{"title":"Goldmark’s “Thoughts on Form and Style”—and on the Wagnerians’ Anti-Semitism","authors":"David Brodbeck","doi":"10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0046","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the summer of 1896, Carl Goldmark (1830–1915), a Viennese Jew of Hungarian origin, drafted an essay in which he wrote bitterly about fin-de-siècle anti-Semitism as he experienced it in the critical reception of his operas Das Heimchen am Herd and Die Königin von Saba. The late Austrian musicologist Gerhard J. Winkler characterized this extraordinary text “as [a] private confession of disillusionment, namely, the destruction of the lifelong illusion that Jews could seamlessly ‘assimilate’ . . . into German culture.” Yet Goldmark’s cri de coeur did not, in fact, remain off the record. In the spring of 1911, the Neue freie Presse, Vienna’s most influential assimilationist organ, published the bulk of it as “Thoughts on Form and Style (a Defense).” As I show through a close reading of this text and others in which the Jewish Question figures prominently, “Thoughts on Form and Style” eventually served as a spirited, public defense of Goldmark’s self-perception as a German composer—and this in an age of not only increasing anti-Semitism but also, because of that seemingly intractable prejudice, growing doubts in a younger generation of Central European Jews about the viability of the acculturation project itself.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86672867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Travel on American Collectors during the Long Nineteenth Century","authors":"I. Reist","doi":"10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0200","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This essay focuses on the ways in which travel broadened and deepened later nineteenth-century American collectors’ interests in cultures different from their own. Like many Gilded Age traveler-collectors, the figures profiled here—Isabella Stewart Gardner (1840–1924), Charles Lang Freer (1854–1919), Louisine Havemeyer (1855–1929), Henry (1849–1919) and Helen Clay Frick (1888–1984), and Phoebe Hearst (1842–1919)—were affluent and curious. Quotations from diaries, letters, and memoirs underscore the role travel played in educating them. Gardner’s constant travels to Italy solidified the direction her collecting would take, while Freer’s unwavering interest in the arts of many cultures of Asia prompted repeated visits to that continent. Havemeyer’s recollections of Spain spurred her desire to collect the art of El Greco (1541–1614) well before other Americans developed an appreciation of that artist, and letters and travel diaries illuminate Phoebe Hearst’s and Helen Clay Frick’s self-education through museum visits, in Hearst’s case affecting as well the later collecting obsessions of her son, William Randolph Hearst (1863–1951). While these collectors were often drawn to objects because they saw them as exotic, museums today seek to understand the objects they acquired within the context of their creators’ cultures.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82176146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Whistler’s Crepuscules—from Valparaíso to Venice","authors":"Margaret F. MacDonald","doi":"10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0143","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The expatriate U.S. artist James McNeill Whistler (1834–1903) was an influential painter and printmaker and an important link between London, Paris, and New York. The infinite shades of half-light depicted in his work inspired a wide range of nuanced terminology. This essay discusses his twilight subjects in the words of the artist himself and his contemporaries, from the crepuscules of Trouville and Valparaíso in the 1860s to the Venetian nocturnes of 1879–80, with a focus on works in The Frick Collection in tribute to the curator emerita Susan Grace Galassi. When Whistler thanked his patron Frederick R. Leyland (1832–1892) for the term nocturne to describe his moonlight scenes, he said that the word “does so poetically say all I want to say and no more than I wish!” The new titles, applied to his twilight subjects as well as his night scenes, mirrored the repositioning of his aesthetic identity. The virtual transformation of his early realistic or impressionistic oils by the imposition of abstract titles confirmed his position as a proponent of “Art for Art’s Sake” and a leading figure in the Aesthetic movement.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84394920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Francisco Oller and France: New Perspectives","authors":"E. Sullivan","doi":"10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0242","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Francisco Oller was one of the most distinguished and influential artists to emerge from the Caribbean in the mid-nineteenth century. Often referred to as the painter of Puerto Rico, he is most noted for his depictions of everyday life on the island, landscapes, still lifes, portraits, and history paintings. However, his four lengthy journeys to Spain and France throughout his life indelibly marked his artistic production. This essay reconsiders the impact of French art on Oller. It deals with two heretofore unstudied paintings (both in private collections). A tabletop still life with peonies and other flowers reminds us of his interest in Henri Fantin-Latour and his contemporaries in Paris. Oller’s small but panoramic landscape of the pilgrimage shrine to Our Lady of Lourdes in southern France opens up questions regarding the artist’s own religious leanings and his interest in depicting public spaces.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79319037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Happy Ending for Lady Skipwith: Portraits by Reynolds and Lawrence","authors":"Aimee Ng","doi":"10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0158","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This essay explores the relationship between biography and portraiture in British paintings of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. New biographical information about Selina, Lady Skipwith (1752–1832), a sitter portrayed by both Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723–92) and Sir Thomas Lawrence (1769–1830), offers opportunities to examine the possibilities and limits of biography in art historical investigation.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83732115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joanna Sheers Seidenstein, E. Owens, Margot Bernstein
