EWL) following bariatric surgery was researched in morbidly obese patients.\u0000Methods: Participants in this prospective study were recruited from morbidly obese patients who applied to Karaman Training and Research Hospital's obesity unit between July 2021 and June 2022. The study comprised 84 morbidly obese individuals. The Temperament and Character Inventory was used to evaluate the personality traits of the morbidly obese. Perceived social support was measured using the multidimensional perceived social support scale. The percentage of weight loss after bariatric surgery was compared with personality traits and perceived social support scores.\u0000Results: The mean age of the patients who were morbidly obese was 36.7 ±8.7 years. There were 22 men (25.3%) and 62 women (74.7%).  The mean preoperative BMI was 46.2 ±63. The perceived social support score was 68.0±16.4. A univariate analysis found a positive relationship between 6 months and 1 year's EWL and Self-Transcendence, a Temperament and Character Inventory subcategory(p=0.011,p=0.023).\u0000Conclusion: Obesity treatment is a complex situation that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Given the potential physiological and psychological consequences of bariatric surgery, it is critical to uncover psychological predictive factors such as personality traits that boost the success of bariatric surgery and are connected with weight loss.  As a result, knowing the individuals who self-transcendence before bariatric surgery may be useful in predicting the success of bariatric surgery and planning treatment. This requires large-scale research.","PeriodicalId":42642,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Therapeutics","volume":"103 1-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72628197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary zinc status in offspring of pregnant rats fed on a zinc-deficient diet is associated with serum albumin, AST, and ALT levels","authors":"M. Gümüs, S. B. Baltaci","doi":"10.58600/eurjther1659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther1659","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study was carried out to investigate whether dietary zinc status is associated with serum albumin, AST and ALT levels in male offspring of mother rats fed a zinc deficient diet.\u0000Methods: The study was carried out on male offspring (Groups 1, 2, 3) born to rats fed a zinc deficient diet and on male offspring (Group 4) born to mothers fed a standard diet. Group 1: Zinc deficient, Group 2; standard rat chow, Group 3: Zinc supplemented diet. Animals of group 4 were used as control group. After the completion of the experimental stages of the study, albumin, AST, ALT, free and total bilirubin levels in serum samples taken from animals were determined by spectrophotometric method.\u0000Results: Dietary zinc deficiency (group 1) significantly decreased serum albumin values (p<0.004). Animals in both the zinc deficient (Group 1) group and the Group 2 animals born to mothers fed a zinc deficient diet and fed standard rat chow had the highest AST and ALT levels (p<0.001).\u0000Conclusion: The present study is the first to show that dietary zinc status can directly affect liver function in rats born to zinc deficient mothers by causing changes in serum albumin, AST and ALT levels.","PeriodicalId":42642,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83340881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Warning Images and Texts on Cigarette Packages on Smoking Behavior Among Healthcare Professionals","authors":"Melek Öztürk, N. Aydın","doi":"10.58600/eurjther1640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther1640","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The opinion of health staff working at hospitals connected to Gaziantep Province Public Hospitals Union on the effects of warning purposed pictures and texts on cigarette packages on smoking behavior was searched.\u0000Methods: 458 health staff participated in the research. Percentage, frequency and chi-square test were used in the data analysis. \u0000Results: 42.8% of the participants were midwife nurses, 22.5% were specialist physicians, 19.9% were laboratry-anesthesia-X-ray techician and 14.8% were general practitioners. The smoking rate of the particiapants was found to be ’41.4%. The rate of the ones who want to give up smoking was determined as 52.6%. The health staff were highly affected by the united warnings on the cigarette packages (61.5%). Most of the participants think that this application may be effective in fighting smoking (43.9%). The most important factor in giving up smoking was the health problems caused due to smoking (56.5%). Prohibition of smoking in enolosed spaces was seen as the most effective method in fighting smoking. The united warnings on the cigarette packages were seen as the least effective method both among giving up smoking reasons and in fighting smoking, differences were determined among the groups according to demographic features and smoking habits (p˃0.05). The most effective warnings were like this in order; ‘‘smoking during pregnancy gives harn to the bayb’’ (72.1%), ‘‘protect your childeren, don’t let them breathe your smoke’’ (66.8%), ‘‘smoking causes fatal lung cancer’’ (59.6%) and the least effective warnings were like this in order; ‘‘ask for help from your doctor and the closest cottage hospital to give up smoking’’ (31.7%), ‘‘health institutions help you to give up smoking’’ (38.2%) and ‘‘smokers die young’’ (41.3%).\u0000Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was put forth that the health staff whose smoking rate is high should primarily be taken to education programs on giving up smoking and then their support should be taken to fight smoking. On smoking behavior, the content of the warnings placed on cigarette packakes shown effective for pictures and texts should be further enhanced.","PeriodicalId":42642,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Therapeutics","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89898633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"We Asked ChatGPT About the Co-Authorship of Artificial Intelligence in Scientific Papers","authors":"Ayşe Balat, I. Bahsi","doi":"10.58600/eurjther1719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther1719","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Colleagues,\u0000A few weeks ago, we published an editorial discussion on whether artificial intelligence applications should be authors of academic articles [1]. We were delighted to receive more than one interesting reply letter to this editorial in a short time [2, 3]. We hope that opinions on this subject will continue to be submitted to our journal.