{"title":"A “Historic” Agreement on Climate in Paris: but Will Mankind Be Able to Save Itself in Time?","authors":"Roberto Palea","doi":"10.1515/tfd-2016-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tfd-2016-0010","url":null,"abstract":"The Paris Climate Agreement of December 12 th , 2015 should be considered “historic” not only because it is “universal”– it was approved by almost all the countries in the world (195 states) –but also because all the parties, sharing the urgent need to stop ecological destruction, have acknowledged (though with an unforgivable delay of at least 20 years) that global warming is a worldwide phenomenon and, as such, needs to be addressed “all together”. The Agreement also recognises that the era of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) as the source of primary energy production needs to be quickly overcome, as it entails incalculable, man-made risks to the very survival of mankind.","PeriodicalId":426036,"journal":{"name":"The Federalist Debate","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130614966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comments. They Are not Dancing Anymore. Israeli Arab Citizens Between Integration and Deprivation","authors":"Yossi Amitay","doi":"10.1515/tfd-2015-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tfd-2015-0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":426036,"journal":{"name":"The Federalist Debate","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130706139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial: Brexit and the Risk of EU Disintegration","authors":"L. Levi","doi":"10.1515/tfd-2016-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tfd-2016-0024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":426036,"journal":{"name":"The Federalist Debate","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132199744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Climate Change: a Leitmotif of Global Sustainability","authors":"Gretel Ledo","doi":"10.1515/TFD-2016-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/TFD-2016-0018","url":null,"abstract":"The recent Survey of the Perception of Global Risks (The Global Risks Report, 2016), edited by the World Economic Forum and including 29 global risks classified as social, technological, economic, environmental and geopolitical, in a time horizon of 10 years, put the absence of mitigation and adaptation measures to climate changes at the first place. In the last three years, climate change ranked in the fifth place. Today, it moves up to the first. Thus it proves to be the risk of major impact, above weapons of mass destruction (second place) and water crises (third place). Unintentional large-scale migrations and the impact caused by changes of energy prices (whether price increase or price decrease) follow. Economic risks, which include financial crises in leading economies and high structural unemployment or underemployment, ask for an analysis apart.","PeriodicalId":426036,"journal":{"name":"The Federalist Debate","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121159265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Europe and Migrants. For a Shared Project of Our Future","authors":"Giampiero Bordino","doi":"10.1515/TFD-2017-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/TFD-2017-0005","url":null,"abstract":"The migration processes which, coming especially from the Mediterranean, have been flooding Europe for some time now, represent for our continent, and for the life of its inhabitants, a decisive challenge. Europe is actually faced with a dilemma: it can risk a real dissolution and ultimately being lost as a civilization, or it can try to renew its common identity presenting itself to the world as a possible model of peaceful and inclusive democracy. Faced with this alternative, and in order for it to make a choice for life, and not, instead, a possibly suicidal one, limited policies and short-breath projects are no longer enough. Even after the demise of the great nineteenth-century’s and twentieth-century’s ideologies, which promised a meaning and a goal to human action, guaranteed in some way, what is needed today is at least a worldview, a comprehensive project of society and civilization that could represent a possible, shared horizon to all Europeans. Old Europeans and also new Europeans, the ones coming in with the migration processes that characterize the new century. It is worth reflecting, to understand the complexity and severity of the challenge we are facing and also the need of a shared vision of the world, on what is placed “upstream” and at the same time on what is placed “downstream” of the migration flows in progress. “Upstream”, as is well known, there are wars, civil conflicts, oppressive and police-controlled political regimes, social, environmental and economic crises that disrupt the lives of hundreds of millions of people in the Middle East and Northern and sub-Saharan Africa, which essentially force those people to leave.","PeriodicalId":426036,"journal":{"name":"The Federalist Debate","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131807396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Retreat of the American Power","authors":"L. Levi","doi":"10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim180200005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim180200005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":426036,"journal":{"name":"The Federalist Debate","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132125803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Borderless Debate: The Greek Debt and the Need for a European Political Union. Who Betrayed Europe's Founders?","authors":"N. Urbinati","doi":"10.1515/tfd-2015-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tfd-2015-0033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":426036,"journal":{"name":"The Federalist Debate","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124266841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial. How to Govern Disorder at Europe’s Borders","authors":"L. Levi","doi":"10.1515/TFD-2015-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/TFD-2015-0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":426036,"journal":{"name":"The Federalist Debate","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115590649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comments: The Evolution of the West African Regional Integration Process","authors":"Gilles Landry Dossan","doi":"10.1515/tfd-2016-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tfd-2016-0030","url":null,"abstract":"In 1975, fifteen countries of West Africa agreed to build stronger bonds between their nations through the establishment of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). In the Treaty giving a legal status to this Organization, the Heads of State and Government affirmed that “the ultimate objective of their efforts [is an] accelerated and sustained economic development of their states and the creation of a homogeneous society, leading to the unity of the countries of West Africa, by the elimination of all types of obstacles to the free movement of goods, capital and persons”. Two main conclusions may derive from this statement: the regional integration process in West Africa is determined by economic development objectives, these objectives attained through free movement, one of the key elements that describe a Common Market. In 1975, it was clear that the framework of the West African regional integration would mainly be built on economic foundations. More than four decades later, there is no doubt that the ECOWAS has evolved to adapt the regional integration process to the challenges of a changing world. Built on the basis of economic objectives, the regional organization has progressively mutated and has changed its mandate to embrace the role that it is called to play towards the broader integration of the African Continent. This is illustrated by the revision of its treaty in 1993 and the way ECOWAS progressively included political aspects in his original economic mandate. 1. The revised treaty adopted in 1993 introduced several changes and provisions, highlighting the shift that the process of integration in West Africa was taking. From a legal perspective, it is interesting to note the changes in very key provisions, as the ones related to the objectives and the fundamental principles. First, about the objectives, the 1975 Treaty was basically listing the areas of cooperation, the efforts the Members States were required to take in favor of trade liberalization, and a general clause of free movement of people, goods and capital. In 1993, the objectives listed in the Treaty are much broader and introduce several innovations that would definitely change the course of the regional integration process: after stating a general goal related to the promotion of cooperation and integration, with a view to reinforce relations between the West African States to raise the living standards of their peoples, Article 3 about the aims and objectives continues with a second paragraph in which fundamental concepts in a regional integration process are exposed. The Common Market, though somehow identified in the previous treaty, is now fully stated as an objective with three clear steps for its realization. The steps to be taken by the Member States are the establishment of a free trade Area, the establishment of a common external tariff and a common trade policy, and the removal, between Member States, of obstacles to the free movement of persons","PeriodicalId":426036,"journal":{"name":"The Federalist Debate","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115236743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}