Yao Gao, W. Hou, Xiuqing Liu, Yonghui Han, Chunle Wang, Robert Wang
{"title":"Potential of Quad-Polarimetric SAR Data in Identifying Flat Areas Over Natural Geological Surfaces","authors":"Yao Gao, W. Hou, Xiuqing Liu, Yonghui Han, Chunle Wang, Robert Wang","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9884538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9884538","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigate the potential of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in identifying flat areas using fractal dimension and polarimetric scattering similarity. A two-step method is proposed, including rough selection and fine selection. First, rough selection is performed by calculating the fractal dimension of the radar backscattered total power image. Then for each candidate region, the fine selection is conducted using polarimetric scattering similarity parameters. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the method is verified by GF-3 quad-polarimetric SAR data and SRTM1 DEM data in desert areas of China. Results show that for the final selected flat area (320 × 320 m), the maximum elevation deviation is 3.39 m and the elevation standard deviation is 0.72 m. Therefore, without depending on additional DEM data, the proposed method can effectively achieve flat areas identification, which can be helpful for the future application of polarimetric SAR data in the Moon.","PeriodicalId":426003,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130605702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laplacian Regularized Spatial-Aware Collaborative Competitive Representation for Hyperspectral Dimensionality Reduction","authors":"Chiranjibi Shah, Q. Du","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883385","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, graph-based methods have drawn increased attention for representing a high-dimensional features into a low- dimensional data. To obtain an optimal transform for the purpose of classification, different collaborative representation-based methods are for dimensionality reduction (DR). In previous work, a spatial-aware collaborative competitive representation (SaCCPGT) based unsupervised method was investigated for DR of hyperspectral imagery (HSI). It incorporates spatial information into the representation framework. However, it can be further enhanced by considering the data manifold structure. In this paper, Laplacian regularized SaCCPGT (LapSaCCPGT) is presented for DR of HSI to better utilize data structure information into the representation framework. The experimental results observed on different hyperspectral datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed LapSaCCPGT than the state-of-the-art DR methods.","PeriodicalId":426003,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123880091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarina Kapai, D. Schroeder, A. Broome, T. J. Young, C. Stewart
{"title":"SAR Focusing of Mobile Apres Surveys","authors":"Sarina Kapai, D. Schroeder, A. Broome, T. J. Young, C. Stewart","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883784","url":null,"abstract":"The Autonomous Phase-Sensitive Radio Echo Sounder (ApRES) is a relatively inexpensive ice-penetrating Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) radar that is widely utilized in the glaciological community to obtain estimates of ice-sheet basal melt, vertical strain, and compaction rates [1]. However, these instruments are designed for stationary deployments, which prevents glacier- and catchment-scale surveys [2]. To expand the range of available applications, we assess the feasibility of mobile ApRES surveys. Our in-vestigation reveals that utilizing the ApRES in this manner introduces artifacts into the raw data. This paper character-izes the two types of artifacts (Doppler Blurring and grating lobes), investigates the conditions for when they occur, and attempts to correct them by modifying synthetic aperture radar (SAR) focusing algorithms for FMCW radars. We ul-timately identify the main obstacle in focusing radargrams from mobile ApRES surveys to be grating lobes; future work that reduces the presence of this artifact could enable more widespread use of mobile ApRES surveys.","PeriodicalId":426003,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123901534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using Drone-Based Remote Sensing Products to Detect Land Surface Conditions in Drylands","authors":"Junzhe Zhang","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9884804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9884804","url":null,"abstract":"The 3D products derived from drone-based remote sensing provide digital surface models (DSMs) with ultra-high resolution at a landscape scale. Some critical land surface processes can be quantitatively identified by using these DSMs. This paper aims to gain three land surface indicators (i.e., vegetation biomass, land surface height, and dust flux) from the 3D product (DSM). Vegetation biomass and dust flux were estimated from the established models (i.e., canopy volume model and wind erosion (WEMO) model) using the structural land surface indicators from DSMs. Land surface height was directly retrieved from DSMs. As a result, a drone-based estimate of these three indicators has a high correlation compared to the field measurement. In the future, these three indicators can be used to describe the occurred land surface processes in drylands.","PeriodicalId":426003,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123329105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Azzam A. Wahab, Md Nazri Safar, S. Hashim
{"title":"SAR2SAR Denoise Method on Land Use and Land Cover in Malaysia Using Sentinel-1 Imagery","authors":"Muhammad Azzam A. Wahab, Md Nazri Safar, S. Hashim","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883760","url":null,"abstract":"Although synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are often regarded as greyscale images, special care must be exercised when interpreting the images for land use and land cover (LULC). SAR has long been regarded as a viable alternative to optical images because it interacts with ground features in a variety of ways and is less influenced by weather conditions. Unlike optical images, SAR images suffer from speckle noise; therefore, accurate LULC mapping with SAR data is important. In this work, the recently proposed SAR2SAR denoise method has been employed. The self-supervision method is based on a deep learning model that can generate a speckle- free image with few references in a short amount of time. The proposed method has been applied to evaluate five categories of L ULC in Malaysia with ground range detected (GRD) Sentinel-l data: dense forests, paddy fields, urban areas, cleared lands, and water bodies. The results showed that the use of false-color-based denoised VV and VH composites from SAR2SAR denoise method significantly improved the visualizations of LULC classes as much as optical imagery.","PeriodicalId":426003,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123368832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bowie-M: Combining Heritage Operational Performance with Hyperspectral Capability","authors":"Sean Geiger, T. Pett","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883794","url":null,"abstract":"The Ball Operational Weather Instrument Evolution - Microwave (BOWIE-M) is the first in the series of low size, weight and power (SWaP), remote sensing instruments designed by Ball Aerospace to satisfy NOAA's next generation weather architecture requirements. BOWIE-M is a total power microwave radiometer, optimized for atmospheric temperature and humidity sounding, and designed into a compact, low cost configuration compatible with SmallSat integration and rideshare volume constraints. BOWIE-M operates in a cross-track scanning mode using a single lightweight spinning reflector antenna and produces channels across the 24 - 183 GHz range. Retrievals of atmospheric temperature profile are enabled by channels in the 50 - 60 GHz V-band. Moisture profiles are derived from measurements near the 183.3 and 22 GHz water resonances. Instrument calibration is performed through the antenna aperture via measurements of cold space and of an internal blackbody target during each antenna rotation. The BOWIE-M design has been refined over several years in response to changing radiometric measurement needs in the weather community, as well responding to the results of several analyses performed to identify instrument architecture, orbital parameters, and channel characteristics to support those needs. In addition to many analog-derived channel measurements, the presence of a digital receiver in BOWIE-M is leveraged to provide hyperspectral narrowband channel measurement in the V-band region, allowing humidity measurements up to 0.01 mbar.","PeriodicalId":426003,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"72 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120843848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Humans are Poor Few-Shot Classifiers for Sentinel-2 Land Cover","authors":"M. Rußwurm, Sherrie Wang, D. Tuia","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9884691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9884691","url":null,"abstract":"Learning to predict accurately from a few data samples is a central challenge in modern data-hungry machine learning. On natural images, human vision typically outperforms deep learning approaches on few-shot learning. However, we hypothesize that aerial and satellite images are more challenging to the human eye. This applies particularly when the image resolution is comparatively low, as with the 10m ground sampling distance of Sentinel-2. In this study, we benchmark model-agnostic meta-learning (MAML) algorithms against human participants on few-shot land cover classification with Sentinel-2 imagery on the Sen12MS dataset. We find that categorization of land cover from globally distributed regions is a difficult task for the participants, who classified the given images less accurately than the MAML-trained model and with a highly variable success rate. This suggest that hand-labeling land cover directly on Sentinel-2 imagery is not optimal when tackling a new land cover classification problem. Labeling only a few images and employing a trained meta-learning model to this task may lead to more accurate and consistent solutions compared to hand labeling by multiple individuals.","PeriodicalId":426003,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121141665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kun Li, Y. Shao, Jinning Wang, Zhiyong Wang, Xianyu Guo, Xiangcheng Liu, Xiulai Xiao, Zhiqu Liu, Xuexiao Wu, E. Hailin
{"title":"Anechoic Chamber Polinsar Measurements of Rice Canopy","authors":"Kun Li, Y. Shao, Jinning Wang, Zhiyong Wang, Xianyu Guo, Xiangcheng Liu, Xiulai Xiao, Zhiqu Liu, Xuexiao Wu, E. Hailin","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9884500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9884500","url":null,"abstract":"Height is an important indicator of rice growth condition and phenological period. The Polarimetric SAR Interferometry (PolInSAR) has proven a valuable technique for providing structural metrics of vegetation. Anechoic chamber experiments, allowing a high flexibility in the configuration of operating parameters, such as frequency and baseline, is the most convenient and feasible way to study the potential of PolInSAR in rice height retrieval. In this study, the first PolInSAR measurements of a recently built anechoic chamber, The Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties (LAMP), were presented and analyzed versus frequency and baseline, and rice height was retrieved using the measurement data. The results confirm that LAMP has the ability of PolInSAR, and the height of rice in milk stage is retrieved more precisely in the frequency range of 2.5 to 4.7GHz, when the baseline is 0.5°. The results are expected to contribute to studying and to defining the operation modes for future SAR missions.","PeriodicalId":426003,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"106 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114086820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-Scale Context-Aware R-Cnn for Few-Shot Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images","authors":"Haozheng Su, Yanan You, Gang Meng","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883807","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of remote sensing image object detection, the popular CNN-based methods need a large-scale and diverse dataset that is costly, and have limited generalization abili-ties for new categories. The few-shot object detection can be driven using only a few annotated samples. Existing few-shot detection methods are mainly designed for natural images, which ignore multi-scale objects and complex environments in remote sensing images. To tackle these challenges, we pro-pose a two-stage multi-scale method based on context mech-anism. Guided by the context-aware module, the multi-scale contextual information around the object is effectively extract and adaptively is combined into the ROI features to enhance the classification ability of the detector, which can reduce the classification confusion. Comparative experiments on public remote sensing image dataset RSOD show the effectiveness of our method.","PeriodicalId":426003,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114197731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The phase-only null beamforming synthesis via manifold optimization","authors":"Yang Cong, Jinfeng Hu, Kai Zhong, Jie Wu","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883605","url":null,"abstract":"The phase-only beamforming synthesis is widely applied in millimeter wave communication, radar and sonar. Due to the CMC, the problem is non-convex. The most current methods solve the problem by designing the phase, which either degrades the performance or needs huge complexity. To address this issue, a low-complexity Riemannian Manifold Optimization based Conjugate Gradient (RMOCG) method is proposed. First, the original problem is transformed into an unconstrained prob-lem on a complex circle manifold. Then, a RMOCG algorithm is derived, by deriving the gradient descent direction and the step size for ensuring the cost function non-increasing. Comparing with the existing methods, the proposed method has the following advantages: 1) the null depth is respectively 8 dB deeper than [6] and 3 dB deeper than [12]. 2) The computational cost is 2 magnitude lower than [6] and 1 magnitude lower than [12].","PeriodicalId":426003,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114314601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}