\u0000In this editorial, we wanted to publish the answers we received when we asked ChatGPT, one of the artificial intelligence applications, about this current discussion.\u0000We asked ChatGPT three questions in turn and asked ChatGPT to write a short editorial for these questions.\u0000First Question: We would like to get support from ChatGPT for a scientific article. However, we are unsure if we should add ChatGPT as an author. Can you write a short editorial about it?\u0000Second Question: We would like to get support from ChatGPT for a scientific article and add ChatGPT as an author. Can you write us a short editorial about adding ChatGPT as an author in scientific papers?\u0000Third Question: We would like to get support from ChatGPT for a scientific article. However, we don’t want to add ChatGPT as an author. Can you write us a short editorial about not adding ChatGPT as an author in scientific articles?\u0000The answers given by ChatGPT are available at the end of the article in their original form. So, which of these three answers satisfied you?\u0000Yours sincerely,\u0000 \u0000First Answer\u0000Title: The Role of AI Language Models as Authors in Scientific Articles: A Matter of Consideration\u0000Introduction: Scientific research is a collaborative effort that involves the expertise of multiple individuals to advance knowledge and contribute to the collective understanding of various disciplines. In recent years, the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) language models, such as ChatGPT, has opened up new possibilities for generating human-like text and providing valuable insights. However, the question arises: Should AI language models be recognized as authors in scientific articles?\u0000The Nature of Authorship: Authorship traditionally represents a marker of intellectual contribution, highlighting the individuals who have actively participated in the research process. Authors are typically responsible for conceptualization, data collection, analysis, interpretation, and writing of the article. They bear accountability for the work and should have the ability to defend its scientific rigor and integrity.\u0000AI Language Models: Tools, Not Authors: While AI language models like ChatGPT can undoubtedly assist researchers by generating text and providing useful information, it is important to recognize that they are tools rather than individuals capable of active intellectual participation. AI models lack the ability to generate ideas, design experiments, or conduct original research. They rely entirely on pre-existing data and human input to generate their responses.\u0000Acknowledging AI Contributions: Acknowledging the contributions of AI languag","PeriodicalId":42642,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Therapeutics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77598282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Article Writing","authors":"O. İmre","doi":"10.58600/eurjther1706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther1706","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editors,\u0000I was very interested in your editorial [1]. Technological advancements are so rapid that humans are unable to keep up. And we eagerly await the outcomes of technological advancement. The study of artificial intelligence is one of the topics that has recently gained popularity. If someone had predicted a hundred years ago, \"A technology will come that will detect the commands you receive, act accordingly, and write scientific articles,\" we would laugh at her. Many artificial intelligence dreams that appear weird to us now, I believe, will come true shortly. The Generative Pre-Trained Transformer 3 (GPT3) was developed a few years ago, in line with improvements in artificial intelligence. With this model, artificial intelligence was used to generate content that resembled human-written documents. A more advanced version of ChatGPT was produced a few years later. In March 2023, the most recent GPT4 version was launched. Errors in article writing have been reduced using this and comparable applications such as artificial intelligence. In fact, it has become nearly impossible to detect the difference between publications written by scientists and articles written by artificial intelligence. Some journals have begun to accept artificial intelligence apps as co-authors [2].\u0000Article authoring is made considerably easier by artificial intelligence. In terms of time savings, using artificial intelligence products such as ChatGPT and GPT 4 may make sense. However, there are some risks associated with this circumstance. For example, because disseminating personal data is a felony, authors may feel compelled to conceal some information in order to preserve personal data. Artificial intelligence programs can readily perpetrate crimes involving personal data by releasing secret facts. This situation presents numerous legal issues. Furthermore, the language to be used in article writing may alter depending on the topic of study. In this instance, it is vital to go check the words chosen by artificial intelligence programs in the article. As a result, my recommendation is to use tools such as ChatGPT, GPT 4, or similar basic jobs once the user has written the article themselves. Leaving all of the work to these apps may cause more harm than good.\u0000Kind Regards","PeriodicalId":42642,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Therapeutics","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76418861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study, Walant vs Axillary Block in Carpal Tunnel Surgery","authors":"Zafer Soydan, I. B. Özçelik","doi":"10.58600/eurjther1658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther1658","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Wide awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) is a local anesthetic technique that, in theory, reduces costs and surgical waiting periods. The purpose of this study was to compare axillary block (AXB) with WALANT in terms of pain scores, duration of hospital stay, and hand function in patients who underwent CTR surgery.