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The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago最新文献

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Social Equity in the Smart Grid 智能电网中的社会公平
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2016-08-22 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7552
D. Patel
{"title":"Social Equity in the Smart Grid","authors":"D. Patel","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7552","url":null,"abstract":"Power grids are under pressure to meet the growing demand for electricity within a stable and sustainable distribution system. These challenges drive the evolution of smart grids. The smart grid involves various forms of technology, specifically advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). Deployment of AMI technologies, by utility companies, is rolling out all over the United States of America (U.S.). However customers have not been using the technologies to its full potential. Engaging communities, particularly lower income communities, to take full advantage of AMI technologies is an important first step in building social equity through the smart grid. Increasing resiliency of the grid infrastructure in these communities provides opportunities for strategic rebuilding, eective carbon drawdown, and opportunities for jobs creation.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121560219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Review on Thermoelectric Devices 热电器件研究进展
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2016-08-22 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7557
V. Adalid
{"title":"A Review on Thermoelectric Devices","authors":"V. Adalid","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7557","url":null,"abstract":"A Thermoelectric Device (TE) is made up of dissimilar conducting materials that take a tem- perature dierence (waste heat) and converts it to electrical power. In addition, depending on the direction of the current ow, a TE can also be used for heating/cooling. The reason why TEs are able to provide heating/cooling and be a source of electrical power is due to the Seebeck and Peltier eect. Due to TEs only having a ZT, figure of merit, value of one a lot of eort is being put into finding materials that could improve the improve the figure of merit. This paper reviews how the TEs are implemented in current applications.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127810112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Grid Modernization - Integration of Storage 电网现代化-存储集成
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2016-08-22 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7558
Z. Islifo
{"title":"Grid Modernization - Integration of Storage","authors":"Z. Islifo","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7558","url":null,"abstract":"The existing electric power grid is reliable enough to meet everyday needs of U.S. electricity users. However, the grid needs major infrastructure upgrades to meet the rising demands for a reliable, resilient, and secure electricity delivery. Drivers to modernize the grid include increased demand for clean sources of energy, growing number of renewable energy sources on the grid and customer participation in power generation. Smart grid technologies are critical for monitoring, managing and controlling the power grid. Energy storage introduces an important new dimension on the grid, the ability to store electricity at one time and release the stored electricity for use at another time. Flow batteries are one type of energy storage technologies that are well suited for large-scale utility application on the grid. Currently, vanadium redox ow batteries are the most common used utility-scaled ow batteries.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115472047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lithium-Sulfur Battery: Chemistry, Challenges, Cost, and Future 锂硫电池:化学、挑战、成本和未来
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2016-08-22 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7553
K. Patel
{"title":"Lithium-Sulfur Battery: Chemistry, Challenges, Cost, and Future","authors":"K. Patel","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7553","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium sulfur (Li-S) battery has higher theoretical and experimental specific energy. There- fore, Li-S battery is the most capable energy storage option for electrical vehicles and power grid. However, it has life cycle issue to prevent its usage in electrical vehicles. Li-S battery need to im- prove life cycle issue in order to work with current battery applications. Li-S battery has complex chemistry and process to discharge and charge Li-S cell. The cost and manufacturing process of Li-S batteries will be one of the biggest challenge for commercial transformation from research and development stage. The Oxis Energy is developing Li-S battery for past 10 years and they have goal price US$250/kWh by 2020 with high volumes and more cheaper compare to lithium-ion battery.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115592641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Combined Heat and Power: CHP Present and Future 热电联产:热电联产的现在与未来
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2016-08-22 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7555
M. Patel
{"title":"Combined Heat and Power: CHP Present and Future","authors":"M. Patel","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7555","url":null,"abstract":"Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is an ecient way to generate electricity and heat by utilizing the waste heat from the electric generator in place of heat from a separate boiler. Currently, most electricity is purchased from a central utility company that generates power at 35% eciency; the balance of fuel input energy is lost as heat. With CHP some of the electricity is generated onsite and the waste heat from the generator (water jacket and exhaust) is used for space and water heating and other industrial processes that require heat. This reduces the fuel requirements to the boiler which also reduces emissions of Green House Gases (GHG) and other pollutants. Overall CHP eciencies can make upwards to 85%. CHP is also known as Buildings Cooling, Heating and Power (BCHP), CHP for buildings (CHPB), Integrated Energy Systems (IES), Total Energy System (TES), Tri-generation (Trigen) and Cogeneration. CHP is best fit where there is demand for heat (or cooling load) and electricity is simultaneous e.g. hospitals, the hotel industry, educational institutes. Exhaust heat can be applied to support cooling loads with absorption chillers.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121979923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Next Contender in High Speed Transport Elon Musks Hyperloop 高速运输的下一个竞争者埃隆·马斯克的超级高铁