{"title":"Preface: Essays in Honor of Susan Grace Galassi","authors":"Joanna Sheers Seidenstein, E. Owens, Margot Bernstein","doi":"10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/ninecentstud.33.0073","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This text introduces the volume’s special section honoring Susan Grace Galassi, curator emerita of The Frick Collection. It recounts some of Dr. Galassi’s many achievements and summarizes the contents of the articles written in tribute to her.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81973984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Romanesque Commitments: Amélie Bosquet Between Popular Aesthetics and Novel(la) Theory","authors":"V. Baena","doi":"10.1353/ncf.2021.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ncf.2021.0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article reconsiders the relationship between literary aesthetics and political commitment in mid-nineteenth-century France by examining the fiction, folkloric research, and editorial work of provincial writer and intellectual Amélie Bosquet (1815–1904), as well as her correspondence with Gustave Flaubert between 1859 and 1869. I argue that Bosquet's La Normandie romanesque et merveilleuse, a collection of fairy tales and folklore from her native region, constitutes a reflection on the function and value of popular narrative—a theoretical intervention that she put to the test in editing a collection of workers' poetry and in writing her own novellas. Turning to Bosquet's correspondence with Flaubert, I show how their fundamental disagreements on style, narrative intervention, and the relationship between politics and aesthetics set the stage for critical debates on the nature of literary Realism, sentimental fiction, and the political responsibility of writers of fiction.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"68 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Baudelaire, Vischer, and Self-Transforming Empathy","authors":"Maria Scott","doi":"10.1353/ncf.2021.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ncf.2021.0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article proposes to situate what it will show to be Charles Baudelaire's bi-directional empathy with objects in relation to his move away from Romanticism towards Modernism. It will show that self-transforming receptiveness to the outside world is at least as central to his aesthetic as any self-projecting transformation of that world. The article will consider the poet's presentation of identification with objects, in the poems \"La Cloche fêlée,\" \"La Musique,\" and \"Le Flacon,\" in the light of early thinking about empathy by Robert Vischer and others, and then briefly in the light of more recent work on the theme. It will argue that his inscriptions of the confrontation between self and non-self reveal Baudelaire to be an early thinker of a self-transforming kind of empathy, which is central both to his Modernism and to the thinking of the early empathy theorists whose work was so influential for Modernism.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"102 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44200664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incipit: On Poetry and Crisis","authors":"Thomas C. Connolly, Liesl Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1353/ncf.2021.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ncf.2021.0033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"1 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48893978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"C'est le pays de la toilette\": Fashion and Space in Flaubert's Le Château des cœurs","authors":"Kasia Stempniak","doi":"10.1353/ncf.2021.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ncf.2021.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Written in collaboration with Louis Bouilhet and Charles d'Osmoy, Flaubert's play Le Château des cœurs (1863) remains one of his lesser-known literary works. A féerie set in Paris and several magical lands, the play's fifth act takes place in a fashion wonderland called the \"île de la toilette.\" Building on recent scholarly engagement with fashion, I argue that Le Château addresses two new modes of sartorial production—haute couture and confection. While these two industries occupied seemingly opposing positions, Le Château casts these two fashion sites as interchangeable, fluid spaces, thereby implying a lack of hierarchy between haute couture and confection. A similar dynamic is at play in Flaubert's literary style. Following Jacques Rancière's argument that Flaubert's writing dissolves the boundaries between art and everyday life, I propose that the treatment of sartorial space in Le Château is not only revelatory of mid-nineteenth-century fashion production, but it is also inextricably tied to Flaubert's aesthetics.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"103 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41783433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}