\u0000Methods: Between January 2015 and February 2020, a retrospective analysis was conducted on the outcomes of 410 patients who underwent CTS surgery. The Walant technique was utilized on 210 patients, while the AXB technique was utilized on 200 patients. These two groups were compared regarding operative time, hospital stay, VAS score at specific intervals before and after surgery, and hand function recovery.\u0000Results: The mean operation time is 11 min (8-18) for WALANT group and 13 min (7-43) for AXB group. Average time of length of hospitalization is 4.2 hours (2-6) for WALANT and 14.2 hours (9-26) for AXB groups. The VAS scores of WALANT group is significiantly less than AXB group (p<0.05). The percentages of being able to use their hands compared to their nonoperative hands were evaluated. These rates were higher in the WALANT group than in the AXB group (65-75% vs. 45-60%).\u0000Conclusion: Increased patient comfort was associated with the WALANT technique. It is superior to AXB in terms of patient satisfaction, postoperative long-term pain management, and hand function recovery. Assuming all safety recommendations are adhered to, WALANT is an alternative to tourniquets in CTS surgeries for obtaining a bloodless surgical field without the discomfort of tourniquet application.","PeriodicalId":42642,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Therapeutics","volume":"279 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77583885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Risk Factors for Clinically Related Pancreatic Fistula After Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Analysis of 248 Patients","authors":"F. Güngör, A. Atay, N. Acar, H. Bağ, E. O. Gür, O. Dilek","doi":"10.58600/eurjther1610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther1610","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) affects 13-50% of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), and remains the main source of post-PD morbidity and mortality. Therefore, determining predictive risk factors for POPF remains popular today. In this study, we aimed to determine the predictive risk factors for clinically related postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) in the preoperative and early postoperative period in patients that underwent PD.\u0000Methods: This is a retrospective study involving 248 patients who underwent PD between January 2015 and December 2019 in our center. We compared the groups that did and did not develop CR-POPF. We determined the risk factors affecting CR-POPF by stepwise logistic regression analysis.\u0000Results: 141 (56.8%) of the patients included in the study were male and the median age was 63 (56-70)/year. The CR-POPF rate was 18.1%. We found a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) in the following parameters: diabetes, smoking, preoperative leukocyte, preoperative neutrophil, postoperative first day (POD1) amylase, POD1 AST, POD1 ALT, POD1 CRP, POD1 lymphocyte-CRP ratio (LCR), postoperative third day (POD3) lymphocyte, POD3 CRP, in POD3 neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, POD3 platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), POD3 AST-ALT ratio, POD3 LCR, surgeon experience, incision type, Wirsung diameter, pancreatic tissue and operation time. In the stepwise logistic regression model, we found POD1 AST, POD3 CRP, POD3 TLR, diabetes, surgeon experience, and Wirsung diameter as predictive risk factors.\u0000Conclusions: In our study, we found POD1 AST, POD3 CRP, POD3 TLR, diabetes, surgeon experience and Wirsung diameter as predictive risk factors for CR-POPF.","PeriodicalId":42642,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Therapeutics","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81603985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head And Neck Tuberculosis in Southeastern Region In Turkey, Near The Syrian Border","authors":"Koray Tümüklü, I. Aytac, A. Yazıcı, Sema Aytaç","doi":"10.58600/eurjther1624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther1624","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate profiles, demographical data, diagnostic, clinical and treatment approaches in relation to the cases of diagnosed head and neck tuberculosis after the start of the Syrian civil war in 2011. The aim of study is to share current knowledge on head and neck tuberculosis and to investigate whether there is an epidemiological change with the admission of immigrants after start of the Syrian civil war.\u0000Methods: Demographic data, contact history, relapse, localisation, tuberculin test, BCG vaccination and treatment duration are evaluated variables.  Two groups were created. First group were diagnosed with head and neck tuberculosis between 2006 and 2011 before the outbreak of the Syrian civil war, and second group were diagnosed between 2012 and 2017, after the war in Syrian caused hundreds of thousands of Syrian citizens to flee their homes and cross the border into Turkey.  \u0000Results: Head and neck tuberculosis cases tend to increase after the year of 2012. The number of diagnosed non- Turkish citizens expand after the year of 2012 and reach to the highest number in 2017. BCG vaccination status and the contact history were found to be the only variables that display statistical significance between the groups.\u0000Conclusions: The number of head and neck tuberculosis cases increased after the Syrian war began due to insufficient rates of vaccination among the Syrian population and this population’s overcrowded living environment in Turkey. The burden of these crises affects a region rather than the whole country.","PeriodicalId":42642,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Therapeutics","volume":"2008 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86237623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}