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2016-08-22 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7554
M. Sakowski
{"title":"The Next Contender in High Speed Transport Elon Musks Hyperloop","authors":"M. Sakowski","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V9I2.7554","url":null,"abstract":"Elon Musk, progressive futurist and business magnate has proposed a fifth mode of transportation called the Hyperloop. Just as he did with the resurrection of electric vehicle, and the privatization of space ight, Musk is taking the established concepts of the vactrain and maglev technology and is attempting to bring it back into the spotlight but with key improvements. This paper attempts to provide a brief historical literature review of High Speed Transport to Very High Speed Transit (VHST) and to discuss the limitations of the existing and theoretical technologies of Maglev trains and evacuated tube transport. The Hyperloop is proposed as the next contender in High Speed Transport, and a simplified energy analysis is performed to aid in evaluating the feasibility of the Hyperloop. This paper also attempts to highlight several features of the Hyperloop that distinguishes it from traditional vactrains and evacuated tube technologies by using capsules or pods to travel in a medium-pressure environment as opposed to a dicult-to-maintain vacuum environment. A diuser-compressor-nozzle system has also been proposed to overcome the Kantrowitz Limit. This paper reviews the Hyperloop concept and its specific advantages to the future development of a cost-eective and sustainable high-speed mass transport technology.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129918725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Electric Vehicle Batteries: Li-ion and Beyond, Challenges and Advancements 电动汽车电池:锂离子及其他，挑战与进步
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2016-06-08 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7551
B. Kc
{"title":"Electric Vehicle Batteries: Li-ion and Beyond, Challenges and Advancements","authors":"B. Kc","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7551","url":null,"abstract":"Batteries are key to developing affordable Electric Vehicle (EV). However, EVs have not yet come on par with gasoline vehicles in many areas such as price, driving range, and recharge time. Many research areas are actively seeking to improve the current market dominant lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as well as find alternatives to LIBs. This review will look at current status of LIBs, a few alternatives, and collective challenges and advancements associated with these batteries.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128622224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Combined Heat & Power: CHP Present & Future 热电联产:热电联产的现在与未来
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2016-05-08 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7549
M. Patel
{"title":"Combined Heat & Power: CHP Present & Future","authors":"M. Patel","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7549","url":null,"abstract":"Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is an efficient way to generate electricity and heat by utilizing the waste heat from the electric generator in place of heat from a separate boiler. Currently, most electricity is purchased from a central utility company that generates power at 35% efficiency; the balance of fuel input energy is lost as heat. With CHP some of the electricity is generated onsite and the waste heat from the generator (water jacket and exhaust) is used for space and water heating and other industrial processes that require heat. This reduces the fuel requirements to the boiler which also reduces emissions of Green House Gases (GHG) and other pollutants. Overall CHP efficiencies can make upwards to 85%. CHP is also known as Buildings Cooling, Heating & Power (BCHP), CHP for buildings (CHPB), Integrated Energy Systems (IES), Total Energy System (TES), Tri-generation (Trigen) and Cogeneration. CHP is best fit where there is demand for heat (or cooling load) and electricity is simultaneous e.g. hospitals, the hotel industry, educational institutes. Exhaust heat can be applied to support cooling loads with absorption chillers.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131557672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Short Term Energy Storage on Grid 电网短期储能
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2016-05-08 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7550
S. E. Kazokoglu
{"title":"Short Term Energy Storage on Grid","authors":"S. E. Kazokoglu","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7550","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarizes short term storage applications for electric grid that are available today. It focuses on U.S. Electric grid and current challenges of interconnected electrical generation and distribution. Differences between short term and long term energy storage systems are explained with more detail on short term technologies, current and the possible applications on electric grid. For comparison purposes rated power discharge times, reaction times, life cycles as well as per unit power and per unit energy costs are presented.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123255269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Look at Some International Lithium Ion Battery Recycling Initiatives 一些国际锂离子电池回收计划的展望
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago Pub Date : 2016-05-08 DOI: 10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7546
A. Mancha
{"title":"A Look at Some International Lithium Ion Battery Recycling Initiatives","authors":"A. Mancha","doi":"10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5210/JUR.V9I1.7546","url":null,"abstract":"Today the United States is heavily reliant on the lithium-ion battery as most portable devices and electronics run on it. Current innovations are also looking on how to maximize it on the grid and transportation. This paper will look at three sovereign states and their current initiatives on Li-ion battery recycling: US, European Union, and China. The term initiative is used loosely as the information is not permanent in most policies or plans. Li-ion battery recycling initiatives are crucial to look at because used and wasted Li-ion batteries can disrupt public health and Li-ion batteries are expected to be a factor for effective material supply for future battery production especially in transportation, like the Tesla Roadster.","PeriodicalId":426348,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120967169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
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